Perception of dental midline deviation and smile attractiveness by eye-tracking and aesthetic ratings

Aşik, Sümeyye; Kök, Hatice

doi:10.21307/aoj-2021.020

Figures & Tables

The study photograph and eight modified smile photographs. The dental midline was shifted to the left and right segments gradually. A. Dental Midline In Place (DML0). B. Shifted Dental Midline 1 mm Right (DML1R). C. Shifted Dental Midline 2 mm Right (DML2R). D. Shifted Dental Midline 3 mm Right (DML3R). E. Shifted Dental Midline 4 mm Right (DML4R). F. Shifted Dental Midline 1 mm Left (DML1L). G. Shifted Dental Midline 2 mm Left (DML2L). H. Shifted Dental Midline 3 mm Left (DML3L). I. Shifted Dental Midline 4 mm Left (DML4L).

A. The detection of the VP eyes. B. The calibration of the VP eyes.

The correlation between datasets of eye-tracking, VAS, and Likert scale_

DML0 Rho (p)	VAS	LIKERT
DMLTTFD	0.011 (0.918)	0.018 (0.861)
DMLTFFD	‒0.204 (0.047*)	‒0.196 (0.056)
DMLP TFD	‒0.113 (0.459)	‒0.065 (0.670)
VAS		0.804 (<0.001***)
DML1R Rho (p)	VAS	LIKERT
DML1R TFD	0.098 (0.417)	0.077 (0.525)
DML1R FFD	0.236 (0.049)	0.272 (0.023)
VAS		0.810 (<0.001***)
DML1L Rho (p)	VAS	LIKERT
DML1L TFD	0.038 (0.737)	‒0.008 (0.941)
DML1L FFD	‒0.056 (0.625)	‒0.005 (0.963)
VAS		0.836 (<0.001***)
DML2R Rho (p)	VAS	LIKERT
DML2R TFD	‒0.134 (0.095)	‒0.139 (0.083)
DML2R FFD	0.120 (0.135)	0.095 (0.235)
VAS		0.852 (<0.001***)
DML2L Rho (p)	VAS	LIKERT
DML2L TFD	‒0.145 (0.086)	‒0.183 (0.030)
DML2L FFD	0.017 (0.842)	0.072 (0.399)
VAS		0.861 (<0.001***)
DML3R Rho (p)	VAS	LIKERT
DML3R TFD	0.049 (0.552)	0.026 (0.752)
DML3R FFD	0.034 (0.684)	0.041 (0.623)
VAS		0.877 (<0.001***)
DML3L Rho (p)	VAS	LIKERT
DML3L TFD	‒0.120 (0.143)	‒0.187 (0.022*)
DML3L FFD	0.086 (0.296)	0.114 (0.164)
VAS		0.868 (<0.001***)
DML4R Rho (p)	VAS	LIKERT
DML4R TFD	‒0.111 (0.147)	‒0.122 (0.112)
DML4R FFD	0.162 (0.034*)	0.198 (0.009**)
VAS		0.840 (<0.001***)
DML4L Rho (p)	VAS	LIKERT
DML4L TFD	‒0.225 (0.023*)	‒0.266 (0.042*)
DML4L FFD	0.161 (0.232)	0.165 (0.128)
VAS		0.843 (<0.001***)

The repeated photographs correlations between datasets of eye-tracking, VAS, and Likert scale_

