Figure 1.
![The process for producing Corten steel [Created by authors]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/677fd28e082aa65dea3c718b/j_acee-2024-0018_fig_001.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBM7A6XEG%2F20251218%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251218T190403Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjENH%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJGMEQCIEAOykZZ9uSp1QCr%2FB0zf1Gk%2FkpuF3jWUJah7F23toKwAiA1Wvn0JvygMgjCEW1DZQgb%2FvLj%2F%2FW83yzzSqVYiiTKEyrEBQia%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDk2MzEzNDI4OTk0MCIMlcnEguqEBjl0AdnHKpgFDycdDm2DsBjapSqE1QbhCmQRujNnhx21ce0VgUks0Gu%2F2gtSiCxLANNgfmjIjdNZwKDSkFCCkee0hj906H02tH%2FN1OslBQ47cs4NBh5l172w6Bj50Q2kidnmUsZAW76kg5XHoXtbwi4nHwEuu8T%2BkPgqAddGJfKgE%2FU2aD9mVi3Jh5Dvqcfz2u79haolioi%2FV%2Fl1%2B6rymkPV1GKPPjfOj8OlTFNmIHcl2yG9wMCcN2t3KnZkgiNF10DMkxfeY8QEtX78mni%2FnDCenFouXcSb%2FWSu35s4yI3mdYoTf%2FyddXAg6nSCptFAvEsupx0nrJ6ZnFlZFYw%2FlsoJ3NZvt1KrqCxtdWqL3Vyi9tpZfNsRN0A36ylCYEs4BBPgaqi0O%2Bh%2F7zGmydEsES5589HxA8LWdBNqie5%2B%2FuTkDGxJUy8I4NaITXsAl3ByNnUdkxCc3DbPvbgpYxrz6ng4ut116AMLzOkGNzvqMFQaVfMeK1x%2FLj7B44e2t3%2BukQQItaaWR%2FVkPMtOFViAeekrarf5%2B2vdatO%2F%2FlBSufkQW6Ya3vcVRoIbRnFgqzmInJ1t1LRFuCSxokANfJMazROzxSb3RHHUZkQTrbRJgfDY9lsVMU7RlvFhMXnXh%2FHOB%2B%2F%2Bg9tTO9DZUxYVOFXN4oSj6crYW6JKt6HMSt1uJiBIFFrn5pfnbJgigePT6ndT%2Baxi5Y7ud3iL56qTx%2FsjBSa4Uxjo8mzaRG%2Fkf6lk5BcpAo7GgVQ9tvAloyJ3yXH7NVF5xg2hyUale0ddFY4ySlqVkbzXxEXgko%2BI4GTfvf%2BjQi9%2B8bWXqlFTgYSxf09DyISUJwVJVyf5%2FqsLboZzlT9RcVhRt8KRhERvh0AICyzURy3ev%2BYbtbMhVg3%2BaRVotzCO35DKBjqyAUjeMKBSgNr9vhOycEJOF79WaB3QcORlUiRpqgOQBMGV%2BVRw29TWi%2FioCGtMB0MArSGfM%2B3W5TnCns5hYsPuRxOmoyD613Api%2BxIH%2BQAtIvyIwenmL2nc9JHMqpgyDvoAy6TYhHAutuqL2u27BUZqtt33XZLdL9P6icIiG5q1zb7rs2JklMJUyssoRNWwI8LSfMQCzsZ4isjKsBMTLWL5SL1eu0k4ZxPOwrxoKOJgKCk550%3D&X-Amz-Signature=624e088840e02513bb0d67de1360256cf6551ba9b9b40d1ba9e09a7b75c7eb70&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 2.
