Analysis of the Degradation Process of Sand-Lime Plasters Under the Impact of Crystallization Pressure

Ślusarek, Jan; Słomka-Słupik, Barbara; Bochen, Jerzy

Analysis of the Degradation Process of Sand-Lime Plasters Under the Impact of Crystallization Pressure

Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment

Volume 16 (2023): Issue 2 (June 2023)

By:

Jan Ślusarek, Barbara Słomka-Słupik and Jerzy Bochen

Open Access

|Jul 2023

Figures & Tables

Degradation of basement wall plaster in the single-family residential building [4]

Tensile strength measurement of plaster while stretching the sample

Polar-symmetric deformation of a thick-walled spherical tank: a) general view of the model, b) load diagram, c) stress distribution (circumferential stress σt = σz, normal stress σr, as in [30])

Schematic of the adopted porous plaster model

Results of tensile strength of the tested sand-lime plaster

Values of circumferential stresses depending on internal radius

Exemplary results of porosimetric tests of sample 3

Crystallization pressure of portlandite for different temperatures and supersaturation degrees

s	P_cryst [MPa]
	273.15 K	283.15 K	293.15 K
1	0	0	0
1.1	12.76	13.23	13.69
1.5	54.28	56.27	58.26
2	92.80	96.19	99.59
5	215.46	223.35	231.24
10	308.26	319.54	330.83

Values of circumferential stresses as a function of expansion pressure

Pa [MPa]	1.0	2.0	3.0	4.0	5.0	6.0	7.0	15.0	20.0
σ_t [MPa]	1.07	2.15	3.22	4.3	5.37	6.44	7.52	16.11	21.4

Parameters of plaster models (Fig_ 4)

Share in pore radii range [%]	Total open porosity [%]	Corresponding radius “a_i” [cm]	Modeled porosity [%]
3.15		a₀ = 0.206	P₀ = 0.8719
23.96	27.68	a₁= 0.405	P₁ = 6.6321
62.08		a₂ = 0.556	P₂ =17.1837
10.81		a₃ = 0.310	P₃ = 2.9922

Crystallization pressure of brucite for different temperatures and supersaturation degrees

s	P_cryst [MPa]
	273.15 K	283.15 K	293.15 K
1	0	0	0
1.1	16.88	17.50	18.12
1.5	71.83	74.46	77.09
2	122.79	127.28	131.79
5	285.10	295.54	305.98
10	407.89	422.83	437.76

Circumferential stresses “σt” for b=1, 1_25 and 1_5

a	P for b=1	σ_t	a	P for b=1.25	σ_t	a	P for b=1.5	σ_t
0.1	0.001	0.502	0.1	0.000512	0.501	0.1	0.000296	0.5
0.15	0.003375	0.505	0.15	0.001728	0.503	0.15	0.001	0.502
0.2	0.008	0.512	0.2	0.004096	0.506	0.2	0.002370	0.504
0.25	0.015625	0.524	0.25	0.008	0.512	0.25	0.004629	0.507
0.3	0.027	0.542	0.3	0.013824	0.521	0.3	0.008	0.512
0.35	0.042875	0.567	0.35	0.021952	0.534	0.35	0.012704	0.519
0.4	0.064	0.603	0.4	0.032768	0.551	0.4	0.018963	0.529
0.5	0.125	0.714	0.5	0.064	0.603	0.5	0.037037	0.558
0.6	0.216	0.913	0.6	0.110592	0.687	0.6	0.064	0.603
0.7	0.343	1.283	0.7	0.175616	0.82	0.7	0.10163	0.67
0.8	0.512	2.074	0.8	0.262144	1.033	0.8	0.151704	0.768
0.9	0.729	4.535	0.9	0.373248	1.393	0.9	0.216	0.913

Circumferential stresses “σt” for b=1_75, 2 and 3

a	P for b=1.75	σ_t	a	P for b=2	σ_t	a	P for b=3	σ_t
0.1	0.000187	0.5	0.1	0.000125	0.5	0.1	0.000037	0.5
0.15	0.000630	0.501	0.15	0.000422	0.501	0.15	0.000125	0.5
0.2	0.001	0.502	0.2	0.001	0.502	0.2	0.000296	0.5
0.25	0.002915	0.504	0.25	0.001953	0.503	0.25	0.000578	0.501
0.3	0.005038	0.508	0.3	0.003375	0.505	0.3	0.001	0.502
0.35	0.008	0.512	0.35	0.005359	0.508	0.35	0.00158	0.5023
0.4	0.011942	0.518	0.4	0.008	0.512	0.4	0.00237	0.504
0.5	0.023324	0.536	0.5	0.015625	0.524	0.5	0.00462	0.507
0.6	0.040303	0.563	0.6	0.027	0.542	0.6	0.008	0.512
0.7	0.064	0.603	0.7	0.042875	0.567	0.7	0.0127	0.519
0.8	0.095534	0.658	0.8	0.064	0.603	0.8	0.019	0.529
0.9	0.136023	0.736	0.9	0.091125	0.65	0.9	0.027	0.542

