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Descriptions of two new and one known species of Parkellus Jairajpuri, Tahseen and Choi, 2001 (Nematoda: Mononchidae) and their phylogenetic position among Mononchida Cover

Descriptions of two new and one known species of Parkellus Jairajpuri, Tahseen and Choi, 2001 (Nematoda: Mononchidae) and their phylogenetic position among Mononchida

Open Access
|Aug 2021

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

Light micrographs of Parkellus hagiangensis sp. nov. Female. A. Anterior end, median section with the focus on the dorsal tooth. B. Anterior end, surface view. C. Entire body. D. Tail. E. Vulval region with advulval ventromedian vulval papillae. F. Body pores. G. Anterior genital branch. Scale bar: C = 200 µm, G = 50 µm, D = 45 µm, A, B, E = 20 µm, F = 10 µm.
Light micrographs of Parkellus hagiangensis sp. nov. Female. A. Anterior end, median section with the focus on the dorsal tooth. B. Anterior end, surface view. C. Entire body. D. Tail. E. Vulval region with advulval ventromedian vulval papillae. F. Body pores. G. Anterior genital branch. Scale bar: C = 200 µm, G = 50 µm, D = 45 µm, A, B, E = 20 µm, F = 10 µm.

Figure 2:

Light micrographs of Parkellus hagiangensis sp. nov. Male. A. Anterior end, median section, with the focus on the dorsal tooth. B. Anterior end, median section, with the focus on the longitudinal ridge. C. Pharyngo-intestinal junction. D. Sperm cells. E. Distal part of spicules. F. Excretory pore and ventromedian cuticular pores above and below of the excretory pore. G. Tail. H. Lateral guiding pieces. I. Proximal part of spicules. J. Entire body. Scale bar: J = 200 µm, F, G = 50 µm, A, D, E, H, I = 20 µm, B, C = 10 µm.
Light micrographs of Parkellus hagiangensis sp. nov. Male. A. Anterior end, median section, with the focus on the dorsal tooth. B. Anterior end, median section, with the focus on the longitudinal ridge. C. Pharyngo-intestinal junction. D. Sperm cells. E. Distal part of spicules. F. Excretory pore and ventromedian cuticular pores above and below of the excretory pore. G. Tail. H. Lateral guiding pieces. I. Proximal part of spicules. J. Entire body. Scale bar: J = 200 µm, F, G = 50 µm, A, D, E, H, I = 20 µm, B, C = 10 µm.

Figure 3:

Line drawings of Parkellus hagiangensis sp. nov. A. Anterior end of female, median section. B. Anterior end of male, median section. C. Female anterior genital branch. D. Female tail. E. Male tail. F. Vulval region with advulval ventromedian papillary structures. G. Male copulatory apparatus. Scale bar: A, B, F, G = 20 µm, C–E = 50 µm.
Line drawings of Parkellus hagiangensis sp. nov. A. Anterior end of female, median section. B. Anterior end of male, median section. C. Female anterior genital branch. D. Female tail. E. Male tail. F. Vulval region with advulval ventromedian papillary structures. G. Male copulatory apparatus. Scale bar: A, B, F, G = 20 µm, C–E = 50 µm.

Figure 4:

Light micrographs of Parkellus tuyenquangensis sp. nov. Female. A. Anterior end, median section, with the focus on the dorsal tooth. B. Body pores. C. Anterior genital branch. D. Entire body. E. Excretory pore. F. Tail. G. Pharyngo-intestinal junction. H, J. Vulval region. Scale bar: D = 200 µm, B, C = 50 µm, F = 45 µm, A, E, H–J = 20 µm, G = 10 µm.
Light micrographs of Parkellus tuyenquangensis sp. nov. Female. A. Anterior end, median section, with the focus on the dorsal tooth. B. Body pores. C. Anterior genital branch. D. Entire body. E. Excretory pore. F. Tail. G. Pharyngo-intestinal junction. H, J. Vulval region. Scale bar: D = 200 µm, B, C = 50 µm, F = 45 µm, A, E, H–J = 20 µm, G = 10 µm.