DML2LRho (p)	VAS	LIKERT	VAS2	LIKERT2
DML2L TFD	‒0.145 (0.086)	‒0.183 (0.030*)	‒0.145 (0.086)	‒0.183 (0.073)
DML2L FFD	0.017 (0.842)	0.072 (0.399)	0.017 (0.842)	0.072 (0.399)
VAS		0.861 (<0.001***)	0.711 (<0.001***)	0.622 (<0.001***)
VAS2		0.635 (<0.001***)		0.872 (<0.001***)
LjKERT2		0.656 (<0.001***)
DML3RRho (p)	VAS	LjKERT	VAS2	LjKERT2
DML3R TFD	0.049 (0.552)	0.026 (0.752)	‒0.027 (0.748)	‒0.078 (0.347)
DML3R FFD	0.034 (0.684)	0.041 (0.623)	0.083 (0.314)	0.159 (0.053)
VAS		0.877 (<0.001***)	0.714 (<0.001***)	0.618 (<0.001***)
VAS2		0.625 (<0.001***)		0.854 (<0.001***)
LjKERT2		0.650 (<0.001***)

Fixation values based on occupational groups_

DML (sn)	Dentist	Ortodontist	Patient relatives	Layperson	p
DML (sn)	M ± SD				p
DMLT (n = 131)
TFD	1.74 ± 0.98	1.73 ± 1.01	1.74 ± 0.98	1.41 ± 0.5	0.611
FFD	1.3 ± 1.2	1.12 ± 1.08	1.13 ± 1.09	1.54 ± 1.44	0.870
VC	0.61	0.49	0.46	0.41	0.640
DMLP (n = 56)
TFD	0.47 ± 0.33	0.30 ± 0.16	0.76 ± 0.64	0.46 ± 0.48	0.026*
FFD	1.38 ± 1.17	0.85 ± 0.45	1±1.18	1.11 ± 1.19	0.621
VC	1	1	1	1	0.322
DML1R (n = 70)
TFD	0.53 ± 0.51	0.52 ± 0.6	0.33 ± 0.25	0.44 ± 0.54	0.483
FFD	1.34 ± 0.9	1.2 ± 1.08	1.4 ± 1.14	1.57 ± 1.4	0.935
VC	1	1	1	1	0.404
DML1L (n = 80)
TFD	0.52 ± 0.44	0.5 ± 0.39	0.45 ± 0.35	0.31 ± 0.2	0.450
FFD	1.4 ± 1.22	1.91 ± 1.17	1.46 ± 1.28	1.38 ± 1.29	0.415
VC	1.5	1	1	1	0.014*
DML2R (n = 157)
TFD	0.84 ± 0.8	0.93 ± 0.71	0.51 ± 0.42	0.66 ± 0.55	0.026*
FFD	0.89 ± 0.92	0.85 ± 0.81	1.13 ± 1.03	1.12 ± 1.04	0.496
VC	2	2	1.5	1	0.085
DML2L (n = 141)
TFD	0.75 ± 0.61	0.85 ± 0.73	0.68 ± 0.6	0.61 ± 0.52	0.378
FFD	1.17 ± 1	1.04 ± 1.12	1.29 ± 1.23	1.48 ± 1.25	0.530
VC	1	2	2	1	0.638
DML3R (n = 149)
TFD	0.85 ± 0.62	0.73 ± 0.75	0.77 ± 0.58	0.73 ± 0.64	0.311
FFD	0.93 ± 1.08	1.16 ± 1.15	0.86 ± 1.09	1.08 ± 1.09	0.297
VC	2	1	1	1	0.090
DML3L (n = 151)
TFD	0.83 ± 0.64	0.82 ± 0.61	0.61 ± 0.64	0.59 ± 0.46	0.072
FFD	1.04 ± 1.01	0.95 ± 1.16	1.19 ± 1.14	1.48 ± 1.21	0.214
VC	2	2	1.5	2	0.080
DML4R (n = 171)
TFD	0.97 ± 0.65	0.98 ± 0.71	0.77 ± 0.5	0.73 ± 0.62	0.135
FFD	0.59 ± 0.83	0.71 ± 0.9	0.93 ± 1.07	0.89 ± 1.06	0.269
VC	3	2	2	2	0.148
DML4L (n = 177)
TFD	0.85 ± 0.57	1.04 ± 0.66	0.89 ± 0.65	0.85 ± 0.58	0.445
FFD	0.67 ± 0.76	0.59 ± 0.73	0.88 ± 0.89	0.71 ± 0.94	0.294
VC	2	2	2	2	0.768

