Figure 1:
Holotype female Iotonchus lotilabiatus n. sp. Female. A. Head region. B. Pharyngo-intestinal junction. C. Vulval region with advulval ventromedian papillary structures. D. Tail terminus. E. Tail region. F. Female reproductive systems. Scale bar: A, B, C, D = 20 µm, E = 100 µm.
Figure 2:
Paratype male Iotonchus lotilabiatus n. sp. Male. A. Head region. B. Tail region. C. Spicule, gubernaculum and accessory piece. Scale bar: A, C = 20 µm, B = 100 µm.
Figure 3:
Holotype female Iotonchus lotilabiatus n. sp. A. Head region. B. Amphidial aperture. C. Entire body. D. Reproductive system. Scale bars indictaed.
Figure 4:
Paratype male Iotonchus lotilabiatus n. sp. Male. A. Head region. B. Head region with protruding papillae. C. Reproductive system with spicule, gubernaculum and lateral guiding piece. D. Tail region with ventromedian supplements. Scale bars indicated.
Table 1.
Morphometrics of females and Males of Iotonchus lotilabiatus n. sp. from Lao Cai Province, Vietnam.
| Bat Xat Natural Reserve | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Characters/ratios | Holotype | Paratypes | |
| n | 1 female | 4 females | 6 males |
| L | 3643 | 3768–5163 (4519 ± 585) | 2950-4230 (3487± 530) |
| a | 49.2 | 49.8-59.2 (56.3 ± 4.4) | 44.1-51.5 (48.9 ± 2.8) |
| b | 4.8 | 4.9-5.4 (5.1 ± 0.2) | 4.7-5.4 (5.0 ± 0.3) |
| c | 6.4 | 4.5-6.3 (5.6 ± 0.8) | 5.3-5.9 (5.6 ± 0.2) |
| c′ | 12.2 | 14.4-19.0 (15.7 ± 2.2) | 8.2-13.1 (10.4 ± 1.7) |
| V (%) | 58.3 | 54.2-59.4 (55.9 ± 2.4) | – |
| Lip region height | 16.5 | 18.0-21.0 (19.8 ± 1.5) | 14.5-17.5 (16.3 ± 1.1) |
| Lip region width | 50.0 | 52.5-70 (59.5 ± 7.5) | 46-52 (48.3 ± 2.7) |
| Buccal cavity length | 73 | 69.5-88.5 (79.6 ± 8.9 | 61.5-67.2 (64.1 ± 2.2) |
| Buccal cavity width | 41.5 | 41.0-54.0 (46.9 ± 6.1) | 36.0-41 (37.9 ± 1.6) |
| Position of tooth apex from the base of buccal cavity | 16.7 | 16.5-19.5 (17.7± 1.5) | 14-17 (15.5 ± 1.5) |
| Nerve ring from anterior end | 190 | 210-244 (226.4± 15.1) | 154-204 (174.9 ± 20.0) |
| Excretory pore from anterior end | 225 | 224-271 (253 ± 22.2) | 180.8-232 (204 ± 21.8) |
| Pharynx length | 761.0 | 770-975.7 (870 ± 98.5) | 627.7-789.3 (693.2 ± 70.9) |
| Anterior branch of genital system | 341 | 341-477 (424 ± 37) | – |
| Posterior branch of genital system | 314 | 314-462 (406 ± 38) | – |
| Maximum body width | 74.0 | 75.5-87.0 (80.0 ± 5.1) | 60.0-82.0 (71.0 ± 8.0) |
| Anal body width | 46.8 | 48.0-58.0 (52.0 ± 4.4) | 55.0-63.0 (59.8 ± 3.3) |
| Rectum/cloaca length | 49.2 | 49.0-53.0 (51.5 ± 1.8) | 55-64 (59.5 ± 3.4) |
| Vagina length | 34.0 | 36.5-38.5 (37.7 ± 1.0) | – |
| Spicule length | – | – | 130-141 (136.8 ± 4.1) |
| Spicule width at widest part | – | – | 8.0-11 (9.3 ± 1.4) |
| Lateral guiding piece length | – | – | 17.5-23.5 (19.6 ± 2.9) |
| Gubernaculum length | – | – | 39.5-44 (42.3± 1.7) |
| Number of supplements | – | – | 13-14 |
| Distance from cloacal opening to posteriormost supplement | – | – | 20.5-23 (21.4 ± 1.0) |
| Distance from cloacal opening to anterior most supplement | – | – | 201-241.5 (218.9 ± 15.8) |
| Tail length | 572 | 694-974 (818 ± 125.3) | 500-798 (623 ± 114) |
Table 2.
