References
- Goodman JR, Jones PJ, Hobkirk JA, King PA. Hypodontia: 1. Clinical features and the management of mild to moderate hypodontia. Dent Update 1994;21:381-4.
- Cobourne MT. Familial human hypodontia -- is it all in the genes? Br Dent J 2007;203:203-8.
- Hobkirk JA, King PA, Goodman JR, Jones SP. Hypodontia: 2. The management of severe hypodontia. Dent Update 1995;22:8-11.
- Harris EF, Clark LL. Hypodontia: An epidemiologic study of American black and white people. Am J of Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2008;134:761-7.
- Khalaf K, Miskelly J, Voge E, Macfarlane TV. Prevalence of hypodontia and associated factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthod 2014;41:299-316.
- Current Population Estimates, Malaysia, 2018-2019. Department of Statistics, Malaysia 2019.
- Nik Hussein NN. Hypodontia in the permanent dentition: a study of its prevalence in Malaysian children. Aust Orthod J 1989;11:93-5.
- Mani SA, Mohsin WS, John J. Prevalence and patterns of tooth agenesis among Malay children. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2014;45:490-8.
- Shimizu T, Maeda T. Prevalence and genetic basis of tooth agenesis. Jpn Dent Sci Rev 2009;45:52-8.
- Ide M, Kuriyama C, Takeuchi C, Takamizawa Y, Takamizawa S, Namba T et al. The prevalence of congenitally missing permanent teeth in Japanese children: A survey conducted in south-west area of Kanto district. Pediatric Dental Journal 2011;21:24-30.
- Zhang J, Liu HC, Lyu X, Shen GH, Deng XX, Li WR et al. Prevalence of tooth agenesis in adolescent Chinese populations with or without orthodontics. Chin J Dent Res 2015;18:59-65.
- Aktan AM, Kara IM, Şener İ, Bereket C, Ay S, Çiftçi ME. Radiographic study of tooth agenesis in the Turkish population. Oral Radiol 2010;26:95-100.
- Qian L, Chew MT, Yow M, Wong HC, Weng K, Foong C. Anomalies of permanent tooth number in three Asian ethnicities. Aust Orthod J 2017;33:212-9.
- Polder BJ, Van’t Hof MA, Van der Linden FP, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM. A meta-analysis of the prevalence of dental agenesis of permanent teeth. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2004;32:217-26.
- Mattheeuws N, Dermaut L, Martens G. Has hypodontia increased in Caucasians during the 20th century? A meta-analysis. Eur J Orthod 2004;26:99-103.
- Marques LS, Pordeus IA, Ramos-Jorge ML, Filogônio CA, Filogônio CB, Pereira LJ et al. Factors associated with the desire for orthodontic treatment among Brazilian adolescents and their parents. BMC Oral Health 2009;9:34.
- Miguel JA, Sales HX, Quintão CC, Oliveira BH, Feu D. Factors associated with orthodontic treatment seeking by 12–15-year-old children at a state university-funded clinic. J Orthod 2010;37:100-6.
- Goya HA, Tanaka S, Maeda T, Akimoto Y. An orthopantomographic study of hypodontia in permanent teeth of Japanese pediatric patients. J Oral Sci 2008;50:143-50.
- Endo T, Ozoe R, Kubota M, Akiyama M, Shimooka S. A survey of hypodontia in Japanese orthodontic patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2006;129:29-35.
- Gökkaya B, Motro M, Kargül B. Prevalence and characteristics of non-syndromic hypodontia among Turkish orthodontic patient population. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2015;5:170-5.
- Nik Hussein NN, Majid ZA. Dental Anomalies in the Permanent Dentition. Dent J Malaysia 1995;2:6-11.
- Butler PM. Studies of the Mammalian Dentition. Differentiation of the post-canine dentition. Proc Zool Soc London 1939;109:1-36.
- Fukuta Y, Totsuka M, Takeda Y, Yamamoto H. Congenital absence of the permanent canines: a clinico-statistical study. J Oral Sci 2004;46:247-52.
- Rózsa N, Nagy K, Vajó Z, Gábris K, Soós A, Alberth M et al. Prevalence and distribution of permanent canine agenesis in dental paediatric and orthodontic patients in Hungary. Eur J Orthod 2009;31:374-9.
- Rose J. A survey of congenitally missing teeth, excluding third molars in 6000 orthodontic patients. Dent Pract Dent Rec 1966;17:107-14.
- Ajami BA, Shabzendedar M, Mehrjerdian M. Prevalence of hypodontia in nine- to fourteen-year-old children who attended the Mashhad School of Dentistry. Indian J Dent Res 2010;21:549-51.
- Davis PJ. Hypodontia and hyperdontia of permanent teeth in Hong Kong schoolchildren. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1987;15:218-20.
- Loke ST. Hypodontia in Sabah – What’s missing. Dent J Malaysia 1999;20:6-10.
- Yaacob H, Nambiar P, Naidu MD. Racial characteristics of human teeth with special emphasis on the Mongoloid dentition. Malays J Pathol 1996;18:1-7.