Figure 1:
Figure 2:
Figure 3:
Figure 4:
Morphometric data for Pterotylenchus cecidogenus, including those characterized in the present study, those reported in the original description, and those from reference populations of Orrina phyllobia (=Ditylenchus phyllobius)_
| Measurement | Pterotylenchus cecidogenus (females)1 n = 23 | Pterotylenchus cecidogenus (females)2 n = 30 | Orrina phyllobia (females)3 n = 20 | Ditylenchus phyllobius(females)4 n = not available | Ditylenchus phyllobius(females)5 n = not available |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body length | 708.4 ± 36.5 (646.4–790.3) | 640 (590–800) | 696.2 (637–785) | (590–840) | 684 (592–838) |
| a | 30.5 ± 1.8 (26.5–33.7) | 28 (22–35) | 31.6 (22.5–39) | (20–32) | 25 (20–32) |
| c | 12.5 ± 1.6 (11.1–17.4) | 11.0 (9.6–12.5) | 18.3 (17–19.6) | (11.4–17.6) | 14.6 (11.4–17.6) |
| c´ | 4.2 ± 0.4 (2.8–4.8) | 4.5 (3.6–5.2) | 4.4 (3.5–5.6) | (2.9–4.5) | 3.7 (2.9–4.5) |
| V% | 82 ± 0.9 (80.0–84.3) | 82 (80.0–84.0) | 79.2 (78–81) | (78–85) | 81 (78–84) |
| Stylet | 9.1 ± 2.4 (5.2–11.9) | 9.5 (8.0–11.0) | 9 (8–9) | (9–10) | (9–11) |
| Max. body diameter | 23.2 ± 1.3 (21.0–26.6) | 22 (20.0–25.0) | - | - | - |
| Anal body diameter | 13.5 ± 1.0 (11.8–14.9) | - | - | - | - |
| Tail length | 57,6 ± 6.1 (40.4–64.1) | 60 (53.0–68.0) | - | - | - |
Information of sequences D2-D3 and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) downloaded from GenBank and obtained in the present study_
| Species name | Location | Host plant | D2-D3 accession number | ITSaccession number | Reference or source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P. cecidogenus | Colombia | D. ovalifolium | MW208689; MW208690; MZ404621; MZ404622; MZ404623; MZ404624; MZ404625; MZ404626; MZ404627; MZ404628; MZ404629; MZ404630 | MZ449098;MZ449099;MZ449100;MZ449101;MZ449102;MZ449103;MZ449104;MZ449105;MZ449106;MZ449107;MZ449108;MZ449109;MZ449110 | Present study |
| Anguina tritici | China | Triticum sp. | DQ328723; KC818620 | - | Subbotin et al. (2006) |
| Anguina graminis | Russia | Festuca rubra | - | AF396351 | Subbotin et al. (2004) |
| Anguina wevelli | USA | Eragrostis curvula | - | AM888393; KU052862 | Song et al. (2015) |
| Anguina amsinckiae | USA | Amsinckia sp. | - | MK032870 | Cid del Prado Vera et al. (2018) |
| Subanguina chilensis | Chile | - | DQ328724 | - | Subbotin et al. (2006) |
| Subanguina moxae | China | Artemisia argyi | JN885540 | - | Yao et al. (2012) |
| Subanguina radicicola | Belgium; China | Poa sp. | DQ328721 | AF396365; JN885538 | (Subbotin et al., 2004; Subbotin et al., 2006) |
| Subanguina danthoniae | USA | Danthonia californica | - | MK032869 | Cid del Prado Vera et al. (2018) |
| Heteroanguina graminophila | Russia | Calamagrostis spp. | DQ328720 | AF396315; AF396318 | (Subbotin et al., 2004; Subbotin et al., 2006) |
| Mesoanguina millefolii | Russia | - | DQ328722 | - | Subbotin et al. (2006) |
| Ditylenchus destructor | Russia; Poland; China; Iran | Solanum tuberosum; Ipomoea batatas | DQ328727; EU400639; HQ235698 | KC923223; KC923224 | (Subbotin et al., 2006; Subbotin et al., 2011; Jeszke et al., 2013; Mahmoudi et al., 2020) |
| Ditylenchus dipsaci | Yemen; Mexico | Allium sativum; Medicago sativa | JF327759 | KY348764 | Rosas-Hernández et al. (2017) |
| Ditylenchus gallaeformans | Brazil | Miconia albicans; Miconia coralline; Leandra lacunosa | JQ429769; JQ429770 | JQ429778; JQ429779 | Oliveira et al. (2013) |
| Ditylenchus drepanocercus | Brazil | Miconia calvescens | JQ429772 | - | Oliveira et al. (2013) |
| Ditylenchus oncogenus | Italy | Sonchus bulbosus | KF612015 | - | Vovlas et al. (2015) |
| Ditylenchus phyllobius | Mexico | Solanum elaeagnifolium | KT192617, KT192618 | KT192615; KT192616 | Medina et al. (2016) |
| Ditylenchus persicus | Iran | Vitis vinifera | KX463285 | KX463286 | Esmaeili et al. (2017) |
| Ditylenchus weischeri | Canada | Cirsium arvense | MG551902 | MG386845 | Madani and Tenuta (2018) |
| Ditylenchus gigas | Italy; Iran | Vicia faba; Allium sativum | HQ219216 | KJ653270 | Vovlas et al. (2011) |
