FIGURE 1.
FIGURE 2.
FIGURE 3.
FIGURE 4.
FIGURE 5.
FIGURE 6.
FIGURE 7.
FIGURE 8.
FIGURE 9.
FIGURE 10.
FIGURE 11.
Reinforcement details of self-compacting concrete deep beams
| Beam ID | Group | Longitudinal reinforcement | Web reinforcement | Skin reinforcement | Steel plate width [mm] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DB-control | control | ø10 mm @ 100 | 4ø10 mm | – | |
| DB-web-2 | 1 | top 2ø10 mm | 2 mm steel plate | 4ø10 mm | 39 |
| DB-web-3 | 3 mm steel plate | 4ø10 mm | 26 | ||
| DB-web-4 | 4 mm steel plate | 4ø10 mm | 19.5 | ||
| DB-skn-2 | 2 | bottom 4ø16 mm | ø10 mm @ 100 | 2 mm steel plate | 39 |
| DB-skn-3 | ø10 mm @ 100 | 3 mm steel plate | 26 | ||
| DB-skn-4 | ø10 mm @ 100 | 4 mm steel plate | 19.5 |
Summary of test results
| Beam ID | First crack load [kN] | Ultimate load [kN] | (Pu–Pu control)/ /(Pu control) [%] | Failure mode |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DB-control | 50 | 425 | 1 | strut compression failure |
| DB-web-2 | 55 | 312 | -26 | diagonal splitting failure |
| DB-web-3 | 55 | 344 | -19 | diagonal splitting failure |
| DB-web-4 | 40 | 470 | 11 | strut compression failure |
| DB-skn-2 | 60 | 355 | -16 | diagonal splitting failure |
| DB-skn-3 | 50 | 418 | -2 | diagonal splitting failure |
| DB-skn-4 | 40 | 432 | 2 | diagonal splitting failure |
Mechanical properties of steel bars and plates
| Property | ø10 | ø16 | 2 mm steel plate | 3 mm steel plate | 4 mm steel plate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yield strength [N·mm−2] | 520 | 563 | 390 | 320 | 250 |
| Tensile strength [N·mm−2] | 610 | 682.94 | 440 | 380 | 340 |
Comparison of the ultimate load between the experimental test and the numerical simulation
| Beam | Pu exp [kN] | Pu FEM [kN] | Increase in FEM over experimental [%] |
|---|---|---|---|
| DB-control | 425 | 435 | 2.3 |
| DB-web-2 | 312 | 330 | 5.7 |
| DB-web-3 | 344 | 376 | 9.3 |
| DB-web-4 | 470 | 486 | 3.4 |
| DB-skn-2 | 355 | 362 | 1.9 |
| DB-skn-3 | 418 | 427 | 2.1 |
| DB-skn-4 | 432 | 441 | 2.0 |