Compendium of the species belonging to the genus Iotonchus (Cobb, 1917).
| Species | n | L | a | b | c | c' | V | B.C.L. | B.C.W. | %DT | Spinneret | Female gonad | Spicule length | Number Suppls | Country | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| abrahmami | 9♀♀ | 2.7-3 | 40-51 | 4.6-5.0 | 5.8-12.3 | 5.9-12.8 | 64-72 | 42-47 | 27-31 | 33-36 | Terminal | Pseudo-prodelphic | Malaysia | Loof (2006) | ||
| 2♂♂ | 2.7-2.8 | 54 | 4.7-4.8 | 6.8 | 8.3-8.5 | 42-43 | 25-26 | 90-91 | 11 | |||||||
| acuticaudus | 11♀♀ | 1.9-2.1 | 29-34 | 3.8-4.7 | 9.1-11.8 | 6.1a | 71-75 | 40-50 | 28-32 | 23a | Subdorsal | Monodelphic | Nigeria | Mulvey and Jensen (1967) | ||
| 11♂♂ | 2.0-2.4 | 27-34 | 4.0-4.4 | 9.5-11.8 | 4.3a | 40-45 | 27-31 | 78-88 | 6-8 | |||||||
| Acutus | 10♀♀ | 1.8-2.2 | 32-39 | 5.3-6 | 12-15.5 | 4.3a | 61-66 | 37-38 | 24-26 | 28a | No | Didelphic | South Africa | Heyns and Lagerwey (1965) | ||
| 10♂♂ | 1.4-1.9 | 28-40 | 4.4-5.5 | 13.2-15.6 | 2.7a | 26-37 | 17-23 | 67-83 | 9-12 | |||||||
| 4♀♀ | 1.7-2.4 | 31-41 | 13.6-18 | 3.9a | 63-66 | 39-43 | 20-27 | No | Didelphic | USA | Mulvey (1963a) | |||||
| aequabilis | ?♀♀ | 2.2-2.5 | 36-43 | 5.4-5.6 | 34-41 | 1.3-1.8 | 70-72 | 44-48 | 28-33 | No | Didelphic | Ukraine | Susulovsky (1998) | |||
| aequatorialis | 5♀♀ | 2.2-2.4 | 20-30 | 4.4-4.7 | 4.3-4.8 | 8.3-10 | 51-54.4 | 57-65 | 32-38.5 | 23a | Terminal | Didelphic | Ecuado | Vinciguerra and Orselli (2006) | ||
| anisostomus | 1♀ | 1.72 | 30 | 3.7 | 12.9 | 5a | 68 | 40 | 17 | 23a | Terminal | Monodelphic | Thailand | Buangsuwon and Jensen (1966) | ||
| arcuatus | 8♀♀ | 1.7-1.8 | 35-41 | 4.4-4.7 | 4.9-6 | 9.2-10.5 | 55-57 | 38-41 | 24-28 | 24-34 | No | Didelphic | Japan | Khan et al. (2000) | ||
| apapillatus | 8♀♀ | 2.7-3.5 | 35-39 | 4.4-4.7 | 10-13 | 4.3-5.8 | 62-74 | 67-80 | 40-44 | 19-27 | Terminal | Didelphic | India | Dhanam and Jairajpuri (1998) | ||
| 3♂♂ | 2.9 | 41 | 4.6-4.7 | 11-15 | 2.9-4.3 | 64-67 | 34-35 | 125-138 | 17-19 | |||||||
| baqrii | 9♀♀ | 1.5-1.7 | 28-37 | 4.0-4.6 | 5-7 | 12.2a | 62-70 | 32-37 | 28-32 | 29-34 | Subventral | Monodelphic | India | Jairajpuri (1969) | ||
| 9♂♂ | 1.5-1.7 | 31-35 | 4.3-4.8 | 5-7 | 6.8a | 28-32 | 24-26 | 25-28 | 80-93 | 9-10 | ||||||
| basidontus | 6♀♀ | 1.7-2.4 | 25-32 | 3.7-4.3 | 6.5-8.6 | 6.6a | 55-60 | 48a | 30a | 25 | Terminal | Didelphic | New zealand | Clark (1960) | ||
| 1♂ | 2 | 30 | 3.9 | 8.6 | 4.8a | 83a | 14 | |||||||||
| brachylaimus | 1♀ | 3.2 | 33.3 | 4.8 | 17 | 3.7a | 65 | 64a | 53a | Terminal | Didelphic | USA | Mulvey (1963a), (after Cobb, 1917) | |||
