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Description and molecular phylogeny of Mesocriconema abolafiai n. sp. (Nematoda: Criconematidae) from Iran Cover

Description and molecular phylogeny of Mesocriconema abolafiai n. sp. (Nematoda: Criconematidae) from Iran

Journal of Nematology
Volume 52 (2020): Issue 1 (January 2020)
By: ,  ,   and    
Open Access
|May 2020
Figures & tables

Figures & Tables

Table 1.

Morphometric characters of Mesocriconema abolafiai n. sp. (measurements are in μm and in the form of average ± s.d. (range)).

Dehdasht populationBasht population
CharactersHolotype10 paratype females3 paratype males5 females
L540540 ± 65 (402–612)471 ± 33.6 (435–502)519 ± 65 (425–605)
a14.914 ± 1.5 (10.3–15.3)24.6 ± 3.2 (20.9–27.1)12.6 ± 1.2 (10.9–14.4)
b4.84.8 ± 0.6 (3.2–5.7)24.64.3 ± 0.5 (3.5–5.0)
c14.515.8 ± 2.4 (12.1–19.5)10.5 ± 0.5 (9.9–11)19.1 ± 2.4 (16.3–21.9)
c´1.41.3 ± 0 (1.3–1.4)3.3 ± 0.5 (2.9–3.9)1.3 ± 0 (1.1–1.4)
V90.590.3 ± 1.1 (87.8–91.9)–90.1 ± 0.4 (89.8–90.8)
Stylet56.955.2 ± 1.3 (52.8–57.2)–56.8 ± 2.3 (54–60)
Conus42.344 ± 6.3 (38.6–55.0)–41.9 ± 1.6 (40.0–44.5)
m (conus/stylet %)74.480.1 ± 11.2 (73.1–100.0)–73.7 ± 1.7 (71.9–76.3)
Pharynx110.7113 ± 8 (103–124)59.3119 ± 8 (105–126)
Post-vulval body length (VL)50.751.8 ± 4.9 (44.6–58.9)–51.2 ± 6.7 (43–60)
Secretory-excretory pore109108 ± 7 (99–118)106 ± 12 (92–113)108 ± 8 (97–118)
Lip region-vulva485.2488 ± 62 (353–553)468 ± 58.6 (382–545)
Lip region-anus498.9506 ± 64.1 (372–575)426 ± 29.5 (396–455)492 ± 63.8 (399–577)
Vulva-anus24.022 ± 2.9 (17.1–26.0)–24 ± 5.3 (17–32)
Tail length37.034.3 ± 3.6 (28.0–39.3)44.8 ± 4.5 (39.5–47.5)27.2 ± 2.9 (23–31)
Body width36.138.3 ± 2.4 (34.1–42.0)19.2 ± 1.6 (17.5–20.7)41.2 ± 4.3 (34–46)
Vulval body width (VB)30.430.1 ± 1.6 (27.2–32.3)–30.7 ± 1.9 (27.5–32.5)
VL/VB1.71.7 ± 0.1 (1.6–1.8)–1.6 ± 0.1 (1.5–1.8)
Annulus width5.25.4 ± 0.7 (4.1–6.5)2.8 ± 0.4 (2.3–3.2)5.7 ± 0.6 (4.9–6.8)
R104.0104.2 ± 4 (97–113)13297 ± 4.3 (90–101)
Rst16.015.5 ± 0.8 (14–17)–14.5 ± 0.5 (14–15)
Rph26.025 ± 1.4 (23–28)–24.8 ± 1.9 (23–28)
Rexp2923.2 ± 4.2 (19–30)49.6 ± 2 (48–52)27.1 ± 4.2 (24–29)
RV12.012 ± 0.8 (11–14)–12.8 ± 0.8 (12–14)
Ran8.09 ± 0.9 (8–10)–7.4 ± 0.5 (7–8)
RVan3.03.6 ± 0.4 (3–4)–3.6 ± 0.8 (3–5)
St/L × 10010.610.3 ± 1.3 (9.2–13.6)–11 ± 1.1 (9.4–12.7)
Spicules––34.2 ± 0.7 (33.6–35.0)–
Gubernaculum––6.2 ± 0.9 (5.3–7.2)–
Figure 1:

Diagnostic drawings of Mesocriconema abolafiai n. sp. Female (A, C-E, H, I) and Male (B, F, G). A, F: entire body; B-D: anterior end and pharyngeal region; E: reproductive system; G-I: posterior end.