Figure 5:

Light micrographs of Parkellus tuyenquangensis sp. nov. Male. A. Anterior end, median section, with the focus on the dorsal tooth. B. Anterior end, surface view. C. Anterior end, median section, with the focus on the longitudinal ridge. D. Excretory pore and ventromedian cuticular pores above and below of the excretory pores. E. Entire body. F. Lateral guiding pieces. G. Tail. H. Posterior end. I. Proximal part of spicules. Scale bar: E = 200 µm, H = 100 µm, D, G = 45 µm, A, B, F, I = 20 µm, C = 10 µm.
Light micrographs of Parkellus tuyenquangensis sp. nov. Male. A. Anterior end, median section, with the focus on the dorsal tooth. B. Anterior end, surface view. C. Anterior end, median section, with the focus on the longitudinal ridge. D. Excretory pore and ventromedian cuticular pores above and below of the excretory pores. E. Entire body. F. Lateral guiding pieces. G. Tail. H. Posterior end. I. Proximal part of spicules. Scale bar: E = 200 µm, H = 100 µm, D, G = 45 µm, A, B, F, I = 20 µm, C = 10 µm.

Figure 6:

Line drawings of Parkellus tuyenquangensis sp. nov. A. Anterior end of female, median section. B. Anterior end of male, median section. C. Female anterior genital branch. D. Female tail. E. Male tail. F. Vulval region with advulval ventromedian papillary structures. G. Male copulatory apparatus. Scale bar: A, B, F, G = 20 µm, C–E = 50 µm.
Line drawings of Parkellus tuyenquangensis sp. nov. A. Anterior end of female, median section. B. Anterior end of male, median section. C. Female anterior genital branch. D. Female tail. E. Male tail. F. Vulval region with advulval ventromedian papillary structures. G. Male copulatory apparatus. Scale bar: A, B, F, G = 20 µm, C–E = 50 µm.

Figure 7:

Light micrographs of Parkellus zschokkei. Female. A. Anterior end, median section, with the focus on the dorsal tooth. B. Anterior end, median section, with the focus on the longitudinal ridge. C. Anterior end, surface view. D. Excretory pore. E. Tail. F. Oviduct-uterus sphincter. G. Entire body. H. Vulval region with advulval ventromedian vulval papillae. I. Vulval region. Scale bar: G = 200 µm, H = 50 µm, A, C–F, I = 20 µm, B = 10 µm.
Light micrographs of Parkellus zschokkei. Female. A. Anterior end, median section, with the focus on the dorsal tooth. B. Anterior end, median section, with the focus on the longitudinal ridge. C. Anterior end, surface view. D. Excretory pore. E. Tail. F. Oviduct-uterus sphincter. G. Entire body. H. Vulval region with advulval ventromedian vulval papillae. I. Vulval region. Scale bar: G = 200 µm, H = 50 µm, A, C–F, I = 20 µm, B = 10 µm.

Figure 8:

Light micrographs of Parkellus zschokkei. Male. A. Anterior end, median section, with the focus on the dorsal tooth. B. Pharyngo-intestinal junction. C. Excretory pore. D. Sperm cells. E. Subventral papillae lying parallel to the supplements. F. Spicules. G. Entire body. H. Posterior end. I. Lateral guiding pieces. Scale bar: G = 200 µm, E, H = 50 µm, A–D, F, I = 20 µm.
Light micrographs of Parkellus zschokkei. Male. A. Anterior end, median section, with the focus on the dorsal tooth. B. Pharyngo-intestinal junction. C. Excretory pore. D. Sperm cells. E. Subventral papillae lying parallel to the supplements. F. Spicules. G. Entire body. H. Posterior end. I. Lateral guiding pieces. Scale bar: G = 200 µm, E, H = 50 µm, A–D, F, I = 20 µm.