![Transforming the Hokkaido Centennial Memorial Tower over the years [8]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/677fd28e082aa65dea3c718b/j_acee-2024-0018_fig_002.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBM7A6XEG%2F20251218%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251218T190403Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjENH%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJGMEQCIEAOykZZ9uSp1QCr%2FB0zf1Gk%2FkpuF3jWUJah7F23toKwAiA1Wvn0JvygMgjCEW1DZQgb%2FvLj%2F%2FW83yzzSqVYiiTKEyrEBQia%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDk2MzEzNDI4OTk0MCIMlcnEguqEBjl0AdnHKpgFDycdDm2DsBjapSqE1QbhCmQRujNnhx21ce0VgUks0Gu%2F2gtSiCxLANNgfmjIjdNZwKDSkFCCkee0hj906H02tH%2FN1OslBQ47cs4NBh5l172w6Bj50Q2kidnmUsZAW76kg5XHoXtbwi4nHwEuu8T%2BkPgqAddGJfKgE%2FU2aD9mVi3Jh5Dvqcfz2u79haolioi%2FV%2Fl1%2B6rymkPV1GKPPjfOj8OlTFNmIHcl2yG9wMCcN2t3KnZkgiNF10DMkxfeY8QEtX78mni%2FnDCenFouXcSb%2FWSu35s4yI3mdYoTf%2FyddXAg6nSCptFAvEsupx0nrJ6ZnFlZFYw%2FlsoJ3NZvt1KrqCxtdWqL3Vyi9tpZfNsRN0A36ylCYEs4BBPgaqi0O%2Bh%2F7zGmydEsES5589HxA8LWdBNqie5%2B%2FuTkDGxJUy8I4NaITXsAl3ByNnUdkxCc3DbPvbgpYxrz6ng4ut116AMLzOkGNzvqMFQaVfMeK1x%2FLj7B44e2t3%2BukQQItaaWR%2FVkPMtOFViAeekrarf5%2B2vdatO%2F%2FlBSufkQW6Ya3vcVRoIbRnFgqzmInJ1t1LRFuCSxokANfJMazROzxSb3RHHUZkQTrbRJgfDY9lsVMU7RlvFhMXnXh%2FHOB%2B%2F%2Bg9tTO9DZUxYVOFXN4oSj6crYW6JKt6HMSt1uJiBIFFrn5pfnbJgigePT6ndT%2Baxi5Y7ud3iL56qTx%2FsjBSa4Uxjo8mzaRG%2Fkf6lk5BcpAo7GgVQ9tvAloyJ3yXH7NVF5xg2hyUale0ddFY4ySlqVkbzXxEXgko%2BI4GTfvf%2BjQi9%2B8bWXqlFTgYSxf09DyISUJwVJVyf5%2FqsLboZzlT9RcVhRt8KRhERvh0AICyzURy3ev%2BYbtbMhVg3%2BaRVotzCO35DKBjqyAUjeMKBSgNr9vhOycEJOF79WaB3QcORlUiRpqgOQBMGV%2BVRw29TWi%2FioCGtMB0MArSGfM%2B3W5TnCns5hYsPuRxOmoyD613Api%2BxIH%2BQAtIvyIwenmL2nc9JHMqpgyDvoAy6TYhHAutuqL2u27BUZqtt33XZLdL9P6icIiG5q1zb7rs2JklMJUyssoRNWwI8LSfMQCzsZ4isjKsBMTLWL5SL1eu0k4ZxPOwrxoKOJgKCk550%3D&X-Amz-Signature=acc57b61083516846350ff08fa6764a76d38a9b2e843472ac0491e0419f0e506&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 3.
![Closing the gap in the eastern rooms of Kyrenia Castle with Corten and new access to the Eastern fighting gallery and Venetian filling [16]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/677fd28e082aa65dea3c718b/j_acee-2024-0018_fig_003.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBM7A6XEG%2F20251218%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251218T190403Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjENH%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJGMEQCIEAOykZZ9uSp1QCr%2FB0zf1Gk%2FkpuF3jWUJah7F23toKwAiA1Wvn0JvygMgjCEW1DZQgb%2FvLj%2F%2FW83yzzSqVYiiTKEyrEBQia%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDk2MzEzNDI4OTk0MCIMlcnEguqEBjl0AdnHKpgFDycdDm2DsBjapSqE1QbhCmQRujNnhx21ce0VgUks0Gu%2F2gtSiCxLANNgfmjIjdNZwKDSkFCCkee0hj906H02tH%2FN1OslBQ47cs4NBh5l172w6Bj50Q2kidnmUsZAW76kg5XHoXtbwi4nHwEuu8T%2BkPgqAddGJfKgE%2FU2aD9mVi3Jh5Dvqcfz2u79haolioi%2FV%2Fl1%2B6rymkPV1GKPPjfOj8OlTFNmIHcl2yG9wMCcN2t3KnZkgiNF10DMkxfeY8QEtX78mni%2FnDCenFouXcSb%2FWSu35s4yI3mdYoTf%2FyddXAg6nSCptFAvEsupx0nrJ6ZnFlZFYw%2FlsoJ3NZvt1KrqCxtdWqL3Vyi9tpZfNsRN