| 1♂ | 3.5 | 40 | 5.3 | 17 | 95 | 16 | ||||||||||
| carpathicus | 13♀♀ | 2.5-3.5 | 31-44 | 4.2-5.1 | 4.3-6.6 | 12.1a | 56.5-60 | 46-62 | 36-52 | 23-35 | No | Didelphic | Romania | Popovici (1990) | ||
| 16♂♂ | 2.1-3.7 | 33-47 | 4.3-5.1 | 4.9-6.7 | 47-57 | 33-50 | 72-100 | 11-13 | ||||||||
| chantaburensis | 4♀♀ | 0.8-1 | 24-32 | 3.5-4.5 | 3.8-4.9 | 59-64 | 22-25 | 9-14 | Terminal | Monodelphic | Thailand | Buangsuwon and Jensen (1966) | ||||
| 6♀♀ | 0.9-1 | 24-26 | 3.8-3.9 | 5.8-6 | 6.7-7.4 | 63-65 | 26-30 | 14-17 | Subventral | Monodelphic | India | Mohadas and Prabhoo (1979) | ||||
| clarki | 6♀♀ | 1.7-2 | 28-34 | 3.9-5.2 | 4.6-5.9 | 8.8a | 52-58 | 40-43 | 23-29 | 20a | No | Didelphic | Nigeria | Mulvey and Jensen (1967) | ||
| consimilis | ?♀♀ | 2.8-3.5 | 34-41 | 4.5-4.9 | 6.6-7.6 | 7.3a | 68-69 | 60-63 | 37-40 | Terminal | Monodelphic | Brazil, Hawaii | Mulvey (1963a), (after Cobb, 1917) | |||
| cucumis | 5♀♀ | 2.9-3.2 | 39-44 | 4.2-4.3 | 10.7-12.2 | 4.7-5.2 | 64-66 | 57-60 | 34-39 | 23 | Terminal | Didelphic | Korea | Khan et al. (2002) | ||
| cuticaudatus | 12♀♀ | 2.8-3 | 30-37 | 4.6-5.8 | 7-10 | 5.5-7.8 | 62-64.5 | 57-65 | 33-37 | 22-25 | Terminal | Didelphic | India | Jana et al. (2007) | ||
| 7♂♂ | 2.3-3.1 | 30-39 | 4.4-5.4 | 9.6-14.5 | 3.1-3.6 | 50-57 | 26-30 | 123-133 | 11-15 | |||||||
| damsanensis | 3♀♀ | 1.6-1.7 | 20-22 | 2.9-3 | 17-1.7 | 1.7-2.2 | 71-75 | 58-61 | 35-37 | 29-32 | No | Didelphic | Korea | Choi and Khan (2000) | ||
| devius | 1♀ | 2.4 | 37.5 | 4.2 | 6.5 | 9.5 | 69 | 54 | 30 | 26 | No | Monodelphic | Côte d’Ivoire | Siddiqi (2001) | ||
| geminus | 8♀♀ | 1.7-2.1 | 25-30 | 3.9-4.5 | 12.4-14 | 3.4a | 65-68 | 38-43 | 22-24 | 29a | Terminal | Didelphic | South Africa | Heyns and Lagerwey (1965) | ||
| 7♂♂ | 1.7-1.9 | 28-33 | 4.0-4.8 | 14.6-17.5 | 2.5a | 37-39 | 18-20 | 77-88 | 11-14 | |||||||
| globibucca | ?♀♀ | 2.4 | 31 | 5 | 7.1 | 8.2 | 59 | 54 | 37 | No | Didelphic | India | Dhanam and Jairajpuri (2002) | |||
| goshiensis | 4♀♀ | 1.5-1.6 | 28-30 | 3.7-4.1 | 24-26 | 1.7-1.9 | 63-65 | 40-42 | 26-27 | 24-25 | No | Didelphic | Japan | Khan et al. (2008) | ||
| guineae | 1♀ | 2 | 33 | 4 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 70 | 58 | 34 | 20a | Terminal | Monodelphic | Guinae | Siddiqi (2001) | ||
| 2♂♂ | 1.9-2.0 | 35-43 | 3.9-4.7 | 5.9-6.9 | 6.9-8.3 | 47 | 26-27 | 74-89 | 4-6 | |||||||
| gymnolaimus | 1♀ | 2.9 | 40 | 4.2 | 7.1 | 9a | 67 | 57 | 40 | Terminal | Monodelphic | Fiji, Brazil, USA | Mulvey (1963a), (after Cobb, 1917) | |||