Crystallization pressure of ettringite for different temperatures and supersaturation degrees

s	P_cryst [MPa]
	273.15 K	283.15 K	293.15 K
1	0	0	0
1.1	4.35	4.51	4.67
1.5	18.52	19.20	19.88
2	31.66	32.82	33.98
5	73.52	76.21	78.90
10	105.18	109.03	112.88

Crystallization pressure of calcite at different temperatures

s	P_cryst [MPa]
	273.15 K	283.15 K	293.15 K
1.000	0	0	0
1.001	0.12	0.13	0.13
1.002	0.25	0.25	0.26
1.003	0.37	0.38	0.39
1.004	0.49	0.51	0.53
1.005	0.61	0.63	0.66
1.006	0.73	0.76	0.79
1.007	0.86	0.89	0.92
1.008	0.98	1.01	1.05
1.009	1.1	1.14	1.18
1.01	1.22	1.26	1.31
1.02	2.43	2.52	2.61
1.03	3.63	3.76	3.89
1.04	4.81	4.99	5.16
1.05	5.98	6.2	6.42
1.06	7.15	7.41	7.67
1.07	8.3	8.6	8.91
1.08	9.44	9.78	10.1
1.09	10.6	11	11.3
1.1	11.7	12.1	12.5
1.5	49.7	51.5	53.4
2	85	88.1	91.2
5	197	205	212
10	282	293	303

Values of circumferential stresses as a function as internal radius

σ_t [MPa]	Pa [MPa]
a [cm]	1.0	2.0	3.0	4.0	5.0	6.0	7.0	15.0	20.0
0.206	0.51	1.03	1.54	2.05	2.57	3.08	3.59	7.70	10.30
0.310	0.55	1.09	1.64	2.18	2.73	3.28	3.82	8.19	10.90
0.398	0.60	1.20	1.80	2.40	3.00	3.61	4.21	9.01	12.02
0.398	0.81	1.62	2.43	3.25	4.06	4.87	5.68	12.2	16.23

Results of porosimetric tests

Tested parameter		Unit	Sample 2	Sample 3
Total surface area		m²/g	1.837	1.440
Volume median pore diameter		μm	1.28	1.84
Apparent density		g/ml	1.89	1.79
Specific gravity		g/ml	2.55	2.48
Open porosity		%	26.01	27.68
Permeability		mdarcy	57.0	68.3
Tortuosity		-	9.7	9.1
Pore size distribution
P3	> 90 μm	%	6.21	5.42
	60–90 μm	%	1.35	1.33
	30–60 μm	%	1.95	4.25
	20–30 μm	%	1.30	3.85
P2	10–20 μm	%	2.32	7.89
	1–10 μm	%	43.56	43.95
	0.5–1 μm	%	16.20	14.04
P1	0.25–0.5 μm	%	10.28	7.23
	0.1–0.25 μm	%	8.45	5.84
	0.05–0.1 μm	%	5.23	4.00
P0	0.025–0.05 μm	%	1.79	1.45
	0.01–0.025 μm	%	1.33	0.75
	0.006–0.01 μm	%	0.03	0.00

Tensile strength of mortar based on standard data [33]

Compressive strength class of mortar [MPa]	f_m [MPa]	f_mx [MPa]	f_m,t [MPa]
M15	15	3.5	1.98
M10	10	2.5	1.43
M5	5	1.6	0.95
M2.5	2.5	0.8	0.48

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2023-0023 | Journal eISSN: 2720-6947 | Journal ISSN: 1899-0142

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Language: English

Page range: 137 - 149

Submitted on: Apr 26, 2022

Accepted on: Mar 1, 2023

Published on: Jul 20, 2023

Published by: Silesian University of Technology

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 times per year

Keywords:

Plaster,

Pore structure,

Salinity, Spherical model,

Crystallization pressure,

Tensile strength

Related subjects:

Architecture and design,

Architecture,

Architects, buildings

© 2023 Jan Ślusarek, Barbara Słomka-Słupik, Jerzy Bochen, published by Silesian University of Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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Analysis of the Degradation Process of Sand-Lime Plasters Under the Impact of Crystallization Pressure

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Figure 4.

Figure 5.

Figure 6.

Figure 7.

Crystallization pressure of portlandite for different temperatures and supersaturation degrees

Values of circumferential stresses as a function of expansion pressure

Parameters of plaster models (Fig_ 4)

Crystallization pressure of brucite for different temperatures and supersaturation degrees

Circumferential stresses “σt” for b=1, 1_25 and 1_5

Circumferential stresses “σt” for b=1_75, 2 and 3

Crystallization pressure of ettringite for different temperatures and supersaturation degrees

Crystallization pressure of calcite at different temperatures

Values of circumferential stresses as a function as internal radius

Results of porosimetric tests

Tensile strength of mortar based on standard data [33]

Paradigm

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