0A36ylCYEs4BBPgaqi0O%2Bh%2F7zGmydEsES5589HxA8LWdBNqie5%2B%2FuTkDGxJUy8I4NaITXsAl3ByNnUdkxCc3DbPvbgpYxrz6ng4ut116AMLzOkGNzvqMFQaVfMeK1x%2FLj7B44e2t3%2BukQQItaaWR%2FVkPMtOFViAeekrarf5%2B2vdatO%2F%2FlBSufkQW6Ya3vcVRoIbRnFgqzmInJ1t1LRFuCSxokANfJMazROzxSb3RHHUZkQTrbRJgfDY9lsVMU7RlvFhMXnXh%2FHOB%2B%2F%2Bg9tTO9DZUxYVOFXN4oSj6crYW6JKt6HMSt1uJiBIFFrn5pfnbJgigePT6ndT%2Baxi5Y7ud3iL56qTx%2FsjBSa4Uxjo8mzaRG%2Fkf6lk5BcpAo7GgVQ9tvAloyJ3yXH7NVF5xg2hyUale0ddFY4ySlqVkbzXxEXgko%2BI4GTfvf%2BjQi9%2B8bWXqlFTgYSxf09DyISUJwVJVyf5%2FqsLboZzlT9RcVhRt8KRhERvh0AICyzURy3ev%2BYbtbMhVg3%2BaRVotzCO35DKBjqyAUjeMKBSgNr9vhOycEJOF79WaB3QcORlUiRpqgOQBMGV%2BVRw29TWi%2FioCGtMB0MArSGfM%2B3W5TnCns5hYsPuRxOmoyD613Api%2BxIH%2BQAtIvyIwenmL2nc9JHMqpgyDvoAy6TYhHAutuqL2u27BUZqtt33XZLdL9P6icIiG5q1zb7rs2JklMJUyssoRNWwI8LSfMQCzsZ4isjKsBMTLWL5SL1eu0k4ZxPOwrxoKOJgKCk550%3D&X-Amz-Signature=3a62c0ec1791d13a14ae68fdcc70ce50254245932e36306a80f9296c192d461d&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 4.
![Raif Dinçdök Cultural Center, Özyeğin University Faculty of Architecture and Design Building, Piri Reis University and Tekfur Palace Museum [created by authors with photos from [17]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/677fd28e082aa65dea3c718b/j_acee-2024-0018_fig_004.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBM7A6XEG%2F20251218%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251218T190403Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjENH%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJGMEQCIEAOykZZ9uSp1QCr%2FB0zf1Gk%2FkpuF3jWUJah7F23toKwAiA1Wvn0JvygMgjCEW1DZQgb%2FvLj%2F%2FW83yzzSqVYiiTKEyrEBQia%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDk2MzEzNDI4OTk0MCIMlcnEguqEBjl0AdnHKpgFDycdDm2DsBjapSqE1QbhCmQRujNnhx21ce0VgUks0Gu%2F2gtSiCxLANNgfmjIjdNZwKDSkFCCkee0hj906H02tH%2FN1OslBQ47cs4NBh5l172w6Bj50Q2kidnmUsZAW76kg5XHoXtbwi4nHwEuu8T%2BkPgqAddGJfKgE%2FU2aD9mVi3Jh5Dvqcfz2u79haolioi%2FV%2Fl1%2B6rymkPV1GKPPjfOj8OlTFNmIHcl2yG9wMCcN2t3KnZkgiNF10DMkxfeY8QEtX78mni%2FnDCenFouXcSb%2FWSu35s4yI3mdYoTf%2FyddXAg6nSCptFAvEsupx0nrJ6ZnFlZFYw%2FlsoJ3NZvt1KrqCxtdWqL3Vyi9tpZfNsRN0A36ylCYEs4BBPgaqi0O%2Bh%2F7zGmydEsES5589HxA8LWdBNqie5%2B%2FuTkDGxJUy8I4NaITXsAl3ByNnUdkxCc3DbPvbgpYxrz6ng4ut116AMLzOkGNzvqMFQaVfMeK1x%2FLj7B44e2t3%2BukQQItaaWR%2FVkPMtOFViAeekrarf5%2B2vdatO%2F%2FlBSufkQW6Ya3vcVRoIbRnFgqzmInJ1t1LRFuCSxokANfJMazROzxSb3RHHUZkQTrbRJgfDY9lsVMU7RlvFhMXnXh%2FHOB%2B%2F%2Bg9tTO9DZUxYVOFXN4oSj6crYW6JKt6HMSt1uJiBIFFrn5pfnbJgigePT6ndT%2Baxi5Y7ud3iL56qTx%2FsjBSa4Uxjo8mzaRG%2Fkf6lk5BcpAo7GgVQ9tvAloyJ3yXH7NVF5xg2hyUale0ddFY4ySlqVkbzXxEXgko%2BI4GTfvf%2BjQi9%2B8bWXqlFTgYSxf09DyISUJwVJVyf5%2FqsLboZzlT9RcVhRt8KRhERvh0AICyzURy3ev%2BYbtbMhVg3%2BaRVotzCO35DKBjqyAUjeMKBSgNr9vhOycEJOF79WaB3QcORlUiRpqgOQBMGV%2BVRw29TWi%2FioCGtMB0MArSGfM%2B3W5TnCns5hYsPuRxOmoyD613Api%2BxIH%2BQAtIvyIwenmL2nc9JHMqpgyDvoAy6TYhHAutuqL2u27BUZqtt33XZLdL9P6icIiG5q1zb7rs2JklMJUyssoRNWwI8LSfMQCzsZ4isjKsBMTLWL5SL1eu0k4ZxPOwrxoKOJgKCk550%3D&X-Amz-Signature=12d77c8ffd0178fbf74290e704440d4987681fad682b2b56ccc1dde65cd8fd04&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 5.