Figure 2:

Light micrographs of Mesocriconema abolafiai n. sp. Female (A-J) and male (K-M). A: entire body; B, C and K: anterior end and pharyngeal region; D: cuticle at mid-body; E and F: cuticle at posterior end; G: vulval region and part of reproductive system; H-J and L: posterior end; M: spicule, gubernaculum and cloaca. (Scale bars: A = 50 µm; B-M = 10 µm).

Figure 3:

SEM micrograghs of Mesocriconema abolafiai n. sp. Female (A-L). A: anterior end (arrow pointing the secretory–excretory pore); B-E: lip region in sublateral, left subventral, frontal and right subventral views, respectively (arrows pointing the amphids); F: annuli; G: cuticle at mid-body; H: entire body; I-K: posterior end in lateral, subventral and terminal views, respectively (white arrow pointing the vulva, black arrow pointing the anus); L: excretory pore (arrow).

Table 2.

List of species, collection localities and GenBank accession numbers of individual specimens used in this study for phylogenetic analysis based on 28S rRNA gene.

Species nameGeneBank accession no.LocalitySpecies nameGeneBank accession no.Locality
Aglenchus agricola AY780979Belgium Hemicycliophora typica KF430515South Africa
Caloosia longicaudata GU989627USA H. wyei KC329574USA
Criconema demani MH828126Russia H. wyei KF430497USA
C. demani MH828128Russia Merlinius brevidens KP313844Iran
C. mutabile MK170079South Africa Mesocriconema abolafiai n. sp.MN334222Iran
Criconema sp.FN433874USA M. ornatum AY780968Venezuela
Criconemoides brevistylus JQ231183South Africa M. solivagum AY780969Russia
C. brevistylus JQ231184South Africa Mesocriconema sp.AY780967Italy
C. brevistylus KC937033China M. sphaerocephalum AB933464Japan
C. informis KU722386Iran M. sphaerocephalum AB933465Japan
C. myungsugae MH444641China M. sphaerocephalum AY780951Italy
C. obtusicaudatus JQ231186South Africa M. xenoplax AB933468Japan
C. obtusicaudatus JQ231187South Africa M. xenoplax AY780961Germany
Eutylenchus excretorius AY780980Germany M. xenoplax AY780963USA
Hemicaloosia guangzhouensis KT381016China M. xenoplax AY780965Italy
H. guangzhouensis KT381017China M. xenoplax FN433855USA
H. vagisclera JQ246422USA M. xenoplax FN433858USA
Hemicriconemoides gaddi MK050500China M. xenoplax FN433859USA
H. rosae MK371811India M. xenoplax KC538862USA
H. rosae MK371813India M. xenoplax MG680454Portugal
H. silvaticus KF856531Japan Ogma civellae AY780955Venezuela
H. strictathecatus MH142613China O. decalineatus MF683230South Africa
H. wessoni KF856521USA Paratylenchus tenuicaudatus KU291239Iran
Hemicycliophora conida FN433875Belgium Sphaeronema alni AY780978Germany
H. epicharoides KF430512Italy Trophonema arenarium AY780971Italy
H. gracilis KF430482USA Tylenchulus semipenetrans KM598334Iran
H. halophila KF430444New Zealand T. semipenetrans KM598335Iran
H. lutosa GQ406240South Africa T. semipenetrans MH156801China
H. lutosa GQ406241South Africa T. semipenetrans MH156802China
H. signata MG019824Mozambique Xenocriconemella macrodora AY780960Italy
H. subbotini MG701275China
Figure 4:

Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree as inferred from the D2 to D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA gene dataset of Criconematoidea under the general time reversible model of sequence evolution with correction for invariable sites and a gamma-shaped distribution (GTR + I + G). Posterior probabilities more than 50% are given for appropriate clades. The new obtained sequence in this study is indicated in bold. Scale bar=expected changes per site.

Table 3.

List of species, collection localities and GenBank accession numbers of individual specimens used in this study for phylogenetic analysis based on 18S rRNA gene.

