Risk for physical inactivity due to inadequate health literacy among 3742 middle-aged Japanese adults_
| Variables | Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI) for physical inactivity | P |
|---|---|---|
| Health literacy | ||
| High health literacy group | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Medium health literacy group | 1.36 (1.16–1.59) | <0.001 |
| Low health literacy group | 1.70 (1.36–2.11) | <0.001 |
| Covariates in the same model | ||
| Age (years) | ||
| 60–64 | 1.0 (reference) | |
| 50–59 | 1.39 (1.16–1.67) | <0.001 |
| 40–49 | 1.63 (1.34–1.98) | <0.001 |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Female | 1.55 (1.34–1.80) | <0.001 |
| Education level | ||
| >12 years | 1.0 (reference) | |
| 9–12 years | 0.95 (0.82–1.10) | 0.472 |
| Occupation | ||
| Presence | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Absence | 1.30 (1.05–1.61) | 0.016 |
| Economic status | ||
| Very good and good | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Average | 1.22 (0.98–1.52) | 0.077 |
| Poor and very poor | 1.52 (1.26–1.84) | <0.001 |
| Living alone | ||
| No | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Yes | 0.95 (0.77–1.17) | 0.616 |
| Stages of health behavior change | ||
| Non-precontemplation stage | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Precontemplation stage | 1.05 (0.90–1.22) | 0.548 |
Descriptivestatistics of health literacy, sociodemographic factors, stages of health behavior change, and physical inactivity among 3742 middle-aged Japanese adults_
| Variables | n (%) or Mean ± SD |
|---|---|
| Health literacy* | |
| High health literacy group | 1281 (34.2) |
| Medium health literacy group | 1473 (39.4) |
| Low health literacy group | 988 (26.4) |
| Mean CCHL scale score (points) | 3.5 ± 0.8 |
| Age (years) | |
| 60–64 | 859 (23.0) |
| 50–59 | 1657 (44.3) |
| 40–49 | 1226 (32.8) |
| Mean age (years) | 53.2 ± 6.7 |
| Gender | |
| Male | 1718 (45.9) |
| Female | 2024 (54.1) |
| Education level | |
| >12 years | 1747 (46.7) |
| 9–12 years | 1995 (53.3) |
| Occupation | |
| Presence | 3202 (85.6) |
| Absence | 540 (14.4) |
| Economic status | |
| Very good and good | 680 (18.2) |
| Average | 829 (22.2) |
| Poor and very poor | 2233 (59.7) |
| Living alone | |
| No | 3244 (86.7) |
| Yes | 498 (13.3) |
| Stages of health behavior change | |
| Non-precontemplation stage | 2496 (66.7) |
| Precontemplation stage | 1246 (33.3) |
| Physical inactivity | 2621 (70.0) |
Differences in physical inactivity according to health literacy, sociodemographic factors, and stages of health behavior change among 3742 middle-aged Japanese adults_
| Variables | Percentage (%) of physical inactivity | P |
|---|---|---|
| Health literacy | <0.001 | |
| High health literacy group | 64.5 | |
| Medium health literacy group | 71.9 | |
| Low health literacy group | 74.5 | |
| Age (years) | <0.001 | |
| 60–64 | 64.1 | |
| 50–59 | 70.6 | |
| 40–49 | 73.4 | |
| Gender | <0.001 | |
| Male | 66.2 | |
| Female | 73.3 | |
| Education level | 0.794 | |
| >12 years | 69.8 | |
| 9–12 years | 70.2 | |
| Occupation | 0.021 | |
| Presence | 69.3 | |
| Absence | 74.3 | |
| Economic status | <0.001 | |
| Very good and good | 62.5 | |
| Average | 68.4 | |
| Poor and very poor | 73.0 | |
| Living alone | 0.474 | |
| No | 70.3 | |
| Yes | 68.7 | |
| Stages of health behavior change | 0.315 | |
| Non-precontemplation stage | 69.5 | |
| Precontemplation stage | 71.1 |
Risk for physical inactivity due to inadequate health literacy among 3742 middle-aged Japanese adults: age-stratified analysis_
| Variables | n (%) | Percentage (%) of physical inactivity | Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI) for physical inactivity | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 60–64 years | ||||
| High health literacy group | 289 (7.7) | 58.1 | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Medium health literacy group | 327 (8.7) | 64.8 | 1.25 (0.90–1.75) | 0.188 |
| Low health literacy group | 243 (6.5) | 70.4 | 1.57 (1.08–2.28) | 0.019 |
| 50–59 years | ||||
| High health literacy group | 565 (15.1) | 64.4 | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Medium health literacy group | 669 (17.9) | 73.2 | 1.46 (1.14–1.87) | 0.003 |
| Low health literacy group | 423 (11.3) | 74.7 | 1.57 (1.18–2.10) | 0.002 |
| 40–49 years | ||||
| High health literacy group | 427 (11.4) | 68.9 | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Medium health literacy group | 477 (12.7) | 74.8 | 1.35 (1.01–1.81) | 0.041 |
| Low health literacy group | 322 (8.6) | 77.3 | 1.55 (1.10–2.19) | 0.012 |