![The methodology flow chart of the study [Source: Authors]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/677fd28e082aa65dea3c718b/j_acee-2024-0018_fig_005.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBM7A6XEG%2F20251218%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251218T190403Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjENH%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJGMEQCIEAOykZZ9uSp1QCr%2FB0zf1Gk%2FkpuF3jWUJah7F23toKwAiA1Wvn0JvygMgjCEW1DZQgb%2FvLj%2F%2FW83yzzSqVYiiTKEyrEBQia%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDk2MzEzNDI4OTk0MCIMlcnEguqEBjl0AdnHKpgFDycdDm2DsBjapSqE1QbhCmQRujNnhx21ce0VgUks0Gu%2F2gtSiCxLANNgfmjIjdNZwKDSkFCCkee0hj906H02tH%2FN1OslBQ47cs4NBh5l172w6Bj50Q2kidnmUsZAW76kg5XHoXtbwi4nHwEuu8T%2BkPgqAddGJfKgE%2FU2aD9mVi3Jh5Dvqcfz2u79haolioi%2FV%2Fl1%2B6rymkPV1GKPPjfOj8OlTFNmIHcl2yG9wMCcN2t3KnZkgiNF10DMkxfeY8QEtX78mni%2FnDCenFouXcSb%2FWSu35s4yI3mdYoTf%2FyddXAg6nSCptFAvEsupx0nrJ6ZnFlZFYw%2FlsoJ3NZvt1KrqCxtdWqL3Vyi9tpZfNsRN0A36ylCYEs4BBPgaqi0O%2Bh%2F7zGmydEsES5589HxA8LWdBNqie5%2B%2FuTkDGxJUy8I4NaITXsAl3ByNnUdkxCc3DbPvbgpYxrz6ng4ut116AMLzOkGNzvqMFQaVfMeK1x%2FLj7B44e2t3%2BukQQItaaWR%2FVkPMtOFViAeekrarf5%2B2vdatO%2F%2FlBSufkQW6Ya3vcVRoIbRnFgqzmInJ1t1LRFuCSxokANfJMazROzxSb3RHHUZkQTrbRJgfDY9lsVMU7RlvFhMXnXh%2FHOB%2B%2F%2Bg9tTO9DZUxYVOFXN4oSj6crYW6JKt6HMSt1uJiBIFFrn5pfnbJgigePT6ndT%2Baxi5Y7ud3iL56qTx%2FsjBSa4Uxjo8mzaRG%2Fkf6lk5BcpAo7GgVQ9tvAloyJ3yXH7NVF5xg2hyUale0ddFY4ySlqVkbzXxEXgko%2BI4GTfvf%2BjQi9%2B8bWXqlFTgYSxf09DyISUJwVJVyf5%2FqsLboZzlT9RcVhRt8KRhERvh0AICyzURy3ev%2BYbtbMhVg3%2BaRVotzCO35DKBjqyAUjeMKBSgNr9vhOycEJOF79WaB3QcORlUiRpqgOQBMGV%2BVRw29TWi%2FioCGtMB0MArSGfM%2B3W5TnCns5hYsPuRxOmoyD613Api%2BxIH%2BQAtIvyIwenmL2nc9JHMqpgyDvoAy6TYhHAutuqL2u27BUZqtt33XZLdL9P6icIiG5q1zb7rs2JklMJUyssoRNWwI8LSfMQCzsZ4isjKsBMTLWL5SL1eu0k4ZxPOwrxoKOJgKCk550%3D&X-Amz-Signature=d7cc0dfff19059fff44fe33c1ed19cc6a9e4bbec88c70450a6f13cd4c35557c2&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Fig.ure 6.