Species nameGeneBank accession no.LocalitySpecies nameGeneBank accession no.Locality
Bakernema inaequale MF094908USA H. conida AJ966471GenBank
Criconema mutabile MF094914USA H. conida KJ934172USA
C. permistum MF094899USA H. conida KJ934173USA
C. petasum MF094927USA H. subbotini MG701280China
C. sphagni MF094968USA Lobocriconema sp.MF094981USA
Criconemoides annulatus MF095015USA L. thornei MF094928USA
C. annulatus MF095024USA L. thornei MF094996USA
C. informis MF094902USA Merlinius joctus FJ969128GenBank
C. informis MF095025USA Mesocriconema abolafiai n. sp.MN334221Iran
C. parvus MF795587China M. curvatum MF094891USA
Crossonema fimbriatum MF095026USA M. discus MF094892USA
C. fimbriatum MF094960USA M. inaratum MF094903USA
C. menzeli MF094937USA M. onoense MF094909USA
Discocriconemella limitanea MF795591China M. ornatum MF094893USA
D. limitanea MF095031Costa Rica M. rusticum MF094965USA
Gracilacus paralatescens MH200615China Mesocriconema sp.MF094967USA
G. wuae MF095028Canada Mesocriconema sp.MF095012USA
Hemicaloosia graminis JQ446376USA M. sphaerocephalum KJ934182USA
Hemicriconemoides. chitwoodi KJ934162USA M. xenoplax KJ934180USA
Hemicriconemoides. fujianensis MH444626China M. xenoplax KJ934177USA
H. kanayaensis MG029558China M. xenoplax MF095021USA
H. kanayaensis MG029559China M. xenoplax MF094992USA
H. parasinensis MH444635China Ogma decalineatus MF094952USA
H. parataiwanensis MG029556China O. menzeli EU669919GenBank
H. parataiwanensis MG029557China O. seymouri MF094933USA
H. pseudobrachyurus AY284622GenBank Ogma sp.KJ934175USA
Hemicriconemoides sp.MF095013Thailand Paratylenchus straeleni AY284631GenBank
H. wessoni KJ934163USA Tylenchulus semipenetrans MH136626China
H. wessoni KJ934166USA T. semipenetrans AJ966511UK
Hemicycliophora aquatica MF094911USA Xenocriconemella macrodora MF095001USA
H. conida EU669914GenBank
Figure 5:

Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree as inferred from the 18S rRNA gene dataset of Criconematoidea under the general time reversible model of sequence evolution with correction for invariable sites and a gamma-shaped distribution (GTR + I + G). Posterior probabilities more than 50% are given for appropriate clades. The new obtained sequence in this study is indicated in bold. Scale bar = expected changes per site.

Table 4.

List of species, collection localities and GenBank accession numbers of individual specimens used in this study for phylogenetic analysis based on ITS rRNA gene.

Species nameGeneBank accession no.LocalitySpecies nameGeneBank accession no.Locality
Coslenchus rhombus MK874505South Africa Mesocriconema curvatum MF094891USA
Criconema silvum MF683236South Africa M. inaratum HM116070USA
C. silvum MF683237South Africa M. inaratum HM116069USA
Criconemoides brevistylus KC937032China M. inaratum HM116058USA
C. brevistylus JQ231188South Africa M. inaratum HM116055USA
C. myungsugae MH444640China M. inaratum HM116052USA
C. myungsugae MH444639China M. inaratum HM116051USA
C. obtusicaudatus JQ231189South Africa M. nebraskense MH013431USA
C. obtusicaudatus JQ231190South Africa M. nebraskense KY574844USA
Crossonema sp.MK292124USA M. nebraskense KY574860USA
Hemicriconemoides californianus KF856558USA M. nebraskense KY574861USA
H. californianus KF856560USA M. nebraskense KY574862USA
H. chitwoodi KF856543USA M. nebraskense KY574863USA
H. fujianensis MH444616China M. nebraskense KY574864USA
H. kanayaensis EF126179Taiwan M. nebraskense KY574865USA
H. kanayaensis MG029566China M. onoense JQ708120USA
H. kanayaensis MG029568China M. ornatum JQ708124USA
H. ortonwilliamsi KF856552Spain M. ozarkiense JQ708122USA
H. paracamelliae MG029560China Mesocriconema sp.KY574858USA
H. promissus KF856555Spain Mesocriconema sp.KY574857USA
H. rosae MK371815India Mesocriconema sp.KY574856USA
Hemicriconemoides sp.KM516185USA M. xenoplax JQ708112USA
H. strictathecatus KF856565South Africa M. xenoplax HM116073USA
H. strictathecatus MH142617China M. xenoplax HM116057USA
H. strictathecatus KM516186USA M. xenoplax MF095021USA
H. strictathecatus KM516190USA M. xenoplax MF094992USA
H. strictathecatus KM516191USA M. xenoplax MF094915USA
Hemicycliophora californica KF430576USA M. xenoplax MF094916USA
H. gracilis MG019827USA Neobakernema variabile MF683239USA
H. raskii KF430577USA N. variabile MF683238USA
H. thienemanni KF430569Russia Ogma decalineatus MF683235USA
Mesocriconema abolafiai n. sp.MN334228Iran Paratylenchus hamatus KF242257USA
M. curvatum HM116062USA Tylenchulus semipenetrans JN112274USA
M. curvatum HM116064USA T. semipenetrans FJ588909China
M. curvatum HM116066USA T. semipenetrans MH124562China
M. curvatum HM116067USA T. semipenetrans MH124561China
M. curvatum HM116068USA
Figure 6:

Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree as inferred from the ITS rRNA gene dataset of Criconematoidea under the symmetrical model of sequence evolution with a gamma-shaped distribution (SYM + G). Posterior probabilities more than 50% are given for appropriate clades. The new obtained sequence in this study is indicated in bold. Scale bar = expected changes per site.

