Differences in affect integration in children with and without internalizing difficulties

Variable	Internalizing group			Control group			Between-group differences		Effect sizes
	n	Mean	Sd	n	Mean	Sd	U	p	η ²	d
Internalizing problems	33	68.70	9.0	24	46.92	8.53	30.0	<.001**	0.61	2.52
Affect Consciousness ¹	33	3.28	0.62	24	4.25	0.56	87.5	<.001**	0.44	1.76
Awareness ²	33	3.67	0.82	24	4.56	0.60	152.0	<.001**	0.27	1.23
Tolerance	32	3.71	0.58	24	4.54	0.51	110.5	<.001**	0.37	1.52
Emotional Expressivity	33	3.51	0.67	24	4.69	0.64	73.0	<.001**	0.48	1.91
Conceptual Expressivity	33	2.30	0.67	24	3.20	0.79	151.5	<.001**	0.27	1.23
Interest/Excitement ³	33	3.82	1.07	24	4.78	0.67	179.5	<.001**	0.22	1.05
Enjoyment/Joy	33	3.97	1.03	24	4.81	0.48	181.5	<.001**	0.21	1.03
Fear/Panic	33	3.27	0.98	24	4.27	0.90	171.0	<.001**	0.23	1.10
Anger/Rage	33	3.14	0.76	24	4.40	0.90	118.5	<.001**	0.35	1.48
Shame/Humiliation	33	2.26	0.67	23	3.08	1.04	201.5	.003*	0.16	0.86
Sadness/Despair	33	3.02	0.79	24	4.10	0.97	155.5	<.001**	0.27	1.20
Envy/Jealousy	33	2.46	1.15	24	3.43	1.43	244.0	.014*	0.11	0.69
Guilt/Remorse	33	3.12	1.15	24	3.98	1.15	234.0	.009*	0.12	0.74
Tenderness/Care	33	4.46	1.17	24	5.30	0.63	168.0	<.001**	0.24	1.12

1 Note. U: Mann-Whitney U-test

2* p ≤ .05;

3** p < .001

41 The Affect Consciousness score was calculated as a mean of all scores

52 The scores for dimensions Awareness, Tolerance, Emotional Expressivity and Conceptual Expressivity were calculated as the mean for each dimension across all affects

63 Integration of individual affective categories were calculated as the mean across the four dimensions

Visual representations of between-group differences in affect integration

TABLE 2.

Correlations between overall affect integration and dimensions

Variable	n	Affect Consciousness	Awareness	Tolerance	Emotional Expressivity	Conceptual Expressivity
Affect Consciousness	57	-
Awareness	57	.89**	-
Tolerance	56	.90**	.80**	-
Emotional Expressivity	57	.94**	.81**	.82**	-
Conceptual Expressivity	57	.85**	.60**	.66**	.73**	-

1* p ≤ .05;

2** p < .001

TABLE 3.

Correlations between affective categories

Variable	n	Interest Excitement	Enjoyment Joy	Fear Panic	Anger Rage	Shame Humiliation	Sadness Despair	Envy Jealousy	Guilt Remorse	Tenderness Care
Interest Excitement	57	-
Enjoyment Joy	57	.66**	-
Fear Panic	57	.39*	.43**	-
Anger Rage	57	.36*	.22	.66**	-
Shame Humiliation	56	.26	.37*	.37*	.28*	-
Sadness Despair	57	.50**	.38*	.50**	.50**	.42*	-
Envy Jealousy	57	.44**	.49**	.41*	.23	.30*	.25	-
Guilt Remorse	57	.45**	.50**	.36*	.24	.40*	.52**	.41**	-
Tenderness Care	57	.58**	.51**	.35*	.40*	.37*	.49**	.39*	.33*	-

1* p ≤ .05;

2** p < .001

References

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Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/sjcapp-2021-016 | Journal eISSN: 2245-8875

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Language: English

Page range: 147 - 159

Submitted on: Mar 2, 2021

Accepted on: Jul 6, 2021

Published online: Jul 23, 2021

Published in print: Jan 1, 2021

Published by: Center for Evidence-based Psychiatry

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

Keywords:

Affect consciousness,

emotional complexity,

Related subjects:

Basic medical science,

Basic medical science, other

© 2021 Charlotte Fiskum, Tonje Grønning Andersen, Unni Tanum Johns, Karl Jacobsen, published by Center for Evidence-based Psychiatry
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 9 (2021): Issue 1 (January 2021)

Differences in affect integration in children with and without internalizing difficulties

Figures & Tables

TABLE 1.

Figure 1.

TABLE 2.

TABLE 3.

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