![Rize Şimal shopping mall exterior [Source: Authors]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/677fd28e082aa65dea3c718b/j_acee-2024-0018_fig_006.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBM7A6XEG%2F20251218%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251218T190403Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjENH%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJGMEQCIEAOykZZ9uSp1QCr%2FB0zf1Gk%2FkpuF3jWUJah7F23toKwAiA1Wvn0JvygMgjCEW1DZQgb%2FvLj%2F%2FW83yzzSqVYiiTKEyrEBQia%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDk2MzEzNDI4OTk0MCIMlcnEguqEBjl0AdnHKpgFDycdDm2DsBjapSqE1QbhCmQRujNnhx21ce0VgUks0Gu%2F2gtSiCxLANNgfmjIjdNZwKDSkFCCkee0hj906H02tH%2FN1OslBQ47cs4NBh5l172w6Bj50Q2kidnmUsZAW76kg5XHoXtbwi4nHwEuu8T%2BkPgqAddGJfKgE%2FU2aD9mVi3Jh5Dvqcfz2u79haolioi%2FV%2Fl1%2B6rymkPV1GKPPjfOj8OlTFNmIHcl2yG9wMCcN2t3KnZkgiNF10DMkxfeY8QEtX78mni%2FnDCenFouXcSb%2FWSu35s4yI3mdYoTf%2FyddXAg6nSCptFAvEsupx0nrJ6ZnFlZFYw%2FlsoJ3NZvt1KrqCxtdWqL3Vyi9tpZfNsRN0A36ylCYEs4BBPgaqi0O%2Bh%2F7zGmydEsES5589HxA8LWdBNqie5%2B%2FuTkDGxJUy8I4NaITXsAl3ByNnUdkxCc3DbPvbgpYxrz6ng4ut116AMLzOkGNzvqMFQaVfMeK1x%2FLj7B44e2t3%2BukQQItaaWR%2FVkPMtOFViAeekrarf5%2B2vdatO%2F%2FlBSufkQW6Ya3vcVRoIbRnFgqzmInJ1t1LRFuCSxokANfJMazROzxSb3RHHUZkQTrbRJgfDY9lsVMU7RlvFhMXnXh%2FHOB%2B%2F%2Bg9tTO9DZUxYVOFXN4oSj6crYW6JKt6HMSt1uJiBIFFrn5pfnbJgigePT6ndT%2Baxi5Y7ud3iL56qTx%2FsjBSa4Uxjo8mzaRG%2Fkf6lk5BcpAo7GgVQ9tvAloyJ3yXH7NVF5xg2hyUale0ddFY4ySlqVkbzXxEXgko%2BI4GTfvf%2BjQi9%2B8bWXqlFTgYSxf09DyISUJwVJVyf5%2FqsLboZzlT9RcVhRt8KRhERvh0AICyzURy3ev%2BYbtbMhVg3%2BaRVotzCO35DKBjqyAUjeMKBSgNr9vhOycEJOF79WaB3QcORlUiRpqgOQBMGV%2BVRw29TWi%2FioCGtMB0MArSGfM%2B3W5TnCns5hYsPuRxOmoyD613Api%2BxIH%2BQAtIvyIwenmL2nc9JHMqpgyDvoAy6TYhHAutuqL2u27BUZqtt33XZLdL9P6icIiG5q1zb7rs2JklMJUyssoRNWwI8LSfMQCzsZ4isjKsBMTLWL5SL1eu0k4ZxPOwrxoKOJgKCk550%3D&X-Amz-Signature=4124dea2d62224701b4290a8fe83269d836cd42cff057765b33cc8ee8f1d9be9&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 7.
