Analysis relationship between body composition and blood pressure among rural adults†

Yunus Elon; Evelin Malinti; Joshua H. L. Tobing; Samuel Maju Simanjuntak

doi:10.2478/FON-2026-0007

Abstract

Objective

Hypertension is a serious public health concern that is influenced by a variety of body composition parameters. This study examines the associations between body composition metrics and blood pressure (BP) in a rural population, specifically how variations in body fat distribution and other metrics affect systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP).

Methods

A cross-sectional study of 226 participants examined the relationships between body composition metrics—such as total body fat, visceral fat, and body mass index (BMI)—and BP Correlation and regression analyses were used to assess these relationships.

Results

The study found substantial positive correlations between visceral fat and total body fat with both SBP and DBP Visceral fat was strongly connected with both SBP (r = 0.145, P = 0.030) and DBP (r = 0.331, P < 0.01), while total body fat was significantly correlated with DBP (r = 0.268, P < 0.01) but not SBP Body composition variables explained 12.8% of the variance in SBP (R² = 0.128, P = 0.001) and 15.0% in DBP (R² = 0.150, P < 0.001).

Conclusions

The study found substantial connections between body composition, particularly visceral and subcutaneous fat and systolic and DBF. Higher levels of visceral fat were linked to elevate BP Body composition accounted for a significant amount of BP fluctuation.

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