Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Stability of Stored Municipal Waste for Different Sealing Systems Cover

Stability of Stored Municipal Waste for Different Sealing Systems

Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment
Volume 16 (2023): Issue 4 (December 2023)
By:  and    
Open Access
|Dec 2023
Figures & tables

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Scheme of municipal waste storage at the landfill

Figure 2.

Cross-section through a single-sealing layer of slope and base of the landfill made of compacted clay or compacted fly ash

Table 1.

Parameters of materials used for calculations of waste landfill stability

Layer numberMaterialγ (kN/m3)ϕ/δ (°)c/ca (kPa)
IMunicipal waste10.2030.03.0
IIMedium sand ID=0.6016.6833.6–
IIIMedium sand + Non-woven geotextile9.0227.014.0
IVNon-woven geotextile + Textured geomembrane HDPE5.2924.00.0
VTextured geomembrane HDPE + Compacted clay14.9119.09.3
VICompacted clay IL=0.2420.6017.530.1

[i] Explanation: ID – the density index (the relative density), IL – the plasticity index, γ – the unit weight, ϕ and δ – the internal and interface friction angle, respectively, c and ca – the cohesion and adhesion, respectively.

Table 2.

Parameters of materials used for alternative calculations of waste landfill stability

Layer numberMaterialγ (kN/m3)ϕ/δ (°)c/ca (kPa)
VTextured geomembrane HDPE + Compacted fly ash11.7712.010.0
VICompacted fly ash R=0.9714.3240.042.0

[i] Explanation: R – the relative compaction (% of maximum compaction)

Table 3.

Percentage utilization for the limit state Λ and factor of safety (F) depending on slope geometry and calculation method for compacted clay as a mineral sealing layer.

Geometrical parametersPercentage utilization Λ (%) / factor of safety F (−) determined by the method:
BishopFellenius/PettersonSpencerJanbuMorgenstern-Price
α=20°B=10 mH=5 m94.1/1.33
H=10 m
H=30 m
H=50 m72.3/1.7373.0/1.7171.6/1.7571.4/1.7571.3/1.75
B=50 mH=5 m94.1/1.33
H=10 m
H=30 m
H=50 m70.8/1.7772.3/1.7370.8/1.7670.8/1.7670.8/1.76
α=25°B=10 mH=5 m94.1/1.33
H=10 m
H=30 m
H=50 m87.7/1.4289.1/1.4087.3/1.4387.2/1.4387.2/1.43
B=50 mH=5 m94.1/1.33
H=10 m
H=30 m
H=50 m88.8/1.4190.9/1.3888.9/1.4188.9/1.4188.9/1.41
α=30°B=10 mH=5 m94.1/1.33
H=10 m
H=30 m97.0/1.2997.9/1.2898.7/1.2798.1/1.2798.4/1.27
H=50 m–––––
B=50 mH=5 m94.1/1.33
H=10 m
H=30 m102.0/1.22105.4/1.19102.1/1.22102.1/1.22102.1/1.22
H=50 m107.5/1.16110.3/1.13107.6/1.16107.6/1.16107.6/1.16
α=45°B=10 mH=5 m99.5/1.26106.2/1.1899.8/1.2599.8/1.2599.2/1.26
H=10 m133.6/0.94137.7/0.91133.1/0.94132.7/0.94132.8/0.94
H=30 m–––––
H=50 m–
B=50 mH=5 m105.3/1.19110.4/1.13105.7/1.18105.7/1.18105.2/1.19
H=10 m126.5/0.99132.7/0.94127.0/0.98126.9/0.98127.0/0.98
H=30 m158.8/0.79165.4/0.76159.2/0.79159.3/0.78159.2/0.79
H=50 m171.5/0.73178.4/0.70171.9/0.72171.8/0.73171.8/0.73
Table 4.

Percentage utilization for the limit state (Λ) and factor of safety (F) depending on slope geometry and calculation method for compacted fly ash as a mineral sealing layer

Geometrical parametersPercentage utilization Λ (%) / factor of safety F (−) determined by the method:
BishopFellenius/PettersonSpencerJanbuMorgenstern-Price
α=30°B=10 mH=5 m94.1/1.33
H=10 m
H=30 m97.3/1.2899.7/1.2599.6/1.2599.1/1.2698.4/1.27
H=50 m–––––
B=50 mH=5 m94.1/1.33
H=10 m
H=30 m102.0/1.22105.4/1.19102.1/1.22102.1/1.22102.1/1.22
H=50 m107.5/1.16110.3/1.13107.6/1.16107.6/1.16107.6/1.16
α=45°B=10 mH=5 m99.5/1.26106.2/1.1899.8/1.2599.8/1.2599.2/1.26
H=10 m133.6/0.94137.7/0.91133.1/0.94132.6/0.94132.8/0.94
H=30 m–––––
H=50 m–––––
B=50 mH=5 m105.3/1.19110.4/1.13105.7/1.18105.1/1.19105.2/1.19
H=10 m126.5/0.99132.7/0.94127.0/0.98126.9/0.98127.0/0.98
H=30 m158.8/0.79165.4/0.76159.2/0.79159.3/0.78159.2/0.79
H=50 m171.5/0.73178.4/0.70172.4/0.72171.8/0.73171.8/0.73
Figure 3.

Examples of slip surfaces generated with the GEO5 program for classic clay mineral sealing layer: a), b), c) the stability of the structure is preserved, d) the stability of the structure was not preserved

Figure 4.

Examples of slip surfaces generated with the GEO5 program for fly ash as a mineral sealing layer: a) the stability of the structure is preserved, b) the stability of the structure was not preserved

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2023-0056 | Journal eISSN: 2720-6947 (formerly 1899-0142) | Journal ISSN: 1899-0142
Journal RSS Feed
Language: English
Page range: 125 - 133
Submitted on: Apr 28, 2023
Accepted on: Jun 4, 2023
Published on: Dec 31, 2023
Published by: Silesian University of Technology
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: Volume open
Keywords:
Analysis of stability,
Storage of municipal waste,
Sealing layers of landfills,
Waste stability calculations
Related subjects:
Architecture and design,
Architecture,
Architects, buildings

© 2023 Katarzyna Zabielska-Adamska, Justyna Markowska, published by Silesian University of Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 16 (2023): Issue 4 (December 2023)
Previous article
Next article