![Participants’ satisfaction levels with the building design, facade design, material, color and texture of Şimal AVM [Source: Authors]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/677fd28e082aa65dea3c718b/j_acee-2024-0018_fig_007.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBM7A6XEG%2F20251218%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251218T190403Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjENH%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJGMEQCIEAOykZZ9uSp1QCr%2FB0zf1Gk%2FkpuF3jWUJah7F23toKwAiA1Wvn0JvygMgjCEW1DZQgb%2FvLj%2F%2FW83yzzSqVYiiTKEyrEBQia%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDk2MzEzNDI4OTk0MCIMlcnEguqEBjl0AdnHKpgFDycdDm2DsBjapSqE1QbhCmQRujNnhx21ce0VgUks0Gu%2F2gtSiCxLANNgfmjIjdNZwKDSkFCCkee0hj906H02tH%2FN1OslBQ47cs4NBh5l172w6Bj50Q2kidnmUsZAW76kg5XHoXtbwi4nHwEuu8T%2BkPgqAddGJfKgE%2FU2aD9mVi3Jh5Dvqcfz2u79haolioi%2FV%2Fl1%2B6rymkPV1GKPPjfOj8OlTFNmIHcl2yG9wMCcN2t3KnZkgiNF10DMkxfeY8QEtX78mni%2FnDCenFouXcSb%2FWSu35s4yI3mdYoTf%2FyddXAg6nSCptFAvEsupx0nrJ6ZnFlZFYw%2FlsoJ3NZvt1KrqCxtdWqL3Vyi9tpZfNsRN0A36ylCYEs4BBPgaqi0O%2Bh%2F7zGmydEsES5589HxA8LWdBNqie5%2B%2FuTkDGxJUy8I4NaITXsAl3ByNnUdkxCc3DbPvbgpYxrz6ng4ut116AMLzOkGNzvqMFQaVfMeK1x%2FLj7B44e2t3%2BukQQItaaWR%2FVkPMtOFViAeekrarf5%2B2vdatO%2F%2FlBSufkQW6Ya3vcVRoIbRnFgqzmInJ1t1LRFuCSxokANfJMazROzxSb3RHHUZkQTrbRJgfDY9lsVMU7RlvFhMXnXh%2FHOB%2B%2F%2Bg9tTO9DZUxYVOFXN4oSj6crYW6JKt6HMSt1uJiBIFFrn5pfnbJgigePT6ndT%2Baxi5Y7ud3iL56qTx%2FsjBSa4Uxjo8mzaRG%2Fkf6lk5BcpAo7GgVQ9tvAloyJ3yXH7NVF5xg2hyUale0ddFY4ySlqVkbzXxEXgko%2BI4GTfvf%2BjQi9%2B8bWXqlFTgYSxf09DyISUJwVJVyf5%2FqsLboZzlT9RcVhRt8KRhERvh0AICyzURy3ev%2BYbtbMhVg3%2BaRVotzCO35DKBjqyAUjeMKBSgNr9vhOycEJOF79WaB3QcORlUiRpqgOQBMGV%2BVRw29TWi%2FioCGtMB0MArSGfM%2B3W5TnCns5hYsPuRxOmoyD613Api%2BxIH%2BQAtIvyIwenmL2nc9JHMqpgyDvoAy6TYhHAutuqL2u27BUZqtt33XZLdL9P6icIiG5q1zb7rs2JklMJUyssoRNWwI8LSfMQCzsZ4isjKsBMTLWL5SL1eu0k4ZxPOwrxoKOJgKCk550%3D&X-Amz-Signature=d330626c4d5da181df73c2743723ba87cffe57c6c9a779ffc8ace7de787e50d2&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 8.
![Participants’ opinions about the façade of Şimal AVM through adjective pairs [Source: Authors]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/677fd28e082aa65dea3c718b/j_acee-2024-0018_fig_008.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBM7A6XEG%2F20251218%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251218T190403Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjENH%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJGMEQCIEAOykZZ9uSp1QCr%2FB0zf1Gk%2FkpuF3jWUJah7F23toKwAiA1Wvn0JvygMgjCEW1DZQgb%2FvLj%2F%2FW83yzzSqVYiiTKEyrEBQia%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDk2MzEzNDI4OTk0MCIMlcnEguqEBjl0AdnHKpgFDycdDm2DsBjapSqE1QbhCmQRujNnhx21ce0VgUks0Gu%2F2gtSiCxLANNgfmjIjdNZwKDSkFCCkee0hj906H02tH%2FN1OslBQ47cs4NBh5l172w6Bj50Q2kidnmUsZAW76kg5XHoXtbwi4nHwEuu8T%2BkPgqAddGJfKgE%2FU2aD9mVi3Jh5Dvqcfz2u79haolioi%2FV%2Fl1%2B6rymkPV1GKPPjfOj8OlTFNmIHcl2yG9wMCcN2t3KnZkgiNF10DMkxfeY8QEtX78mni%2FnDCenFouXcSb%2FWSu35s4yI3mdYoTf%2FyddXAg6nSCptFAvEsupx0nrJ6ZnFlZFYw%2FlsoJ3NZvt1KrqCxtdWqL3Vyi9tpZfNsRN0A36ylCYEs4BBPgaqi0O%2Bh%2F7zGmydEsES5589HxA8LWdBNqie5%2B%2FuTkDGxJUy8I4NaITXsAl3ByNnUdkxCc3DbPvbgpYxrz6ng4ut116AMLzOkGNzvqMFQaVfMeK1x%2FLj7B44e2t3%2BukQQItaaWR%2FVkPMtOFViAeekrarf5%2B2vdatO%2F%2FlBSufkQW6Ya3vcVRoIbRnFgqzmInJ1t1LRFuCSxokANfJMazROzxSb3RHHUZkQTrbRJgfDY9lsVMU7RlvFhMXnXh%2FHOB%2B%2F%2Bg9tTO9DZUxYVOFXN4oSj6crYW6JKt6HMSt1uJiBIFFrn5pfnbJgigePT6ndT%2Baxi5Y7ud3iL56qTx%2FsjBSa4Uxjo8mzaRG%2Fkf6lk5BcpAo7GgVQ9tvAloyJ3yXH7NVF5xg2hyUale0ddFY4ySlqVkbzXxEXgko%2BI4GTfvf%2BjQi9%2B8bWXqlFTgYSxf09DyISUJwVJVyf5%2FqsLboZzlT9RcVhRt8KRhERvh0AICyzURy3ev%2BYbtbMhVg3%2BaRVotzCO35DKBjqyAUjeMKBSgNr9vhOycEJOF79WaB3QcORlUiRpqgOQBMGV%2BVRw29TWi%2FioCGtMB0MArSGfM%2B3W5TnCns5hYsPuRxOmoyD613Api%2BxIH%2BQAtIvyIwenmL2nc9JHMqpgyDvoAy6TYhHAutuqL2u27BUZqtt33XZLdL9P6icIiG5q1zb7rs2JklMJUyssoRNWwI8LSfMQCzsZ4isjKsBMTLWL5SL1eu0k4ZxPOwrxoKOJgKCk550%3D&X-Amz-Signature=4b5934a3c88dead298196819b8783f5535a4c310676b631183aeb6e6643ce506&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 9.