Figure 9:

18S rDNA-based Bayesian phylogeny of the Mononchida. The new Parkellus species and the additionally studied P. zschokkei and Coomansus parvus are indicated in bold. Numbers near nodes indicate posterior probabilities.
18S rDNA-based Bayesian phylogeny of the Mononchida. The new Parkellus species and the additionally studied P. zschokkei and Coomansus parvus are indicated in bold. Numbers near nodes indicate posterior probabilities.

Figure 10:

28S rDNA-based Bayesian phylogeny of the Mononchida. The new Parkellus species and the additionally studied P. zschokkei and Coomansus parvus are indicated in bold. Numbers near nodes indicate posterior probabilities.
28S rDNA-based Bayesian phylogeny of the Mononchida. The new Parkellus species and the additionally studied P. zschokkei and Coomansus parvus are indicated in bold. Numbers near nodes indicate posterior probabilities.

Morphometrics of females and males of Parkellus hagiangensis sp_ nov_ from Ha Giang Province, Vietnam_

Du Gia natural reserve
Characters/ratios*HolotypeParatypes
n1 female1 female3 males
L (µm)2,1121,7692,162–2,900
a26.027.229.0–34.9
b3.93.73.8–4.1
c16.415.221.4–23.2
c′2.82.71.7–2.1
V6970
Lip region height (µm)13.312.212.0–13.6
Lip region width (µm)40.540.244.8–46.4
Buccal cavity length (µm)54.450.855.4–60.2
Buccal cavity width (µm)29.929.128.8–31.6
Position of tooth apex (%) from anterior end of buccal cavity757671–74
Nerve ring from anterior end (µm)143138152–170
Excretory pore from anterior end (µm)173153177–196
Pharynx length (µm)539473566–713
Maximum body width (µm)78.365.074.7–83.0
Anal body width (µm)45.542.755.0–65.2
Rectum/cloaca length (µm)38.733.441.0–51.4
Spicules length (µm) 82.3–97.3
Lateral guiding piece length (µm) 18.2–22.2
Tail length (µm)12811695–136

Morphometrics of females and males of Parkellus tuyenquangensis sp_ nov_ from Tuyen Quang Province, Vietnam_

Cham Chu natural reserve
CharacterHolotypeParatypesNa Hang natural reserve
nfemale3 females3 males11 females12 males
L (µm)2,2052,185–2,4872,235–2,6482,995 ± 221.4 (2,726–3,363)2,753 ± 152.8 (2,545–3,067)
a29.825.5–31.828.7–31.730.5 ± 2.0 (28.0–30.0)32.8 ± 2.0 (28.4–34.6)
b3.63.8–4.03.8–4.04.4 ± 0.2 (4.1–4.7)4.2 ± 0.1 (4.0–4.5)
c17.218.2–19.817.3–26.319.7 ± 1.4 (18.1–22.4)21.8 ± 1.1 (19.7–23.5)
c′2.62.5–2.71.7–2.12.8 ± 0.2 (2.3–3.0)2.1 ± 0.1 (1.9–2.3)
V68.069.0 68.7 ± 2.9 (67.0–73.0)
Lip region height (µm)12.611.1–14.612.3–13.910.6 ± 0.8 (8.8–11.4)11.3 ± 1.2 (9.7–13.2)
Lip region width (µm)43.140.9–47.441.2–43.845.4 ± 2.8 (41.4–50.2)44.8 ± 1.4 (43.0–46.6)
Buccal cavity length (µm)57.752.5–60.453.9–58.756.6 ± 1.7 (54.6–60.7)55.4 ± 1.6 (53.0–58.0)
Buccal cavity width (µm)28.228.0–29.327.7–28.530.1 ± 0.7 (29.0–30.8)29.0 ± 1.0 (27.3–30.8)
Position of tooth apex (%) from anterior end of buccal cavity64.060.0–62.060.0–67.066.4 ± 1.6 (63.0–68.3)66.9 ± 1.8 (64.0–70.0)
Nerve ring from anterior end (µm)149140–163155–163172 ± 11.5 (151–191)170 ± 8.3 (158–180)
Excretory pore from anterior end (µm)185175–195180–194204 ± 11.0 (189–223)199 ± 9.8 (185–216)
Pharynx length (µm)606543–635569–655686 ± 35.0 (636–750)657 ± 26.6 (613–704)
Maximum body width (µm)73.978.1–83.478.0–83.698.6 ± 9.9 (81.0–110.0)86.1 ± 5.9 (76.5–96.8)
Anal body width (µm)48.347.6–50.859.4–62.755.5 ± 2.5 (49.5–58.5)61.2 ± 2.0 (58.5–65.0)
Rectum/cloaca length (µm)39.940.1–42.249.0–60.046.0 ± 4.2 (38.3–51.8)54,7± 3,9 (50.1–64.2)
Spicules length (µm) 97.0–104.8 103.7 ± 5.8 (95.0–110.0)
Lateral guiding piece length (µm) 12.6–17.8 16.3 ± 0.9 (15.0–17.6)
Tail length (µm)128120–127101–129152 ± 13.6 (122–169)126.4 ± 7.6 (110–133)

