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Laimaphelenchus africanus n. sp. (Tylenchomorpha: Aphelenchoididae) from South Africa, a morphological and molecular phylogenetic study, with an update to the diagnostics of the genus

Open Access
|May 2021

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

Line drawings of Laimaphelenchus africanus n. sp. (B, D, G, L, M: Male; A, C, E, F, H-K: Female). (A and B): Pharynx; (C and D): Anterior end; (E and F): Part of reproductive system; (G and H): Total body; (I and J): Details of the stalk at the tail tip; (K and M): Posterior body region; (L): Spicule.
Line drawings of Laimaphelenchus africanus n. sp. (B, D, G, L, M: Male; A, C, E, F, H-K: Female). (A and B): Pharynx; (C and D): Anterior end; (E and F): Part of reproductive system; (G and H): Total body; (I and J): Details of the stalk at the tail tip; (K and M): Posterior body region; (L): Spicule.

Figure 2:

Light photomicrographs of Laimaphelenchus africanus n. sp. (A-C, E, G-K, female; D, F, F1, F2, male). (A): Part of pharynx; (B-D): Anterior end; (E): Part of reproductive system; (G and H): Vulva; (F, I-K): Posterior body region; (F1): Spicule; (F2, I1-K1): Details of the stalk at the tail tip. (Scale bars: B-D, F1, F2, G, H, I1-K1 = 5 µm; A, E, F, I-K = 10 µm).
Light photomicrographs of Laimaphelenchus africanus n. sp. (A-C, E, G-K, female; D, F, F1, F2, male). (A): Part of pharynx; (B-D): Anterior end; (E): Part of reproductive system; (G and H): Vulva; (F, I-K): Posterior body region; (F1): Spicule; (F2, I1-K1): Details of the stalk at the tail tip. (Scale bars: B-D, F1, F2, G, H, I1-K1 = 5 µm; A, E, F, I-K = 10 µm).

Figure 3:

Scanning electronic microscopy of Laimaphelenchus africanus n. sp., female. (A-C): Details of anterior end; (D): Secretory-excretory pore; (E): Lateral field; (F): Vulva in ventral view; (G and H): Tail in ventro-lateral and ventral views; (I-L): Details of the stalk at the tail tip. (Scale bars = 3 µm)
Scanning electronic microscopy of Laimaphelenchus africanus n. sp., female. (A-C): Details of anterior end; (D): Secretory-excretory pore; (E): Lateral field; (F): Vulva in ventral view; (G and H): Tail in ventro-lateral and ventral views; (I-L): Details of the stalk at the tail tip. (Scale bars = 3 µm)

Figure 4:

Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree of Laimaphelenchus africanus n. sp. based on LSU rDNA D2-D3 sequences under GTR + I + G model. Bayesian posterior probability values more than 0.50 are given for appropriate clades. The new sequences are indicated in bold.
Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree of Laimaphelenchus africanus n. sp. based on LSU rDNA D2-D3 sequences under GTR + I + G model. Bayesian posterior probability values more than 0.50 are given for appropriate clades. The new sequences are indicated in bold.

Figure 5:

The close-up view (pruned tree) showing the clade L in the original Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree of Laimaphelenchus africanus n. sp. based on LSU rDNA D2-D3 sequences under GTR + I + G model. Data on stalk type, vulval flap status and lateral lines number for the currently sequenced species are given in right.
The close-up view (pruned tree) showing the clade L in the original Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree of Laimaphelenchus africanus n. sp. based on LSU rDNA D2-D3 sequences under GTR + I + G model. Data on stalk type, vulval flap status and lateral lines number for the currently sequenced species are given in right.

Morphometric characteristics of Laimaphelenchus africanus n_ sp_

CharacteristicsHolotype femaleParatype femalesParatype male
n211
L (micron)916898 ± 67 (750–987)696
a48.242.6 ± 3.0 (37.0–48.2)43.5
b11.211.6 ± 0.6 (10.8–12.7)10.4
b′4.44.7 ± 0.4 (4.1–5.7)4.9
c22.324.3 ± 2.3 (20.8–30.8)17.8
c′3.43.2 ± 0.4 (2.5–3.8)2.4
V or T %71.270.0 ± 1.1 (67.1–71.9)58.2
Cephalic region width76.8 ± 0.4 (6–7)6.5
Cephalic region height2.52.8 ± 0.5 (2–4)3
Stylet length12.511.8 ± 0.6 (10.0–12.5)12
Conus length64.9 ± 0.5 (4–6)5
m4841.7 ± 3.2 (34.8–50.0)41.7
Anterior end to valves of median bulb6362.0 ± 4.1 (53–67)56
MB76.880.0 ± 2.5 (76.5–84.4)83.6
Anterior end to nerve ring10097.0 ± 6.8 (80–106)82
Anterior end to pharyngeal intestinal junction8277.0 ± 5.5 (65–85)67
Anterior end to posterior of pharyngeal glands206192 ± 17.6 (150–217)143
Overlap124115.7 ± 14.2 (83–141)76
Median bulb width1512.0 ± 1.3 (10–15)10.5
Median bulb length1716.0 ± 1.3 (13–18)15
Diam. at median bulb1516.0 ± 0.9 (14–17)
Max. diam.1921.0 ± 2.1 (16–25)16
Median bulb length/diam. ratio1.11.4 ± 0.1 (1.1–1.6)1.4
Anterior to SE-pore102100 ± 7.4 (87–112)86
Anterior end-vulva652628 ± 50.4 (520–700)
Post-vulval uterine sac (PUS)10091.0 ± 14.2 (63–125)
Vulva to anus distance308238 ± 73.4 (139–388)
PUS/vulva to anus (%)32.541.3 ± 11.6 (23.2–63.1)
PUS/L (%)10.910.2 ± 1.3 (7.6–12.7)
Diam. at anus or cloaca1212.0 ± 1.1 (9–13)16
Tail4137.0 ± 3.6 (30–44)39
Spicules (arc)17
Spicules (chord) 16.6
Calamus7
Spicules width5
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2021-053 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X
Language: English
Page range: 1 - 14
Published on: May 21, 2021
Published by: Society of Nematologists, Inc.
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 times per year

© 2021 Farahnaz Jahanshahi Afshar, Milad Rashidifard, Joaquín Abolafia, Miloslav Zouhar, Hendrika Fourie, Majid Pedram, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.