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Parameters of Building Geometry that Affect Wind Flow With Regards to the Possibilities for their Implementation in Urban and Architectural Design in Poland Cover

Parameters of Building Geometry that Affect Wind Flow With Regards to the Possibilities for their Implementation in Urban and Architectural Design in Poland

Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment
Volume 17 (2024): Issue 4 (December 2024)
By: Mariya -Veronika MOCHULSKA and  Katarzyna ZIELONKO-JUNG  
Open Access
|Dec 2024

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

BCR scheme and design; by the authors, based on [14]
BCR scheme and design; by the authors, based on [14]

Figure 2.

FAR diagram and formula; by the authors, based on[14]
FAR diagram and formula; by the authors, based on[14]

Figure 3.

Porosity diagram and patterns; by the authors, based on [19, 20]
Porosity diagram and patterns; by the authors, based on [19, 20]

Figure 4.

Schematic and permeability pattern, a. schematic of the vertical plane with division into low, medium and high-rise building zones, b. schematic of the plan view with determination of “wind path”; by the authors, based on [24]
Schematic and permeability pattern, a. schematic of the vertical plane with division into low, medium and high-rise building zones, b. schematic of the plan view with determination of “wind path”; by the authors, based on [24]

Figure 5.

Schematic and pattern of occlusivity, numbers 1–3 indicate horizontal section lines(1 – 1st line of horizontal section, 2 – 2nd horizontal section line, 3 – 3rd horizontal section line); by the authors, based on [20]
Schematic and pattern of occlusivity, numbers 1–3 indicate horizontal section lines(1 – 1st line of horizontal section, 2 – 2nd horizontal section line, 3 – 3rd horizontal section line); by the authors, based on [20]

Figure 6.

Frontal aspect ratio diagram and formula; by the authors, based on [7]
Frontal aspect ratio diagram and formula; by the authors, based on [7]

Figure 7.

Aspect ratio H/W diagram and main dependent aerodynamic effects, a – isolated roughness flow, b – wake interference flow, c, d, e – skimming flow; by the authors, based on [31]
Aspect ratio H/W diagram and main dependent aerodynamic effects, a – isolated roughness flow, b – wake interference flow, c, d, e – skimming flow; by the authors, based on [31]

Figure 8.

Aspect ratio L/H diagram; by the authors, based on [39]
Aspect ratio L/H diagram; by the authors, based on [39]

Figure 9.

Aspect ratio L/W diagram; by the author, based on [41]
Aspect ratio L/W diagram; by the author, based on [41]

Figure 10.

SVF diagram and patterns, a – symmetrical street, b – asymmetrical street, c – non-street urban space, d – courtyard; by the authors, based on [45]
SVF diagram and patterns, a – symmetrical street, b – asymmetrical street, c – non-street urban space, d – courtyard; by the authors, based on [45]

Figure 11.

SVF diagram and patterns, a – symmetrical street, b – asymmetrical street, c – non-street urban space, d – courtyard; by the authors, based on [45]
SVF diagram and patterns, a – symmetrical street, b – asymmetrical street, c – non-street urban space, d – courtyard; by the authors, based on [45]

Figure 12.

Aerodynamic effects within the street depending on roof shape; by the authors, based on[49]
Aerodynamic effects within the street depending on roof shape; by the authors, based on[49]

Figure 13.

Diagram of the central angle; by the authors based on [78]
Diagram of the central angle; by the authors based on [78]

Comparative summary of the geometry of the development and its relationship to the land and parameters used in aerodynamic field

PARAMETERDIMENSION/APPLICATIONSTATE OF KNOWLEDGELITERATURE SOURCES
Local scale – urban planning – local development plans, masterplans for districts, settlements
1Building coverage ratio2D, related to low-rise developments of varying heightswell-established, long-established[9–11, 13, 51, 51–55]
2Floor area ratio3Dwell-established, long-established[11, 13, 16, 17, 47, 55–58]
3Porosity3D, related to medium to large building heightspopular recently, of great interest, still imprecise definition[7, 12, 18, 20, 23, 25, 27, 30, 59–63]
4Permeability2D related to buildings with closed layouts and large heightspopular recently, of great interest[21–24]
5Occlusivity2D related to buildings with closed layouts and medium heightspopular recently, of moderate interest[28, 64, 65]
6Frontal aspect ratio3D, related to low-rise developments of varying heightspopular recently, of great interest[7, 12, 30, 60–63]
Microscale, close surroundings of buildings – urban and architectural design – masterplans, arrangement of the area around buildings
7Aspect ratio H/W2D, related to low-rise developments of varying heightswell-established, long-established, of great interest[7, 31–38, 66–68]
8Aspect ratio L/H2D, related to low-rise developmentslong-term, little interest[10, 39, 41, 69–71]
9Aspect ratio L/W2D, related to low-rise developmentslong-term, little interest[10, 41]
10Sky view factor2D/3D related to buildings with little of varying heightswell-established, long-established[42–45, 72, 73]
11The orientation of the building/sinuosity2D related tobuildings with medium to largelong-known, difficult to define[7, 20, 26, 46, 47, 74, 75]
12Roof shape3Dpoorly researched, rarely considered[48–50, 76, 77]

Relationships between architecture, its relationship to the land used and geometry building parameters used in aerodynamic

ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN PLANNING PARAMETERS USED IN POLANDAERODYNAMICS-RELATED PARAMETERS
DIRECTLYINTERMEDIATE
1Building coverage ratioBuilding coverage ratioOcclusivity
2Floor area ratioFloor area ratio
3Percentage of undeveloped biologically active area Porosity, permeability
4Building height Aspect ratio H/W L/H, frontal aspect ratio
5Height difference Frontal aspect ratio
6Façade length Aspect ratio L/W L/H, frontal aspect ratio, sinuosity
7Aspect ratio W/HAspect ratio H/W
8Central angleSky view factor
9Type of construction Aspect ratio H/W L/W L/H, sky view factor
10Building line Projection orientation, sinuosity
11Roof shapeRoof shape
12Distances to site boundaries, other buildings, technical infrastructure elementsPermeabilityAspect ratio H/W
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2024-0030 | Journal eISSN: 2720-6947 | Journal ISSN: 1899-0142
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Language: English
Page range: 83 - 98
Submitted on: Jul 29, 2024
Accepted on: Dec 14, 2024
Published on: Dec 31, 2024
Published by: Silesian University of Technology
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
Sustainable city,
Urban climate,
Urban morphology,
Urban planning,
Urban ventilation
Related subjects:
Architecture and design,
Architecture,
Architects, buildings

© 2024 Mariya -Veronika MOCHULSKA, Katarzyna ZIELONKO-JUNG, published by Silesian University of Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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