Cholelithiasis – a particular threat to women. A review of risk factors

In Poland, cholelithiasis affects approximately 20% of the population and require approximately 45.000 cholecystectomies per year. Women, especially mature women, are more at risk of developing this condition. Hormonal and reproductive factors are the reason for higher incidence in women. In this publication, we review significant factors affecting this situation. The anatomical structure of the gallbladder may have a significant impact on the course of the cholecystectomy, and the occurrence of any intra- or post-operative complications. The pathomechanism of cholelithiasis is described, as well as the basic risk factors.