| hinokumaensis | 4♀♀ | 2-2.2 | 33-44 | 4.7-5.4 | 9.4-10.8 | 5.3-6.1 | 60-63 | 37-40 | 24-26 | 26-27 | No | Didelphic | Japan | Khan et al. (2008) | ||
| 3♂♂ | 2.1-2.3 | 41-44 | 4.4-5.4 | 8.7-9.3 | 5.9-6.3 | 38-40 | 24-25 | 68-75 | 9-11 | |||||||
| indicus | 28♀♀ | 1.5-2 | 21-32 | 4.0-4.8 | 5-8 | 10a | 57-65 | 40-47 | 28-32 | 23-25 | Subventral | Didelphic | India | Jairajpuri (1969) | ||
| kilumicus | 4♀♀ | 2.6-2.7 | 50-57 | 4.9-5.2 | 4.0-4.5 | 17-18 | 53-55 | 43-48 | 23-25 | 23-27 | Subventral | Didelphic | Cameroon | Siddiqi (2001) | ||
| 3♂♂ | 2.4-2.5 | 49-57 | 4.9-5.1 | 4.1-4.6 | 13-14.6 | 41-43 | 18-19 | 63-73 | 10-11 | |||||||
| kirbyi | 5♀♀ | 3-3.3 | 40-46 | 4.2-4.6 | 6.8-7.8 | 7.8-9.1 | 67-72 | 58-64 | 32-33 | 26a | Terminal | Pseudo–prodelphic | Fiji | Siddiqi (1984) | ||
| 4♀♀ | 2.8-3.3 | 37-40 | 3.6-4.2 | 13.5-17.8 | 3.1-4.2 | 72-74 | 60-62 | 31-33 | ||||||||
| kirghistanicus | ?♀♀ | 1.4-1.8 | 20-23 | 3.2-3.7 | 23-28 | 1.5-2 | 72-75 | 42 | 30 | No | Didelphic | Kirghistan | Sultanalieva (1983) | |||
| ?♂ | 1.6 | 19-22 | 3.3-3.8 | 20-25 | 22 | |||||||||||
| koupensis | 4♀♀ | 2.1-2.5 | 30-36 | 4.1-4.2 | 4.1-5.5 | 8-11 | 54-58 | 57-60 | 29-30 | 19-20 | Subventral | Didelphic | Cameroon | Siddiqi (2001) | ||
| 1♂ | 1.8 | 29 | 4.5 | 5.8 | 7.2 | 49 | 24 | 90 | 12 | |||||||
| lacuplanarum | 2♀♀ | 2 | 39-45 | 4.6 | 6.1-6.2 | 10.2 | 63-64 | 36-37 | 26 | 24-25 | Subventral | Monodelphic | New Caledonia | Yeates (1992) | ||
| 3♂ | 1.8-2.1 | 38-45 | 4.2-4.9 | 6.1-7.2 | 7.4-8.9 | 32-35 | 23-29 | 27-29 | 47-57 | 9-12 | ||||||
| lamottei | 4♀♀ | 1.6 | 32-35 | 4.1-4.4 | 7.2-7.9 | 6.4a | 65-66 | 33-41 | 25-27 | 22a | No | Monodelphic | Côte | Malcevschi (1981) | ||
| 1♂ | 1.6 | 31 | 4 | 8.3 | 4.1a | 35 | 22 | 50 | 9 | d’Ivoire | ||||||
| litoralis | 2♀♀ | 2.1-2.3 | 24-26 | 5 | 10-11 | 4.5a | 61-62 | 61a | 42a | 25 | Terminal | Didelphic | South | Coetzee (1967b) | ||
| 2♂♂ | 2.6-2.8 | 36-37 | 4-5 | 16 | 2.7a | 104-112 | 15-17 | Africa | ||||||||
| 1♀ | 2.7 | 34 | 4.1 | 15.1 | 3.6 | 68 | 54 | 39 | Terminal | Didelphic | South Africa | De Bruin and Heyns (1992) | ||||
| 2♂♂ | 2.6-2.8 | 35-37 | 4.4-4.7 | 18.4-21 | 2.2-2.6 | 49 | 32-35 | 107-111 | 13-14 | |||||||
| longisaccus | 2♀♀ | 1.8-2.4 | 32-38 | 4.1 | 9.1-10.9 | 5.2-5.4 | 71 | 50-60 | 25-31 | 28a | Terminal | Monodelphic | Côte | Siddiqi (2001) | ||
| 1♂ | 2.35 | 47 | 3.9 | 7.3 | 7.8 | 54 | 25 | 88 | 4 | d’Ivoire | ||||||
| loteniae | 3♀♀ | 1.9-2 | 34-42 | 4.3-5.1 | 7.3-8.6 | 6.8-9.5 | 61-68 | 30-38 | 22-25 | 29a | No | Didelphic | South Africa | De Bruin and Heyns (1992) | ||
| lotilabiatus | 5♀♀ | 3.8-5.2 | 50-59 | 4.9-5.4 | 4.5-6.3 | 12-20 | 54-59 | 70-88 | 41-54 | 22-23 | Terminal | Didelphic | Vietnam | Currently paper | ||
