Cyberbullying: relationship with developmental variables and cyber victimization▪

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1. Cyberbullying
2. Cyber victimization	0.58**
3. Peer relations	0.10**	−0.11**
4. Expressive repression	−0.06*	0.03	0.02
5. Commitment	−0.03	−0.03	−0.54**	−0.02
6. In-depth exploration	0.06**	0.07*	0.34**	−0.09**	0.43**
7. Reconsideration of commitment	0.00	0.01	−0.16**	0.13**	−0.13**	0.26**
Sample mean	12.66	13.26	3.63	14.88	3.79	3.11	2.27
Standard deviation	3.56	3.99	0.58	4.84	0.96	0.85	1.05

1 Notes. N = 1,151. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01

Standardized Coefficient of Cross-Sectional Model of Cyberbullying (p > 0.05)

TABLE 2.

The descriptive statistics and correlations between variables

	Cyberbullying T1	Cyber victimization T1	Cyberbullying T2	Cyber victimization T2
Cyberbullying T1	1
Cyber victimization T1	0.58**	1
Cyberbullying T2	0.56**	0.42**	1
Cyber victimization T2	0.41**	0.55**	0.64**	1
M	12.66	13.26	12.49	13.24
SD	3.56	3.99	3.72	3.84

1 Notes. N = 322. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ^***p < 0.001

TABLE 3.

The hierarchic regression analysis results

Predicted variables	Predictor variables	B	SEr	β
CV (T2)
Model 1	Constant	5.58	0.69
Model 1	CV(T1)	0.57	0.05	0.52**
Model 2	Constant	5.41	0.87
	CV (T1)	0.55	0.06	0.51**
	CB (T1)	0.02	0.08	0.02
Note: For Model 1 R² = 0.27 (p < 0.001); for Model 2 ΔR² = 0.00 (p > 0.001)
CB (T2)
Model 1	Constant	6.00	0.64
Model 1	CB (T1)	0.51	0.05	0.48**
Model 2	Constant	5.11	0.66
	CB(T1)	0.37	0.06	0.35**
	CV (T1)	0.20	0.05	0.24**
Note: For Model 1 R² = 0.23 (p < 0.001); for Model 2 ΔR² = 0.04 (p < 0.001)

1 Notes. N = 322. **p < 0.00 CV (T1): Cyber victimization at Time 1; CV (T2): Cyber victimization at Time 2; CB (T1): Cyberbullying at Time 1; CB (T2): Cyberbullying at Time 2

The cross-lagged panel model of cyber victimization and cyberbullying with four months interval.
Non-significant paths are dotted. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/sjcapp-2020-004 | Journal eISSN: 2245-8875

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Language: English

Page range: 25 - 37

Published online: Mar 18, 2020

Published in print: Jan 1, 2020

Published by: Center for Evidence-based Psychiatry

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

Keywords:

cyber victimization,

cyberbullying,

identity development,

peer relations,

expressive repression,

cross-lagged panel design

Related subjects:

Medicine,

Basic medical science,

Basic medical science, other

© 2020 Gülendam Akgül, Müge Artar, published by Center for Evidence-based Psychiatry
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 8 (2020): Issue 1 (January 2020)

Cyberbullying: relationship with developmental variables and cyber victimization▪

Figures & Tables

FIGURE 1.

TABLE 1.

FIGURE 2.

TABLE 2.

TABLE 3.

FIGURE 3.

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