Improving AODV Performance by Software Defined Networking Using NS3

Brahmia, Hanene; Tolba, Chérif; Hafs, Toufik

doi:10.2478/acss-2022-0017

Abstract

Nowadays, vehicular networks attract car manufacturers, network researchers, and governments as well. They represent one of the building blocks, for the intelligent transportation systems. Our task is to study the employment of SDN advantages to facilitate and improve the performance of vehicular ad-hoc networks. The goal of the research is to evaluate AODV routing protocol performance improved with SDN technology applied on VANET network in specified environment of a city. We have evaluated three parameters: packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay and throughput using SUMO and NS3 simulators. The implemented evaluation protocol shows the importance of the adopted approach.

References

[1] W. Qi-wu, Q. Liu, and W. Wen, “Comparative study of VANET routing protocols,” International Conference on Cyberspace Technology (CCT 2014), Beijing, China, Nov. 2014. https://doi.org/10.1049/cp.2014.1306
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[2] K. T. Mahima, M. Ayoob, and G. Poravi, “Adversarial attacks and defense technologies on Autonomous Vehicles: A Review,” Applied Computer Systems, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 96–106, Dec. 2021. https://doi.org/10.2478/acss-2021-0012
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[3] N.V. Dharani Kumari and B.S. Shylaja, “AMGRP: AHP-based multimetric geographical routing protocol for urban environment of VANETs,” Journal of King Saud University – Computer and Information Sciences, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 72–81, Jan. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2017.01.001
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[4] M. A. Masrur, A. G. Skowronska, J. Hancock, S. W. Kolhoff, D. Z. McGrew, J. C. Vandiver, and J. Gatherer, “Military-based vehicle-to-grid and vehicle-to-vehicle microgrid – system architecture and implementation,” IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 157–171, Mar. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2017.2779268
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[5] C. N. Van Phu, N. Farhi, H. Haj-Salem, and J.-P. Lebacque, “A vehicle-to-infrastructure communication based algorithm for urban traffic control,” in 2017 5th IEEE International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems (MT-ITS), Naples, Italy, 2017, pp. 651–656. https://doi.org/10.1109/MTITS.2017.8005594
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[6] I. Wahid, A. A. Ikram, M. Ahmad, S. Ali, and A. Ali, “State of the art routing protocols in VANETs: A review,” Procedia Computer Science, vol. 130, pp. 689–694, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2018.04.121
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[7] M. R. Ghori, K. Z. Zamli, N. Quosthoni, M. Hisyam, and M. Montaser, “Vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET): Review,” in 2018 IEEE International Conference on Innovative Research and Development (ICIRD), Bangkok, Thailand, May 2018, pp. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIRD.2018.8376311
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[8] R. A. Nazib and S. Moh, “Routing protocols for unmanned aerial vehicle-aided vehicular ad hoc networks: A survey,” IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 77535–77560, Apr. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2989790
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[9] S. Boussoufa-Lahlah, F. Semchedine, and L. Bouallouche-Medjkoune, “Geographic routing protocols for vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs): A survey,” Vehicular Communications, vol. 11, pp. 20–31, Jan. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vehcom.2018.01.006
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[10] S. K. Bhoi and P. M. Khilar, “Vehicular communication: A survey,” IET Networks, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 204–217, Sep. 2014. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-net.2013.0065
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[11] A. K. Basil, M. Ismail, M. A. Altahrawi, H. Mahdi, and N. Ramli, “Performance of AODV and OLSR routing protocols in VANET under various traffic scenarios,” in 2017 IEEE 13th Malaysia International Conference on Communications (MICC), Johor Bahru, Malaysia, Nov. 2017, pp. 107–112. https://doi.org/10.1109/MICC.2017.8311742
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[12] D. S. Sandhu and S. Sharma, “Performance evaluation of DSDV, DSR, OLSR, TORA routing protocols – A review,” in Mobile Communication and Power Engineering, vol 296, V.V. Das and Y. Chaba, Eds. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013, pp. 502–507. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35864-7_77
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[13] J. M. Garcia-Campos, D. G. Reina, S. L. Toral, N. Bessis, F. Barrero, E. Asimakopoulou, and R. Hill, “Performance evaluation of reactive routing protocols for VANETs in urban scenarios following good simulation practices,” in 9th International Conference on Innovative Mobile and Internet Services in Ubiquitous Computing, Santa Catarina, Brazil, Jun. 2015, pp. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1109/IMIS.2015.5
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[14] S. Liu, Y. Yang, and W. Wang, “Research of AODV routing protocol for ad hoc networks1,” AASRI Procedia, vol. 5, pp. 21–31, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aasri.2013.10.054
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[15] L. Zhu, C. Li, B. Xia, Y. He, and Q. Lin, “A hybrid routing protocol for 3-D vehicular ad hoc networks,” IEEE Systems Journal, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 1239–1248, Nov. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSYST.2015.2490341
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[16] S. Goumiri, M. A. Riahla, and M. Hamadouche, “Security issues in self-organized ad-hoc networks (Manet, VANET, and FANET): A survey,” in Artificial Intelligence and Its Applications, AIAP 2021. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 413, B. Lejdel, E. Clementini, and L. Alarabi, Eds. Springer, Cham, 2022, pp. 312–324. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96311-8_29