| 6♂♂ | 3-4.2 | 44-52 | 4.7-5.4 | 5.3-5.9 | 8.2-13 | 62-67 | 36-41 | 21-25 | 130-141 | 13-14 | ||||||
| magyar | 1♀ | 4.2 | 38 | 4.9 | 86 | 0.7 | 69 | 51 | 26 | 40 | No | Didelphic | Hungary | Andrássy (1973) | ||
| mboticus | 2♀♀ | 2.2-2.3 | 42-44 | 5.2-5.3 | 4.2-4.3 | 14-14.7 | 52-53 | 40 | 23 | 23a | Subdorsal | Didelphic | Cameroon | Siddiqi (2001) | ||
| 3♂♂ | 2.0-2.1 | 46-47 | 5.3-5.6 | 4.0-4.4 | 12-13.5 | 37-39 | 19-20 | 56-62 | 10 | |||||||
| miamaensis | 9♀♀ | 3.2-3.5 | 44-50 | 4.6-5.0 | 7.6-8.4 | 7.5-8.3 | 60-61 | 64-72 | 42-45 | 24-27 | Terminal | Didelphic | Japan | Khan and Araki (2002) | ||
| 5♂♂ | 2.8-3.1 | 45-48 | 4.5-4.7 | 11.2-14 | 3.5-4.7 | 57-62 | 34-40 | 127-138 | 12-13 | |||||||
| microdontus | 4♀♀ | 1.2-1.3 | 29-31 | 3.7-3.9 | 5.7-6 | 61-64 | 34-36 | 19-20 | Terminal | Monodelphic | Singapore | Thong (1970) | ||||
| muneris | 3♀♀ | 1.5-1.6 | 33-36 | 4.1-4.4 | 4.1-4.7 | 11-13.7 | 58-62 | 36-37 | 19-20 | 17-19 | Subventral | Monodelphic | Cameroon | Siddiqi (2001) | ||
| nayari | 13♀♀ | 2.3-2.7 | 31-34 | 4.2-4.6 | 12-16 | 4.0-4.9 | 62-67 | 55-64 | 34-38 | 27-28 | Terminal | Didelphic | India | Mohadas and Prabhoo (1979) | ||
| 4♂♂ | 2.2-2.5 | 31-33 | 4.1-4.6 | 13-16.5 | 2.5-2.9 | 52-54 | 28-30 | 117-126 | 15-16 | |||||||
| 8♀♀ | 2.3-2.7 | 27-34 | 4.0-4.6 | 10-12 | 65-70 | 51-54 | 32-36 | Terminal | Didelphic | India | Khan and Jairajpuri (1980) | |||||
| 10♂♂ | 2.3-2.6 | 30-37 | 4.1-4.7 | 10-13 | 112-131 | 12-16 | ||||||||||
| ndu | 8 ♀♀ | 1.8-2.7 | 39-47 | 4.3-4.9 | 4.3-6.9 | 8-15 | 50-57 | 46-54 | 21-27 | 24-26 | Subventral | Didelphic | Cameroon | Siddiqi (2001) | ||
| 3♂♂ | 1.8-2.2 | 42-45 | 4.3-4.8 | 4.4-6.9 | 8.9-11.7 | 45-50 | 21-22 | 66-75 | 10-12 | |||||||
| nepotum | 7♀♀ | 1-1.2 | 22-25 | 3.1-3.8 | 13-16 | 2.2-2.8 | 66-70 | 36-40 | 22-23 | 17-20 | Terminal | Monodelphic | Papua New Guinea | Andrássy (2008) | ||
| nigeriensis | 11♀♀ | 1.6-1.9 | 25-35 | 3.9-4.6 | 10-13 | 5.4a | 68-72 | 36-40 | 21-29 | 23a | No | Monodelphic | Nigeria | Mulvey and Jensen (1967) | ||
| 11♂♂ | 1.4-1.7 | 28-36 | 3.9-4.5 | 12-16 | 3.3a | 32-35 | 20-23 | 63-70 | 6-8 | |||||||
| ogiensis | 4♀♀ | 2-2.3 | 33-36 | 4.1-4.4 | 18-20 | 2.7-3.3 | 62-63 | 38-41 | 24-26 | 24 | No | Didelphic | Japan | Khan et al. (2008) | ||
| 2♂♂ | 2.1-2.3 | 32-34 | 4.4-4.6 | 14-15 | 2.5-2.7 | 45-47 | 25-28 | 90-95 | 12-14 | |||||||
| obtusus | 1♀ | 2.8 | 33 | 4.2 | 61 | 1 | 68 | 61 | 45 | 21 | No | Didelphic | Korea | Choi et al. (1999) | ||
