Figure 1.
Fruchterman-Reingold layout of directed Twitter following/follower ties among Saveuer network food bloggers (N = 44). Nodes represent individual food bloggers, color-coded by topical subcategory. Arrow color indicates tie reciprocity: Black arrows indicate reciprocal ties; Red arrows indicate unreciprocated ties. Node spacing is algorithmically determined by the density of ties.
Table 1.
Density of Directed Twitter Following and Follower Ties Among Food Bloggers Representing Eight Topical Subcategories of Food Blogs (N = 44)
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Baking and desserts | .43 | .14 | .58** | .03 | .20 | .07 | .50* | .07 |
| 2. Cocktails | .19 | 1.0*** | .19 | .07 | .03 | .10 | .14 | .17 |
| 3. Cooking | .47 | .08 | .83** | .20 | .23 | .03 | .58** | .00 |
| 4. Culinary travel | .13 | .10 | .13 | .65* | .04 | .12 | .07 | .08 |
| 5. Family cooking | .20 | .07 | .27 | .04 | .40 | .08 | .23 | .04 |
| 6. Regional cuisine | .13 | .13 | .27 | .16 | .08 | .40 | .17 | .04 |
| 7. Special diet | .39 | .03 | .64** | .03 | .03 | .00 | .70** | .00 |
| 8. Wine or beer | .10 | .13 | .03 | .08 | .04 | .04 | .00 | .20 |
1 Note. Density values are represented as proportions, with 0.0 indicating none of the possible directed ties were observed, and 1.0 indicating all possible directed ties were observed. Values along the central diagonal are the density of ties among bloggers from the same topical subcategory. Values in the upper right triangle are the density of outgoing ties (i.e., Twitter following relationships). Values in the lower left triangle are the density of incoming ties (i.e., Twitter follower relationships). Significance values were derived from a structural blockmodel ANOVA density test. * p < .05. ** p < .01. *** p < .001.
Table 2.
Descriptive Statistics of Blogger Attributes: Twitter Use, Outreach, and Popularity (N = 44)
| Attribute | Mean | Standard Deviation | Median | Range (min-max) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of tweets | 5667 | 6564 | 3075 | 132 to 27966 |
| Number of favorited tweets | 1197 | 1901 | 470 | 0 to 9595 |
| Overall Twitter following | 784 | 724 | 539 | 6 to 3199 |
| Overall Twitter followers | 3808 | 5022 | 2170 | 177 to 30529 |
| Saveur network following | 9 | 6 | 10 | 0 to 20 |
| Saveur network followers | 9 | 7 | 7 | 0 to 22 |
Table 3.
Quadratic Assignment Procedure (QAP) Correlations Among Differences in Blogger Attributes: Twitter Use, Outreach, and Popularity (N = 44)
| Variable | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Number of tweets | -- | |||||
| 2. Number of favorited tweets | 0.39* | -- | ||||
| 3. Overall Twitter following | 0.58** | 0.02 | -- | |||
| 4. Overall Twitter followers | 0.60*** | 0.09 | 0.57*** | -- | ||
| 5. Saveur network following | -0.13 | 0.25* | -0.03 | -0.19 | -- | |
| 6. Saveur network followers | -0.13 | 0.32* | -0.18 | 0.09 | 0.73*** | -- |
1 Note. Number of tweets and favorited tweets are measures of Twitter use. Twitter following relationships (Overall Twitter and Saveur Network following) are measures of outreach. Twitter follower relationships (Overall Twitter and Saveur Network followers) are measures of popularity. * p < .05. ** p < .01. *** p < .001.