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A Longitudinal Network Analysis of the German Knowledge Economy from 2009 to 2019: Spatio-Temporal Dynamics at the City–Firm Nexus

Journal of Social Structure
Volume 21 (2020): Issue 1 (January 2020)
By:
Open Access
|Nov 2020

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Schematic representation of our two-mode network.
Schematic representation of our two-mode network.

Figure 2.

Overview of hypotheses
Overview of hypotheses

Figure 3.

Change in indegree distribution for the German FUAs.
Change in indegree distribution for the German FUAs.

j_joss-2020-005_tab_005

Null modelModel 1Model 2Full model
EstimateStandard errorConvergence t-ratioEstimateStandard errorConvergence t-ratioEstimateStandard errorConvergence t-ratioEstimateStandard errorConvergence t-ratio
Density −1.0048 (0.0398)0.0435 −4.4373 (0.1566)−0.0639 −5.4984 (0.3784)−0.0069 −3.6868 (0.2869)0.0304
Preferential attachment 0.4466 (0.0155)−0.0730 0.4583 (0.0377)0.0122 0.4078 (0.0560)0.0209
Spatial proximity 0.0151 (0.0016)−0.0308 0.0076 (0.0019)−0.0746 0.0070 (0.0021)0.0162
Location expansion 0.2874 (0.0504)−0.0303 1.0295 (0.1279)0.0286
Network closure 0.0007(0.0006)−0.0152 0.0132 (0.0013)0.0354
FUA employment 0.8598 (0.1261)0.0154
Assortativity −0.3041 (0.0391)0.0450
Overall max. convergence ratio 0.04350.07540.15700.2342

Changes in network 2009–2019_

20092019Change
Network density 0.0860.099□
Number of ties 22272559640 new ties308 deleted ties1919 maintained ties□
Jaccard index 0.669

Modeling results_

Null modelFull model
EstimateStandard errorConvergence t-ratioEstimateStandard errorConvergence t-ratio
Density −1.0048 (0.0398)0.0435 −3.6868 (0.2869)0.0304
Preferential attachment 0.4078 (0.0560)0.0209
Spatial proximity 0.0070 (0.0021)0.0162
Employment 0.8598 (0.1261)0.0154
Location expansion 1.0295 (0.1279)0.0286
Network closure 0.0132 (0.0013)0.0354
Assortativity −0.3041 (0.0391)0.0450
Overall max. convergence ratio 0.0435 0.2342

Translation of effects to be tested into RSiena_

HypothesisEffectRSiena nameForFormula
Density effect s i ( x ) = x i + x i + − j x i j s: effect; i: focal actor x i+: outgoing tie from i x ij =1 indicates presence of a tie from i to j x ij =0 indicates absence of a tie from i to j
1 Firm activityOutdegree-related activity (sqrt) effect s i ( x ) = x i + 1.5 = x i + x i +
2 Preferential attachmentIndegree-related popularity (sqrt) effect s i ( x ) = − j x i j x + j = − j x i j − h x h j Sum of the square roots of the indegrees of the others to whom i is tied
3 Firm-FUA assortativityOut/in degree^(1/2) assortativity s i ( x ) = − j x i j x i + 1 / 2 x j + 1 / 2 Differential tendency for actors with high outdegrees to be tied to actors with high indegrees
4 Network closureNumber of four-cycles s i ( x ) = 1 4 − j , k , h all different x i j x i k x h j x h k
5 Spatial spread XW → X closure of covariate X: network in the role of the dependent variable W: effects that determine the dynamics of network X (here: geographic distance) s i ( x ) = − j − h x i j x i h w h j
6 (FUA employment)Covariate-related popularity s i ( x ) = − j x i j v j Sum of the covariate over all actors to whom i has a tie

Descriptive and modeling results for the three sectors_

Financial sectorsService sectorsCreative sectors
Sub-sectors Banking and finance, insuranceLaw, accounting, management/IT consultingInformation and communication services, Design, architecture and engineering, advertising and media
#x03A3;35 firms56 firms36 firms
Jaccard index 0.7500.7230.518
Preferential attachment −0.01 0.06 0.01
FUA employment 0.22 0.60 0.88
Location expansion – 0.04 0.04
Assortativity –−0.03–

j_joss-2020-005_tab_006

Banking and finance
Deutsche BankHSH Nordbank AG
Commerzbank AGKreissparkasse Köln
DZ Bank AGDeutsche Postbank AG
Landesbank Baden-WürttembergDekaBank Deutsche Girozentrale
BayernLBBerliner Volksbank
Hamburger Sparkasse AGGruppe Deutsche Börse
Landesbank Hessen-ThüringenING-DiBa AG
Sparkasse Köln BonnAareal Bank AG
NordLB
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/joss-2020-005 | Journal eISSN: 1529-1227 | Journal ISSN: 2300-0422
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Language: English
Page range: 107 - 133
Published on: Nov 25, 2020
Published by: International Network for Social Network Analysis (INSNA)
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 times per year
Keywords:
Intra-firm networks,
Spatio-temporal dynamics,
Stochastic actor-oriented models,
Two-mode networks,
Germany,
Advanced producer services
Related subjects:
Social sciences,
Social sciences, other

© 2020 Silke Zöllner, Stefan Lüthi, Alain Thierstein, published by International Network for Social Network Analysis (INSNA)
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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