| onchus | 2♀♀ | 2.4-2.5 | 35-36 | 4.6-4.8 | 7-8 | 7 | 61 | 55 | 33-35 | 26-28 | No | Didelphic | Korea | Jairajpuri et al. (2000) | ||
| 1♂ | 2.1 | 34 | 4.6 | 8 | 5 | 50 | 30 | 23 | 82 | 11 | ||||||
| parabasidontus | 7♀♀ | 2.2-2.6 | 26-37 | 4.3-4.9 | 7.2-8.7 | 6.9a | 56-60 | 48-55 | 29-32 | 23a | Terminal | Didelphic | Nigeria | Mulvey and Jensen (1967) | ||
| 5♂♂ | 2.0-2.4 | 29-38 | 4.3-4.7 | 9.1-11.2 | 4.2a | 42-50 | 25-28 | 26a | 90 | 13-15 | ||||||
| 1♀ | 1.7 | 24.4 | 4.3 | 6.6 | 6.5 | 58 | 49 | 26 | Cameroon | Siddiqi (2001) | ||||||
| paracutus | 2♀♀ | 1.9-2.2 | 23-26 | 5-5.1 | 9.4-10.4 | 3.5-4.6 | 62-63 | 57-68 | 35-40 | 23a | No | Didelphic | Italia | Vinciguerra and Orselli (2000) | ||
| 2♂♂ | 1.6 | 23-24 | 4.6 | 10-11.3 | 2.8-3.0 | 52.5 | 30-32.5 | 57.5-66 | 10-11 | |||||||
| parageminus | 31♀♀ | 1.8-2.4 | 39-53 | 5.1-6.2 | 17-24.9 | 2.5-4.3 | 63-69 | 29-40 | 20-27 | 25-37 | Subdorsal | Didelphic | Spain | Jiménez-Guirado (1994) | ||
| 20♂♂ | 1.7-2.2 | 36-53 | 5.1-6.1 | 24-32 | 1.6-2.2 | 27-34 | 18.5-21.5 | 53.5-67 | 9-13 | |||||||
| paratrichurus | 5♀♀ | 1.4-1.5 | 27-35 | 4.2-4.6 | 3.6-4.1 | 13.5-15 | 55-58 | 30-32 | 15.5-17 | 23-25 | Subventral | Monodelphic | Cameroon | Siddiqi (2001) | ||
| 2♀♀ | 1.3-1.4 | 23-25 | 4.3-4.5 | 3.1-3.9 | 10.3-13 | 30 | 17-19 | |||||||||
| pauli | 5♀♀ | 1.3-1.6 | 35-42 | 4.8-5.1 | 8.4-9.3 | 6.2a | 59-63 | 29-30 | 18-19 | 30a | No | Didelphic | South Africa | Heyns and Lagerwey (1965) | ||
| 6♂♂ | 1.3-1.4 | 38-45 | 4.6-5.1 | 10-11.2 | 3.7a | 26-29 | 14-15 | 52-53 | 8-9 | |||||||
| pseudodigonicus | 6♀♀ | 1.4-1.6 | 31-34 | 4.2-4.7 | 4.1-4.7 | 60-63 | 36-39 | 25-27 | 31-36 | Subventral | Pseudo-prodelphic | India | Ahmad and Jairajpuri (1983) | |||
| 4♂♂ | 1.4-1.7 | 33-41 | 4.4-4.7 | 4.6-5.1 | 60-64 | 6-8 | ||||||||||
| pusillus | 14♀♀ | 0.7-1 | 24-30 | 3.6-4.3 | 7.0-8.1 | 4.7-6.9 | 63-67 | 22-24 | 10-13 | 20-29 | No | Monodelphic | Malaysia | Loof (2006) | ||
| recessus | 1♀ | 2.1 | 43 | 4.6 | 5.8 | 11 | 63 | 38 | 26 | 26 | Subventral | Monodelphic | New Caledonia | Yeates (1992) | ||
| rayongensis | 1♀ | 2 | 37 | 4.9 | 9.5 | 7.7a | 57 | 46 | 22 | 33a | Subdorsal | Didelphic | Thailand | Buangsuwon and Jensen (1966) | ||
| rinae | 5♀♀ | 1.5-1.8 | 30-38 | 5 | 14-15 | 4.2a | 68-72 | 34a | 22a | 29 | Terminal | Didelphic | South | Coetzee (1967b) | ||
| 12♂♂ | 1.7-1.9 | 31-40 | 5 | 15-19 | 3.2a | 60-70 | 11-12 | Africa | ||||||||
| 10♀♀ | 1.4-1.9 | 27-35 | 3.9-4.5 | 10-13.3 | 3.6-5.1 | 61-70 | 29-39 | 18-24 | Terminal | Didelphic | South Africa | De Bruin and Heyns (1992) | ||||
| 8♂♂ | 1.3-1.7 | 28-37 | 4.1-5.1 | 14-17.7 | 2.5-2.8 | 66-74 | 6-11 | |||||||||