![User opinions about color change in terms of physical, environmental and emotional aspects [Source: Authors]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/677fd28e082aa65dea3c718b/j_acee-2024-0018_fig_009.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBM7A6XEG%2F20251218%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251218T190403Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjENH%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJGMEQCIEAOykZZ9uSp1QCr%2FB0zf1Gk%2FkpuF3jWUJah7F23toKwAiA1Wvn0JvygMgjCEW1DZQgb%2FvLj%2F%2FW83yzzSqVYiiTKEyrEBQia%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDk2MzEzNDI4OTk0MCIMlcnEguqEBjl0AdnHKpgFDycdDm2DsBjapSqE1QbhCmQRujNnhx21ce0VgUks0Gu%2F2gtSiCxLANNgfmjIjdNZwKDSkFCCkee0hj906H02tH%2FN1OslBQ47cs4NBh5l172w6Bj50Q2kidnmUsZAW76kg5XHoXtbwi4nHwEuu8T%2BkPgqAddGJfKgE%2FU2aD9mVi3Jh5Dvqcfz2u79haolioi%2FV%2Fl1%2B6rymkPV1GKPPjfOj8OlTFNmIHcl2yG9wMCcN2t3KnZkgiNF10DMkxfeY8QEtX78mni%2FnDCenFouXcSb%2FWSu35s4yI3mdYoTf%2FyddXAg6nSCptFAvEsupx0nrJ6ZnFlZFYw%2FlsoJ3NZvt1KrqCxtdWqL3Vyi9tpZfNsRN0A36ylCYEs4BBPgaqi0O%2Bh%2F7zGmydEsES5589HxA8LWdBNqie5%2B%2FuTkDGxJUy8I4NaITXsAl3ByNnUdkxCc3DbPvbgpYxrz6ng4ut116AMLzOkGNzvqMFQaVfMeK1x%2FLj7B44e2t3%2BukQQItaaWR%2FVkPMtOFViAeekrarf5%2B2vdatO%2F%2FlBSufkQW6Ya3vcVRoIbRnFgqzmInJ1t1LRFuCSxokANfJMazROzxSb3RHHUZkQTrbRJgfDY9lsVMU7RlvFhMXnXh%2FHOB%2B%2F%2Bg9tTO9DZUxYVOFXN4oSj6crYW6JKt6HMSt1uJiBIFFrn5pfnbJgigePT6ndT%2Baxi5Y7ud3iL56qTx%2FsjBSa4Uxjo8mzaRG%2Fkf6lk5BcpAo7GgVQ9tvAloyJ3yXH7NVF5xg2hyUale0ddFY4ySlqVkbzXxEXgko%2BI4GTfvf%2BjQi9%2B8bWXqlFTgYSxf09DyISUJwVJVyf5%2FqsLboZzlT9RcVhRt8KRhERvh0AICyzURy3ev%2BYbtbMhVg3%2BaRVotzCO35DKBjqyAUjeMKBSgNr9vhOycEJOF79WaB3QcORlUiRpqgOQBMGV%2BVRw29TWi%2FioCGtMB0MArSGfM%2B3W5TnCns5hYsPuRxOmoyD613Api%2BxIH%2BQAtIvyIwenmL2nc9JHMqpgyDvoAy6TYhHAutuqL2u27BUZqtt33XZLdL9P6icIiG5q1zb7rs2JklMJUyssoRNWwI8LSfMQCzsZ4isjKsBMTLWL5SL1eu0k4ZxPOwrxoKOJgKCk550%3D&X-Amz-Signature=571d086010030514bd599948ce8f35722302d0669d1198acb469dd7064506402&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 10.