| Ditylenchus arachis | China | Arachis hypogaea | KX426054 | JN635037; JX040545 | Zhang et al. (2014) |
| Ditylenchus halictus | Germany | Halictus sexcinctus | AY589364 | - | Ye et al. (2007) |
| Ditylenchus gilanicus | Iran | Fagus orientalis | MG742325 | - | Yaghoubi et al. (2018) |
| Cervidellus cervus | USA | Ferocactus | HM452377 | - | Bostrom et al., (2011) |
| Radopholus similis | Colombia | Musa sp. | - | GQ281456 | Múnera et al. (2010) |
Parasitic and ecological parameters of nematodes in rhizospheric soil of Desmodium ovalifolium_
| Nematode genus | Absolute frequency | Relative frequency | Absolute density | Relative density | Prominence value | Relative prominence value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Helicotylenchus | 33.3 | 28,6 | 32,7 | 47,6 | 188,7 | 64,4 |
| Tylenchorhynchus | 23.3 | 20 | 14,5 | 21,1 | 70 | 23,9 |
| Xiphinema | 20 | 17,2 | 10,5 | 15,3 | 46,96 | 16 |
| Meloidogyne | 13,3 | 11,4 | 4 | 5,8 | 14,6 | 4,98 |
| Pterotylenchus | 10 | 8,6 | 3,5 | 5,1 | 11,1 | 3,8 |
| Pratylenchus | 6,7 | 5,7 | 1,5 | 2,2 | 3,9 | 1,33 |
| Criconemella | 6,7 | 5,7 | 1,3 | 1,9 | 3,4 | 1,16 |
| Trichodorus | 3,3 | 2,8 | 0,7 | 1 | 1,3 | 0,44 |
Parasitic and ecological parameters of nematodes associated with Desmodium ovalifolium roots_
| Nematode | Absolute frequency | Relative frequency | Absolute density | Relative density | Prominence value | Relative prominence value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Meloidogyne | 33,3 | 30,2 | 8,7 | 25,2 | 50,2 | 30,5 |
| Pterotylenchus | 13,3 | 12,1 | 12,8 | 37,1 | 46,7 | 28,3 |
| Helicotylenchus | 30 | 27,3 | 6,2 | 18 | 34 | 20,6 |
| Pratylenchus | 26,7 | 24,3 | 6,3 | 18,3 | 32,6 | 19,8 |
| Xiphinema | 6,7 | 5,9 | 0,5 | 1,4 | 1,3 | 0,76 |
Locations of plantations sampled for the recognition of nematodes in Desmodium ovalifolium_
| Sample No. | Coordinate Length | Latitude | Location | Oil palm planting year | Presence of galls in D. ovalifolium |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 6,7073 | ‒74,0007 | Puerto Parra (Santander) | 2013 | + |
| 2 | 6,7073 | ‒73,9994 | Puerto Parra (Santander) | 2012 | + |
| 3 | 6,7722 | ‒74,0502 | Puerto Parra (Santander) | 2013 | + |
| 4 | 6,9736 | ‒73,6815 | Barrancabermeja (Santander) | 2012 | + |
| 5 | 6,9066 | ‒73,6816 | San Vicente de Chucurí (Santander) | 2007 | + |
| 6 | 6,9823 | ‒73,6232 | San Vicente de Chucurí (Santander) | 2004 | + |
| 7 | 7,0328 | ‒73,5576 | San Vicente de Chucurí (Santander) | 2010 | ‒ |
| 8 | 7,2072 | ‒73,5793 | Puerto Wilches (Santander) | 2013 | + |
| 9 | 7,2636 | ‒73,5804 | Rio Negro (Santander) | 2012 | ‒ |
| 10 | 7,6562 | ‒73,5765 | Rio Negro (Santander) | 2012 | ‒ |
| 11 | 7,2308 | ‒73,5588 | Sabana de Torres (Santander) | 2001 | + |
| 12 | 7,1554 | ‒73,5183 | Girón (Santander) | 2014 | ‒ |
| 13 | 7,1655 | ‒73,5009 | Girón (Santander) | 2013 | ‒ |
| 14 | 7,3257 | ‒73,5661 | Sabana de Torres (Santander) | 2007 | ‒ |
| 15 | 7,3862 | ‒73,5256 | Sabana de Torres (Santander) | 2013 | + |
| 16 | 6,7806 | ‒73,9080 | Simacota (Santander) | 2010 | ‒ |
| 17 | 6,7781 | ‒73,9042 | Simacota (Santander) | 2010 | ‒ |
| 18 | 6,7923 | ‒73,7590 | Simacota (Santander) | 1999 | + |
| 19 | 7,3116 | ‒73,8327 | Puerto Wilches (Santander) | 2014 | + |
| 20 | 7,3000 | ‒73,8793 | Puerto Wilches (Santander) | 2010 | ‒ |
| 21 | 7,2451 | ‒73,8438 | Puerto Wilches (Santander) | 1997 | + |
| 22 | 7,2836 | ‒73,7143 | Puerto Wilches (Santander) | 2006 | + |
| 23 | 7,3301 | ‒73,6687 | Puerto Wilches (Santander) | 2009 | + |
| 24 | 7,2260 | ‒73,5466 | Sabana de Torres (Santander) | 2013 | ‒ |
| 25 | 7,2340 | ‒73,5445 | Sabana de Torres (Santander) | 2013 | ‒ |
| 26 | 7,7864 | ‒73,4530 | San Alberto (Cesar) | 2008 | ‒ |
| 27 | 7,7864 | ‒73,4538 | San Alberto (Cesar) | 2009 | ‒ |
| 28 | 7,6551 | ‒73,3853 | La Esperanza (Norte de Santander) | 2008 | + |
| 29 | 7,7678 | ‒73,4023 | San Alberto (Cesar) | 2005 | + |
| 30 | 7,2159 | ‒73,5777 | Sabana de Torres (Santander) | 2008 | + |