| risoceiae | 1♀ | 3.3 | 33 | 4.6 | 8.9 | 6.2a | 64 | 58 | 47 | 29a | Terminal | Didelphic | South Africa | Heyns and Lagerwey (1965) | ||
| 4♀♀ | 2.7-3.4 | 34-37 | 4.5-4.7 | 8-10 | 6.3a | 60-64 | 53-64 | 32-40 | Terminal | Didelphic | India | Khan and Jairajpuri (1980) | ||||
| ?♂♂ | 3.1-3.7 | 36-39 | 4.5-5.1 | 11 | 14-18 | India | Ahmad and Jairajpuri (2010) | |||||||||
| rotundicaudatus | 29♀♀ | 2.3-2.8 | 45-63 | 5.9-7.7 | 55-108 | 0.8-1.4 | 62-69 | 32-45 | 23-25 | 25-32 | No | Didelphic | Spain | Peña Santiago and Jiménez–Guirado (1991) | ||
| sacculatus | 3♀♀ | 1.7-2.1 | 28-35 | 4.4-4.5 | 7.6-8.0 | 6.3-6.6 | 70-72 | 53-55 | 30-31 | 13-15a | Subdorsal | Monodelphic | Guinea | Siddiqi (2001) | ||
| 3♂♂ | 1.5-1.8 | 35-39 | 3.9-4.5 | 6.8-8.2 | 5.3-5.5 | 40-49 | 22-26 | 76-79 | 8-9 | |||||||
| sagaensis | 4♀♀ | 2.5-2.9 | 40-42 | 4.1-4.6 | 9.3-11 | 5.3-6 | 60-65 | 58-60 | 38-40 | 23-27 | Terminal | Didelphic | Japan | Khan et al. (2000) | ||
| 5♂♂ | 2.2-2.6 | 39-46.5 | 4.1-4.6 | 11.5-14 | 3.2-4.5 | 46-55 | 30-32 | 102-109 | 10-12 | |||||||
| silvallus | 4♀♀ | 1.4-1.9 | 27-36 | 4.0-4.3 | 4.8-5.4 | 11.3a | 62-65 | 41-42 | 24-25 | 27-29 | Subventral | Monodelphic | India | Ahmad and Jairajpuri (1983) | ||
| singaporensis | 16♀♀ | 1-1.23 | 36-41 | 3.7-4.2 | 5.1-6.7 | 6.3-8.3 | 59-65 | 31-33 | 18-19 | 29-33 | Terminal | Monodelphic | Sigapore | Ahmad et al. (2005) | ||
| southi | 8♀♀ | 1.8-2.6 | 31-38 | 3.7-4.5 | 6-7 | 8-11 | 66-80 | 46-54 | 25-31 | 26-31 | Subventral | Monodelphic | India | Dhanam and Jairajpuri (1998) | ||
| 1♂ | 2.2 | 35 | 4.3 | 9 | 5 | 52 | 24 | 24 | 76 | 12 | ||||||
| stockdilli | 9♀♀ | 3.3-4.3 | 41-49 | 5.2-5.9 | 7.1-8.8 | 7.4-10.2 | 58-73 | 50-57 | 32-41 | 33a | No | Didelphic | New Zealand | Yeates (1988) | ||
| 9♂♂ | 3.2-3.7 | 45-54 | 5.1-6 | 7.9-9.2 | 6.2-7.5 | 48-55 | 28-41 | 68-70 | 11-12 | |||||||
| tarjani | 21♀♀ | 1.7-2.2 | 27-41 | 4.4-5.9 | 3.3-4.0 | 16a | 47-51 | 40-43 | 23-27 | 23a | No | Didelphic | Nigeria | Mulvey and Jensen (1967) | ||
| 2♂♂ | 1.6-1.7 | 34-39 | 4.3-4.4 | 4 | 38 | 23 | 60-65 | ? | ||||||||
| 3♀♀ | 2.1-2.4 | 34-37 | 4.1-5.5 | 4.1-4.5 | 15-17 | 51-54 | 44-47 | 22-26 | 19a | No | Didelphic | Cameroon | Siddiqi (2001) | |||
| tenuidentatus | 10♀ | 1.9-2.5 | 28-35 | 4.0-4.5 | 4.9-5.6 | 10a | 53-57 | 45-52 | 27-31 | 23a | Subventral | Didelphic | Nigeria | Mulvey and Jensen (1967) | ||
| togoensis | 4♀♀ | 2.2-2.8 | 41-48 | 4.8-5.2 | 4.4-5.9 | 12.6-17 | 51.5-59 | 49-50 | 23-24 | 26a | Terminal | Didelphic | Togo | Siddiqi (2001) | ||
