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Effectiveness of cryotherapy in reducing AV fistula puncture pain in hemodialysis patients Cover

Effectiveness of cryotherapy in reducing AV fistula puncture pain in hemodialysis patients

Frontiers of Nursing
Volume 13 (2026): Issue 2 (June 2026)
By:  and    
Open Access
|Jul 2026
Figures & tables

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Pain level during AV fistula vein puncture among hemodialysis patients before (pre-test) and after (post-test) intervention. Note: AVF, arteriovenous fistula.

Figure 2.

AVF, arteriovenous fistula.

Table 1.

Pain scores during AVF cannulation among hemodialysis patients.

Group & testMeanSDt
Experimental15.45**
  Pre-test3.50.8
  Post-test2.60.6
Control14.67
  Pre-test4.50.9
  Post-test4.40.8

1 Note: AVF, arteriovenous fistula;

1** p<0.01 (highly statistically significant).

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/FON-2026-0029 | Journal eISSN: 2544-8994 | Journal ISSN: 2097-5368
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Language: English
Page range: 251 - 258
Submitted on: Jul 30, 2025
Accepted on: Aug 21, 2025
Published on: Jul 3, 2026
Published by: Shanxi Medical Periodical Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Keywords:
AV fistula cannulation,
hemodialysis,
local cryotherapy,
non-pharmacological intervention,
nursing care,
pain relief
Related subjects:
Medicine,
Assistive professions, nursing

© 2026 Kannanaickal B Chinju Verghese, K Prabhu, published by Shanxi Medical Periodical Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 13 (2026): Issue 2 (June 2026)
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