Table 1.
Molecular identification of plant-parasitic nematode species in the rooting zone of hop cultivars in a Florida field soil.
| Common name | GenBank accession | Closest accession | Percent identity (%) | Species |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 28S Gene region a | ||||
| Dagger | MN922336.1 | KX931065.1 | 97.5 | Xiphinema setariae/vulgare complex |
| Lesion | MN922338.1 | MG745329.1 | 98.8 | Pratylenchus brachyurus |
| Ring | MN922337.1 | FN433872.1 | 98.1 | Mesocriconema xenoplax |
| Spiral | MN922339.1 | AB602601.1 | 99.1 | Helicotylenchus sp. |
| Stubby-Root | MN922340.1 | MG938546.1 | 100 | Paratrichodorus minor |
| 18S Gene region b | ||||
| Lesion | MN911166.1 | KY677821.1 | 98.8 | Pratylenchus brachyurus |
| Spiral | MN911167.1 | MK796435.1 | 98.8 | Helicotylenchus dihystera |
| Stubby-Root | MN911168.1 | KJ934126.1 | 100 | Paratrichodorus minor |
Table 2.
Effect of hop cultivar and planting material source on soil populations of plant-parasitic nematodes and root galling in December 2016 in Hop Yard Planting No. 1.
| Nematodes per 200 mL of soil (No.) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Cultivar (Source) | Meloidogyne javanica | Pratylenchus brachyurus | Gall rating (0-10) |
| ‘CTZ’ | 46 | 19 | 1.44 c |
| ‘Cascade’ (OR) | 277 | 42 | 3.92 abc |
| ‘Cascade’ (WA) | 102 | 26 | 2.53 bc |
| ‘Centennial’ (OR) | 336 | 23 | 5.94 ab |
| ‘Centennial’ (WA) | 389 | 27 | 4.42 abc |
| ‘Chinook’ | 526 | 21 | 6.67 a |
| ‘Fuggle’ | 127 | 11 | 5.83 ab |
| ‘Magnum’ | 31 | 69 | 0.72 c |
| ‘Nugget’ | 56 | 29 | 1.75 c |
| ‘Sorachi Ace’ | 75 | 19 | 3.92 abc |
| ‘Triple Perle’ | 20 | 7 | 1.17 c |
| ‘Willamette’ | 175 | 31 | 3.08 abc |
| p-Value | 0.651 | 0.904 | <0.001 |
Table 3.
Effect of hop cultivar on soil populations of Meloidogyne javanica in Hop Yard Planting No. 2.
| Meloidogyne javanica/200 mL soil | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cultivar (Source) | December 2017 | July 2018 | December 2018 | July 2019 |
| ‘Cascade’ (WA) | 16 | 68 ab | 208 | 20 |
| ‘Cascade’ (FL) | 48 | 3 b | 155 | 29 |
| ‘Cashmere’ | 2 | 22 ab | 89 | 34 |
| ‘Centennial’ (WA) | 36 | 106 a | 320 | 132 |
| ‘Centennial’ (FL) | 48 | 69 ab | 372 | 37 |
| ‘Chinook’ (WA) | 1 | 17 ab | 99 | 9 |
| ‘Chinook’ (FL) | 67 | 0 b | 37 | 5 |
| ‘Comet’ | 27 | 13 b | 278 | 69 |
| ‘Magnum’ | 1 | 6 b | 234 | 21 |
| ‘Nugget’ | 5 | 10 b | 85 | 1 |
| ‘Triple Perle’ | 1 | 1 b | 23 | 23 |
| ‘Zeus’ | 0 | 46 ab | 33 | 26 |
| P-value | 0.225 | 0.004 | 0.922 | 0.689 |
Table 4.
Effect of hop cultivar on soil populations of Pratylenchus brachyurus in Hop Yard Planting No. 2.
| Pratylenchus brachyurus/200 mL soil | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cultivar (Source) | December 2017 | July 2018 | December 2018 | July 2019 |
| ‘Cascade’ (WA) | 0 | 4 | 23 | 13 |
| ‘Cascade’ (FL) | 85 | 40 | 24 | 3 |
| ‘Cashmere’ | 0 | 13 | 25 | 5 |
| ‘Centennial’ (WA) | 0 | 3 | 6 | 10 |
| ‘Centennial’ (FL) | 40 | 22 | 21 | 5 |
| ‘Chinook’ (WA) | 0 | 33 | 23 | 13 |
| ‘Chinook’ (FL) | 33 | 7 | 17 | 4 |
| ‘Comet’ | 34 | 8 | 14 | 7 |
| ‘Magnum’ | 2 | 17 | 98 | 8 |
| ‘Nugget’ | 0 | 15 | 19 | 3 |
| ‘Triple Perle’ | 1 | 21 | 25 | 7 |
| ‘Zeus’ | 1 | 71 | 87 | 18 |
| p-value | 0.142 | 0.085 | 0.557 | 0.643 |
Table 5.
Effect of hop cultivar on soil populations of Meloidogyne javanica in Hop Yard Planting No. 3.
| Meloidogyne javanica/200 mL Soil | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cultivar | December 2017 | July 2018 | December 2018 | July 2019 |
| ‘Canadian Red Vine’ | 88 | 128 | 486 | 19 |
| ‘Galena’ | 8 | 146 | 93 | 9 |
| ‘Mt. Rainier’ | 31 | 153 | 522 | 5 |
| ‘Tahoma’ | 80 | 427 | 339 | 18 |
| ‘Willamette’ | 12 | 190 | 275 | 10 |
| p-value | 0.274 | 0.337 | 0.309 | 0.677 |
Table 6.
Effect of hop cultivar on soil populations of Pratylenchus brachyurus in Hop Yard Planting No. 3.
| Pratylenchus brachyurus/200 mL soil | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cultivar | December 2017 | July 2018 | December 2018 | July 2019 |
| ‘Canadian Red Vine’ | 1 | 10 | 14 | 8 |
| ‘Galena’ | 11 | 17 | 60 | 18 |
| ‘Mt. Rainier’ | 3 | 18 | 63 | 20 |
| ‘Tahoma’ | 2 | 4 | 20 | 7 |
| ‘Willamette’ | 8 | 5 | 28 | 3 |
| p-value | 0.559 | 0.165 | 0.305 | 0.217 |
Table 7.
Effect of hop cultivar on root galling and the abundance of Meloidogyne javanica eggs per plant in the greenhouse experiment.
| Cultivar | Gall rating (0-10) | Meloidogyne javanica eggs per plant (No.) |
|---|---|---|
| ‘Canadian Red Vine’ | 5.33 abc | 6,267 c |
| ‘Cascade’ | 1.83 def | 17,253 abc |
| ‘Cashmere’ | 5.50 ab | 29,960 ab |
| ‘Centennial’ | 3.17 b-e | 23,107 abc |
| ‘Chinook’ | 5.00 abc | 16,493 abc |
| ‘Comet’ | 6.67 a | 38,653 a |
| ‘Galena’ | 0.50 f | 4,707 c |
| ‘Magnum’ | 3.33 bcd | 2,453 c |
| ‘Mt. Rainier’ | 3.33 b-e | 10,893 bc |
| ‘Nugget’ | 3.00 cde | 7,307 bc |
| ‘Tahoma’ | 3.33 b-e | 8,880 bc |
| ‘Triple Perle’ | 3.17 b-e | 12,707 bc |
| ‘Willamette’ | 1.67 def | 2,949 c |
| ‘Zeus’ | 4.67 abc | 13,360 bc |
| p-value | <0.001 | <0.001 |