VAS and Likert scale scores according to occupational groups_

DML	Dentist	Ortodontist	Patient relatives	Layperson	p
DML	M ± SD				p
DML0-VAS	8.41 ± 1.22	8.48 ± 1.19	8.84 ± 1.31	8.44 ± 1.45	0.204
DML1R-VAS	6.71 ± 2.2	6.5 ± 1.81	7.86 ± 1.69	7.31 ± 1.64	0.002**
DML1L-VAS	7.31 ± 1.96	7.52 ± 1.89	8.66 ± 1.57	8.56 ± 1.65	<0.001***
DML2R-VAS	4.96 ± 2.23	4.45 ± 2.36	6.96 ± 2.26	7.33 ± 2.37	<0.001***
DML2L- VAS	3.65 ± 2.31	3.76 ± 1.75	5.36 ± 2.48	5.38 ± 2.59	<0.001***
DML2L-VAS2	3.45 ± 2.26	3.4 ± 2.12	5.1 ± 2.89	4.96 ± 2.58	0.001***
DML3R-VAS	2.78 ± 2.34	3.26 ± 1.99	4.72 ± 2.66	4.71 ± 2.7	<0.001***
DML3R-VAS2	2.18 ± 2.09	2.48 ± 1.93	3.76 ± 2.72	3.88 ± 2.39	<0.001***
DML3L-VAS	3.55 ± 2.31	3.24 ± 2.12	4.94 ± 2.92	5.67 ± 2.6	<0.001***
DML4R-VAS	1.55 ± 1.98	1.69 ± 1.76	3.1 ± 2.51	3.17 ± 2.32	<0.001***
DML4L-VAS	2.25 ± 2.11	2.31 ± 1.69	3.72 ± 2.62	3.54 ± 2.5	0.003**
DML0-Likert	3.27 ± 0.49	3.38 ± 0.54	3.5 ± 0.54	3.25 ± 0.59	0.085
DML1R-Likert	2.55 ± 0.92	2.6 ± 0.77	2.94 ± 0.62	2.75 ± 0.71	0.063
DML1L-Likert	2.84 ± 0.86	2.9 ± 0.93	3.42 ± 0.64	3.35 ± 0.71	<0.001***
DML2R-Likert	1.86 ± 0.89	1.74 ± 0.96	2.76 ± 0.96	2.85 ± 0.96	<0.001***
DML2L-Likert	1.33 ± 0.91	1.26 ± 0.66	2.18 ± 0.94	2.19 ± 0.97	<0.001***
DML2L-Likert2	1.2 ± 0.85	1.21 ± 0.78	1.94 ± 1.2	2.06 ± 1.04	<0.001***
DML3R-Likert	0.92 ± 0.91	1.07 ± 0.68	1.88 ± 1.06	1.88 ± 1.1	<0.001***
DML3R-Likert2	0.8 ± 0.72	0.76 ± 0.66	1.46 ± 1.11	1.56 ± 0.94	<0.001***
DML3L-Likert	1.27 ± 0.96	1.14 ± 0.81	2.08 ± 1.16	2.19 ± 1.01	<0.001***
DML4R-Likert	0.55 ± 0.76	0.4 ± 0.54	1.2 ± 0.99	1.33 ± 0.92	<0.001***
DML4L-Likert	0.76 ± 0.86	0.76 ± 0.53	1.52 ± 0.97	1.37 ± 0.97	0.001***

Perception of dental midline deviation and smile attractiveness by eye-tracking and aesthetic ratings

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

The correlation between datasets of eye-tracking, VAS, and Likert scale_

The repeated photographs correlations between datasets of eye-tracking, VAS, and Likert scale_

Fixation values based on occupational groups_

VAS and Likert scale scores according to occupational groups_

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