![User opinions about color change in terms of physical, environmental and emotional aspects [Source: Authors]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/677fd28e082aa65dea3c718b/j_acee-2024-0018_fig_010.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBM7A6XEG%2F20251218%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251218T190403Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjENH%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJGMEQCIEAOykZZ9uSp1QCr%2FB0zf1Gk%2FkpuF3jWUJah7F23toKwAiA1Wvn0JvygMgjCEW1DZQgb%2FvLj%2F%2FW83yzzSqVYiiTKEyrEBQia%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDk2MzEzNDI4OTk0MCIMlcnEguqEBjl0AdnHKpgFDycdDm2DsBjapSqE1QbhCmQRujNnhx21ce0VgUks0Gu%2F2gtSiCxLANNgfmjIjdNZwKDSkFCCkee0hj906H02tH%2FN1OslBQ47cs4NBh5l172w6Bj50Q2kidnmUsZAW76kg5XHoXtbwi4nHwEuu8T%2BkPgqAddGJfKgE%2FU2aD9mVi3Jh5Dvqcfz2u79haolioi%2FV%2Fl1%2B6rymkPV1GKPPjfOj8OlTFNmIHcl2yG9wMCcN2t3KnZkgiNF10DMkxfeY8QEtX78mni%2FnDCenFouXcSb%2FWSu35s4yI3mdYoTf%2FyddXAg6nSCptFAvEsupx0nrJ6ZnFlZFYw%2FlsoJ3NZvt1KrqCxtdWqL3Vyi9tpZfNsRN0A36ylCYEs4BBPgaqi0O%2Bh%2F7zGmydEsES5589HxA8LWdBNqie5%2B%2FuTkDGxJUy8I4NaITXsAl3ByNnUdkxCc3DbPvbgpYxrz6ng4ut116AMLzOkGNzvqMFQaVfMeK1x%2FLj7B44e2t3%2BukQQItaaWR%2FVkPMtOFViAeekrarf5%2B2vdatO%2F%2FlBSufkQW6Ya3vcVRoIbRnFgqzmInJ1t1LRFuCSxokANfJMazROzxSb3RHHUZkQTrbRJgfDY9lsVMU7RlvFhMXnXh%2FHOB%2B%2F%2Bg9tTO9DZUxYVOFXN4oSj6crYW6JKt6HMSt1uJiBIFFrn5pfnbJgigePT6ndT%2Baxi5Y7ud3iL56qTx%2FsjBSa4Uxjo8mzaRG%2Fkf6lk5BcpAo7GgVQ9tvAloyJ3yXH7NVF5xg2hyUale0ddFY4ySlqVkbzXxEXgko%2BI4GTfvf%2BjQi9%2B8bWXqlFTgYSxf09DyISUJwVJVyf5%2FqsLboZzlT9RcVhRt8KRhERvh0AICyzURy3ev%2BYbtbMhVg3%2BaRVotzCO35DKBjqyAUjeMKBSgNr9vhOycEJOF79WaB3QcORlUiRpqgOQBMGV%2BVRw29TWi%2FioCGtMB0MArSGfM%2B3W5TnCns5hYsPuRxOmoyD613Api%2BxIH%2BQAtIvyIwenmL2nc9JHMqpgyDvoAy6TYhHAutuqL2u27BUZqtt33XZLdL9P6icIiG5q1zb7rs2JklMJUyssoRNWwI8LSfMQCzsZ4isjKsBMTLWL5SL1eu0k4ZxPOwrxoKOJgKCk550%3D&X-Amz-Signature=017023fae6ba8909456a946c67e84221574177a4edccceb30a1f4befd35b8d5c&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Demographic characteristics of participants [Source: Authors]
| Gender | Number of people (N) | Percantage (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Female | 137 | 62 |
| Male | 84 | 38 |
| Age | Number of people (N) | Percantage (%) |
| Between 18-25 | 78 | 35.3 |
| Between 26-35 | 73 | 33 |
| Between 36-45 | 49 | 22,2 |
| Between 46-55 | 14 | 6,3 |
| 56 and above | 7 | 3.2 |
| Education | Number of people (N) | Percantage (%) |
| High school | 3 | 1.4 |
| Associate degree | 15 | 6,8 |
| Graduate | 126 | 57 |
| Postgraduate | 77 | 37.8 |