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First report and new molecular and morphological characterizations of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica, infecting ginger and long coriander in Vietnam

Open Access
|Jan 2021

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

Meloidogyne javanica (Chitwood, 1949; Treub, 1885) from Zingiber officinale Roscoe and Eryngium foetidum L. in Vietnam. A to F: Females. A: Entire body; B, C: Anterior end regions; D: Stylet and median bulb extracted from female; E, F: Perineal patterns. G to K: Second-stage juvenile. G, H: Anterior end region; I: Lateral field; J, K: Tail regions. (Scale bar: A: 200 µm; B-K: 10 µm).
Meloidogyne javanica (Chitwood, 1949; Treub, 1885) from Zingiber officinale Roscoe and Eryngium foetidum L. in Vietnam. A to F: Females. A: Entire body; B, C: Anterior end regions; D: Stylet and median bulb extracted from female; E, F: Perineal patterns. G to K: Second-stage juvenile. G, H: Anterior end region; I: Lateral field; J, K: Tail regions. (Scale bar: A: 200 µm; B-K: 10 µm).

Figure 2:

The haplotype network shows the relationships between different haplotypes, circle size is equivalent to the number of studied populations and branch length is equivalent to the number of mutations (shown as small black circles). All populations from the same species are displayed by the same colors (except for the populations of M. javanica from Vietnam in this study).
The haplotype network shows the relationships between different haplotypes, circle size is equivalent to the number of studied populations and branch length is equivalent to the number of mutations (shown as small black circles). All populations from the same species are displayed by the same colors (except for the populations of M. javanica from Vietnam in this study).

Morphometric data of Meloidogyne javanica from different populations_

Population from ginger in VietnamPopulation from long coriander in VietnamPopulation from sugar cane in Indonesia (Whitehead, 1968)Population from tomato in Iran (Ghaderi et al., 2020)
Diagnostic charactersJ2FemaleJ2FemaleJ2FemaleJ2Female
n 2010201025205015
L 395 ± 18.7 (341-418)693 ± 110 (570-882)402 ± 42 (300-521)554 ± 31 (522-584)417 ± 22 (387-459)657 ± 67 (541-804)464 ± 19 (429-497)686 ± 127 (506-1.01)
Lip height2.6 ± 0.2 (2.2-2.9)2.7 ± 0.6 (1.9-3.9)2.9 ± 0.4 (2.2-4.1)3.3 ± 0.3 (2.9-3.6)
Lip width3.7 ± 0.4 (3.2-4.7)6.3 ± 1.2 (4.6-8.6)4.1 ± 0.4 (3.2-5.0)6.2 ± 0.9 (5.2-7.7)
Stylet11.3 ± 0.8 (9.9-12.5)16.2 ± 0.7 (15.1-17.2)11.0 ± 0.8 (9.0-13.2)15.0 ± 1.7 (12.6-17.3)10.4 ± 0.5 (9.4-11.4)15 (14-18)10 ± 0.5 (9-12)15 ± 2 (13-18)
DGO3.0 ± 0.4 (2.4-3.8)5.1 ± 1.2 (3.0-6.6)3.3 ± 0.6 (2.4-5.3)6.1 ± 0.5 (5.5-6.6)3 (2-5)2.2 ± 0.5 (1.5-3.7)3.1 ± 0.6 (2.0-3.9)
Distance from anterior end to median bulb54.3 ± 2.5 (50-59)53 ± 6.8 (39-74)
Distance from anterior end to pharyngo-intestinal junction84  ±  5.0 (76-92)76  ±  10.7 (53-98)
Distance from anterior end to excretory pore82 ± 6.5 (65-94)34 ± 3.2 (29-40)80 ± 8.0 (60-98)38 ± 5.8 (34-48)190 ± 30 (145-270)
Maximum body diameter14.3 ± 0.8 (12.7-15.9)445 ± 1,123 (269-602)13.1 ± 1.8 (8.8-17.2)271 ± 35 (237-306)431 ± 63 (311-581)15 ± 1.5 (12-18)420 ± 99 (274-568)
Body diameter at anus10.3  ±  0.8 (9.0-11.2)9.7  ±  1.0 (7.3-12.0)
Tail length50  ±  4.2 (42-57)48 ± 6 (31-63)49 ± 4 (36-56)55 ± 5 (40-66)
Hyaline13 ± 2.2 (9.1-17)13.7 ± 2.0 (9.1-17)13 ± 4 (7-20)
Distance from anterior end to end of pharynx165 ± 14.6 (135-183)150 ± 20 (103-210)193 ± 23 (90-216)
a 28 ± 1.8 (24-32)1.6 ± 0.3 (1.2-2.1)31.1 ± 4.9 (22-50)2.1 ± 0.1 (1.9-2.2)30.6 ± 2.07 (27.1-35.9)31 ± 3 (25-39)1.7 ± 0.4 (1.2-2.6)
b 4.8 ± 0.4 (3.7-5.4)5.4 ± 0.6 (3.7-7.2)2.42 ± 0.291 (2.1-3.35)5.2 ± 1.4 (4.3-12.4)
b′ 2.4 ± 0.3 (2.0-3.1)2.7 ± 0.4 (2.0-3.6)2.5 ± 0.5 (2.0-5.2)
c 8.0 ± 0.6 (7.3-9.4)8.4 ± 1.0 (6.8-10.8)8.5 ± 0.68 (7.3-11.1)8.5 ± 0.8 (7.2-11.3)
c′ 4.8 ± 0.5 (3.8-5.9)4.9 ± 0.6 (3.8-6.9)5.7 ± 0.5 (4.7-7.2)
Neck length204 ± 50 (139-279)272 ± 36 (235-307)259 ± 87 (153-540)
Ratio of body length to length of neck3.6 ± 0.8 (2.0-4.6)2.1 ± 0.2 (1.9-2.2)
Vulva slit length18.4 ± 1.9 (15.6-21.6)19.8 ± 1.0 (18.2-20.9)21 ± 3 (15-27)
Vulva–anus distance15.2 ± 1.0 (13.1-16.2)16.4 ± 1.0 (15.6-18.0)16 ± 4 (12-28)
Anus-tail tip distance12.3 ± 2 (9.3-15.8)10.6 ± 2.6 (8-14.8)
Distance between two phasmids16.8 ± 3.4 (13-24.4)20 ± 3.2 (17-24)24.4 ± 0.3 (15-34)78 ± 16 (58-108)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2021-011 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X
Language: English
Page range: 1 - 8
Published on: Jan 1, 2021
Published by: Society of Nematologists, Inc.
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2021 Ke Long Phan, Thi Mai Linh LE, Huu Tien Nguyen, Thi Duyen Nguyen, Quang Phap Trinh, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.