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[17] A. Rasheed, S. Gillani, S. Ajmal, and A. Qayyum, “Vehicular Ad Hoc network (VANET): A survey, challenges, and applications,” in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET): A Survey, Challenges, and Applications, vol. 548, A. Laouiti, A. Qayyum, M. Mohamad Saad, Eds. Springer, Singapore, 2017, pp. 39–51. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3503-6_4
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[18] S. Khatri, H. Vachhani, S. Shah, J. Bhatia, M. Chaturvedi, S. Tanwar, and N. Kumar, “Machine learning models and techniques for VANET based traffic management: Implementation issues and challenges,” Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications, vol. 14, pp. 1778–1805, May 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-020-00993-4
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[19] K. Adhvaryu, “Performance comparison of multicast routing protocols based on Route Discovery Process for Manet,” in Inventive Communication and Computational Technologies. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 89, G. Ranganathan, J. Chen, and Á. Rocha, Eds. Springer, Singapore, 2020, pp. 79–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0146-3_9
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[20] E. E. Akkari Sallum, G. dos Santos, M. Alves, and M. M. Santos, “Performance analysis and comparison of the DSDV, AODV and OLSR routing protocols under VANETs,” in 2018 16th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems Telecommunications (ITST), Lisboa, Portugal, Oct. 2018, pp. 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2018.8566825
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[21] M. Kaur and B. S. Sohi, “Efficient DAG task scheduling algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks,” International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, vol. 6, no. 12, pp. 735–743, Dec. 2018. https://doi.org/10.26438/ijcse/v6i12.735743
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[22] J. Toutouh, J. Garcia-Nieto, and E. Alba, “Intelligent OLSR routing protocol optimization for VANETs,” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 61, no. 4, pp. 1884–1894, Mar. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2012.2188552
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[23] G. F. Ahmed, R. Barskar, and N. Barskar, “An improved DSDV routing protocol for wireless ad hoc networks,” Procedia Technology, vol. 6, pp. 822–831, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protcy.2012.10.100
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[24] C. O. Asogwa, X. Zhang, D. Xiao, and A. Hamed, “Experimental Analysis of AODV, DSR and DSDV protocols based on Wireless Body Area Network,” in Internet of Things, Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 312, Y. Wang and X. Zhang, Eds. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2012, pp. 183–191. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32427-7_25
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[25] E. Amiri and R. Hooshmand, “Retracted article: Improved AODV based on Topsis and fuzzy algorithms in vehicular ad-hoc networks,” Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 111, no. 2, pp. 947–961, Nov. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-019-06894-x
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[26] H. Brahmia and C. Tolba, “Vanet routing protocols: Discussion of various ad-hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) improvements,” in 2018 3rd International Conference on Pattern Analysis and Intelligent Systems (PAIS), Tebessa, Algeria, Oct. 2018, pp. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/PAIS.2018.8598502
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[27] O. S. Al-Heety, Z. Zakaria, M. Ismail, M. M. Shakir, S. Alani, and H. Alsariera, “A comprehensive survey: Benefits, services, recent works, challenges, security, and use cases for SDN-VANET,” IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 91028–91047, May 2020. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2992580
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[28] H. D. Ali and A. H. Abdulqader, “Using software defined network (SDN) controllers to enhance communication between two vehicles in vehicular ad hoc network (VANET),” in 2021 7th International Conference on Contemporary Information Technology and Mathematics (ICCITM), Mosul, Iraq, Aug. 2021, pp. 106–111. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCITM53167.2021.9677720
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[29] N. McKeown, T. Anderson, H. Balakrishnan, G. Parulkar, L. Peterson, J. Rexford, S. Shenker, and J. Turner, “OpenFlow,” ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 69–74, Apr. 2008. https://doi.org/10.1145/1355734.1355746
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[30] Z. He, J. Cao, and X. Liu, “SDVN: Enabling rapid network innovation for heterogeneous vehicular communication,” IEEE Network, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 10–15, Jul. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/MNET.2016.7513858
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[31] W.Ben Jaballah, M.Conti, and C.Lal, “A survey on software-defined VANETs: benefits, challenges, and future directions,” arXiv preprint, arXiv:1904.04577, 2019. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1904.04577
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[32] Md. Mahmudul Islam, M. T. R. Khan, M. M. Saad, and D. Kim, “Software-defined vehicular network (SDVN): A survey on architecture and routing,” Journal of Systems Architecture, vol. 114, Mar. 2021, Art no. 101961. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sysarc.2020.101961
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[33] The Network Simulator ns-3. [Online]. Available: https://www.nsnam.org/. Accessed on: Oct. 26, 2022.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[34] SourceForge, “Eclipse SUMO – simulation of Urban mobility”. [Online]. Available: http://sumo.sourceforge.net/. Accessed on: Oct. 26, 2022.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Improving AODV Performance by Software Defined Networking Using NS3

Abstract

Paradigm

My account