Morphometrics of females and males of Parkellus zschokkei (Menzel, 1913) from Ukraine_

Characters/ratios*Uzhhorod
n13 females11 males
L (µm)2900 ± 175.3 (2,569–3,174)2748 ± 152.5 (2,454–3,012)
a33.0 ± 2.4 (29.3–38.8)36.6 ± 1.4 (34.1–39.7)
b4.5 ± 0.2 (4.3–4.8)4.3 ± 0.1 (4.0–4.5)
c21.4 ± 1.7 (17.4–23.1)23.4 ± 2.1 (21.0–27.8)
c′2.5 ± 0.2 (2.2–2.9)1.8 ± 0.2 (1.5–2.0)
V68.0 ± 1.3 (65.0–70.3)
Lip region height (µm)12.8 ± 1.1 (10.1–13.9)12.4 ± 1.0 (10.6–13.8)
Lip region width (µm)42.7 ± 2.1 (38.7–46.8)42.4 ± 1.9 (39.4–44.7)
Buccal cavity length (µm)50.8 ± 1.6 (48.3–53.7)51.2 ± 1.8 (47.1–54.5)
Buccal cavity width (µm)24.9 ± 1.0 (23.3–26.6)25.0 ± 0.5 (23.8–25.5)
Position of tooth apex (%) from anterior end of buccal cavity54.5 ± 3.1 (47.4–59.5)55.8 ± 2.1 (51.7–58.4)
Nerve ring from anterior end (µm)189 ± 10.0 (169–202)188 ± 8.9 (171–200)
Excretory pore from anterior end (µm)218 ± 12.0 (197–241)218 ± 7.3 (202–229)
Pharynx length (µm)642 ± 35.2 (579–705)641 ± 21.1 (606–667)
Maximum body width (µm)88.0 ± 5.3 (75.3–93.2)74.9 ± 4.8 (65.7–82.1)
Anal body width (µm)53.4 ± 2.6 (50.8–60.4)66.4 ± 5.1 (60.1–75.8)
Rectum/cloaca length (µm)45.7 ± 2.5 (42.8–50.2)54.5 ± 2.6 (50.1–59.0)
Spicules length (µm) 106 ± 2.9 (102–111)
Lateral guiding piece length (µm) 21.5 ± 1.3 (20.3–24.5)
Tail length (µm)136 ± 8.6 (120–151)118 ± 10.8 (94–134)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2021-076 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X
Language: English
Page range: 1 - 22
Submitted on: Dec 3, 2020
|
Published on: Aug 25, 2021
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2021 Tam T.T. VU, Katarzyna Rybarczyk-Mydłowska, Andrij Susulovsky, Magdalena Kubicz, Łukasz Flis, Thi Mai Linh Le, Grażyna Winiszewska, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.