| transkeiensis | 2♀♀ | 1.5-1.6 | 28-35 | 4.5 | 7.3-7.9 | 6.7a | 62 | 36-38 | 21-23 | 31a | No | Didelphic | South Africa | Heyns and Lagerwey (1965) | ||
| 6♀♀ | 1.6-1.7 | 38-48 | 3.7-5.7 | 6.0-7.2 | 8.7a | 56-66 | 32-35 | 21-25 | 36.4a | No | Didelphic | Thailand | Buangsuwon and Jensen (1966) | |||
| trichurus | ?♀ | 1.2 | 34.5 | 4.8 | 3 | 15-20 | 52 | 28 | 17 | Australia, Fiji, Brazil, Nigeria, Mauritius | Mulvey (1963a), (after Cobb, 1917) | |||||
| ?♀♀ | 1.3-2.1 | 28-46 | 3.5-5.4 | 3-5 | 15-20 | 53-62 | 20-35 | 20-25 | Terminal | Monodelphic | Mulvey (1963a) | |||||
| ?♂ | 1.7 | 28 | 4.4 | 3.6 | 78 | 8-10 | ||||||||||
| 7♀♀ | 1.3-1.6 | 37-41 | 3.7-4.7 | 3.4-4 | 13-18 | 54-60 | 26-28 | 16-18 | 25-27 | Terminal | Monodelphic | India | Jairajpuri (1969) | |||
| 1♀ | 1.7 | 37 | 4.6 | 4 | 16 | 61 | 30 | 16 | 26 | Subventral | Monodelphic | Costa Rica | Zullini et al. (2002) | |||
| uisongensis | 7♀♀ | 1.5-1.6 | 23-26 | 2.8-3.2 | 17-19.4 | 2.0-2.4 | 67-73 | 52-63 | 31-36.5 | 27-36 | No | Didelphic | Korea | Choi and Khan (2000) | ||
| 5♂♂ | 1.5-1.7 | 24-27 | 3.2-3.3 | 19.6-23 | 1.4-1.6 | 52-58 | 30-34 | 75-92 | 20-22 | |||||||
| zullinii | 20♀♀ | 1.3-2 | 27-36 | 3.8-4.7 | 9.6-13.3 | 4a | 69-76 | 33-41 | 22-27 | 22a | Subdorsal | Monodelphic | Côte | Malcevschi (1981) | ||
| 8♂♂ | 1.3-2 | 29-37 | 3.9-4.6 | 10.3-13 | 3a | 32-37 | 20-24 | 68-73 | 7-10 | d’Ivoire |
1 Notes: Measurements in µm excepted L in mm. L = body length, a = body length/maximum body diameter, b = body length/pharynx length, c = body length/tail length, c′ = tail length/anal body diameter, V = distance from vulva to the anterior end of bodyx100/body length, B.C.L .= buccal cavity length, B.C.W. = buccal cavity width, %DT = dorsal tooth apex length from the base of buccal cavityx100/buccal cavity length, Suppls = ventromedian supllements. aCalculated from original illustrations.
Figure 5:
Phylogenetic relationships of Iotonchus lotilabiatus n. sp. among other Mononchida, from the analysis of the 18S rDNA sequences under ML (T92+G model (BIC = 5,919.848, AICc = 5,216.912; lnL = ‒2,524.232, G = 0.23, R = 1.78, f(A) = 0.284, f(T) = 0.284, f(C) = 0.216, f(G) = 0.216)). Numbers to the left of the branches are bootstrap values for 1,000 replications.
Figure 6:
Phylogenetic relationships of Iotonchus lotilabiatus n. sp. among other Mononchida, from the analysis of the 28S rDNA sequences under ML (K2+G model (BIC = 2,373.292, AICc = 2,087.600; lnL = ‒1,000.469, G = 0.23, R = 2.00, f(A) = 0.25, f(T) = 0.25, f(C) = 0.25, f(G) = 0.25)). Numbers to the left of the branches are bootstrap values for 1,000 replications.