Table 5.

Summary of the diagnostic characteristics of 12 species of Mesocriconema recently described worldwide. For other species, see (Brzeski et al., 2002). (St measurements in µm, L measurements in mm).

SpeciesStRRexRVRVanRanVVL/VBAnas.A. M.VaginaA. V. lipTail shapeLS. M. L.Original des.
M. abolafiai n. sp.52–6090–11319–3011–143–57–1087–901.5–1.81smo.–irr.straightsimplecon–acute0.4–0.61flatPresent study
M. apurense 48–52140–14736–389–121–28–993–95–0smo.straightlobulated, without projectionscon.–rounded0.38–0.45rounded Crozzoli and Lamberti (2001)
M. campbelli 58–62102–10825–2811–15–5–789–931.2–1.8raresmo.–ser.straightserratedcon.–pointed0.37–0.45– Wouts (2006)
M. juliae 79–8689–95268–91–25–691–92–fewsmo.straightwith two projectionsconical0.46–0.51flat Crozzoli and Lamberti (2001)
M. lamothei 65–7089–9817–316–80–24–891–95raresmo.slightly curvedwith two projectionscon.–truncate0.40–0.49roundedCid del Prado Vera (2009)
M. lobellum 51–6085–92256–72–33–492–930.9–1.2rare–straightsimplerounded0.41–0.53rounded Pramodini et al. (2007)
M. malagutii 45–49108–11433–358–924–693–94–manysmo.straightlobulated, without projectionscon.–truncate0.34–0.40rounded Crozzoli and Lamberti (2001)
M. nebraskense 45–5984–11324–316–112–33–790–960.7–1.61–4smo.straightwith two projectionsrounded0.39–0.60rounded Olson et al. (2017)
M. ovospermatum 821093893693–0finely crenatestraight?conical0.22? Mohilal and Dhanachand (1998)
M. ozarkiense 49–61107–11927–3410–142–46–1089–931.0–1.40–1som.–irr.straightsimpleconical0.38–0.51flat Cordero et al. (2012)
M. theobromae 47–5173–7424–2671593–94–manysom.straightlobulated, without projectionsconical0.27–0.32rounded Crozzoli and Lamberti (2001)
M. waitha 66–78117-14026–319–104–54–692–940.9–1.0manysom.-irr.sigmoidsimplerounded0.43-0.53flat? Pramodini et al. (2006)

1 Notes: St, stylet; Anas., Anastomoses; A. M., Annuli margin; A. V. lip, Anterior vulval lip; S. M. L, Submedian lobes; smo., smooth; ser., serrate; irr., irregular; con, conical; Original des., Original description.

Note1: Mesocriconema bakeri (Wu, 1965; Loof and De Grisse, 1989); M. calvatum (Eroshenko, 1982; Loof and De Grisse, 1989); M. hymenophorum (Wouts and Sturhan, 1999); M. longistyletum (De Grisse and Maas, 1970; Loof and De Grisse, 1989); M. paramonovi (Razzhivin, 1974; Loof and De Grisse, 1989); M. variabile (Raski and Golden, 1966; Brzeski et al., 2002) and M. yukonense (Ebsary, 1982, 1991) that have been listed in Brzeski et al. (2002), transferred to Neobakernema (Ebsary, 1981b) by Geraert (2010).

Note2: Mesocriconema incrassatum (Raski and Golden, 1966; Loof and De Grisse, 1989) that has been listed in Brzeski et al. (2002), transferred to Lobocriconema (De Grisse and Loof, 1965) by Geraert (2010).

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2020-048 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X
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Language: English
Page range: 1 - 17
Submitted on: Oct 15, 2019
Published online: May 25, 2020
Published in print: Jan 1, 2020
Published by: Society of Nematologists, Inc.
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Keywords:
Criconematidae,
Mesocriconema,
M. abolafiai n. sp.,
Phylogeny,
Morphology,
Morphometric,
New species,
28S rRNA,
18S rRNA,
ITS rRNA
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Life sciences, other

© 2020 Hossein Mirbabaei Karani, Ali Eskandari, Reza Ghaderi, Akbar Karegar, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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