Figure 1.
![Fragment of the map of Kharkiv, 1902, showing the location of “Big Block” downtown quarter [11]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470702c83f1392090d6982f/j_acee-2021-004_fig_001.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBBM74A4T%2F20251212%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251212T231139Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEEcaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJHMEUCIQCSDFPXoBx8KZl1JnEbdah40IdHkMYigz%2Fuc%2FSTS1xdfwIgKyEwuYwFB4fC1i%2FlmTTEeV11fS3x%2B3syRomnHgSkJ%2F8qvQUIEBACGgw5NjMxMzQyODk5NDAiDNmcanWJdL7QX77z4yqaBSVVZ4aykYGiy0gH2aOP3Vvu6kOj%2FY9imVDLOK8ljiYEmNB6169t3NT6AmkKHLmzu95NZzeI58EuHBHBEAEMNOXtHwS128qFT0ElRsj39%2Flbu013o0xhAgHztYBlfBCcb2Y%2BrwLuSIIjdKPtoFq%2B0UX5F%2BT4tqXjeASF7qIDNs7WcUVCZ7owirnrNIjh1aNIfUDdQtDyYkJQlHtPLB4rQzDvWOzhqhiygdo8s3o0jvTQSFjob3PtidqI6ackbtGUXjIhXWvEnc8kcGN8vLlNVJccx%2FgOr0jIRUnLvuIxFVTJ7vCopRxpGGpBOV%2Bpx3B7vWF8h%2F7tv1k%2B8QDKOhxS3gKHiXzlVCeiOueMuT1wBoAyvjilmaIN1PBsaqE1Ukyt8TfyloJgKrhI%2BXDARz%2ByoGnuT59w%2B5cUqv4WQejYkz%2FGUcU1yD%2BVnCe13sXk5dVnxGAP3GcasUkwZsikRFFM%2FZN1VT7boO2nuftzTD3ImVWqEZWDQk6huPs0PJYb6LqVxYdQ%2B3uYUyyjfGWOu4Epb%2B6Rz59U57yGThYWQYq8mY0dYsOeVxa0UWQhfJRvBbmfkzVJRpC175ICQtac4q%2FjCbLe4UaheFseaDorrweOMyqzaXpkp3Jk5CV0BpwIonj84rnSm7QgXbmZIYyeSTGRU2rHLxpzHKRX%2F387PDEhFcYqGTM%2Blvv6U3Y7WDDTBCViADcZFPX6Fdj7cX4lOIOa4n64lz6DtBl%2BlORVDIFPy%2Br4HHJfvASeEX19GMNHBDk6MwNK8s8vX52VSyIfJYZaYdveCaT0GgP2MY4cqqTEzNmesazW0iE9SwWmdx%2Fs24wC5Dj%2Bq1HDAM%2BRQ8HhxV9iMIy4MU55JtB%2FaonrCcTWlLCPNGIMXP9TV%2BYSmDCGsvLJBjqxAcUMnNCUuGRg7%2Bbmf9HGOeVkesZWhTtnsGfFwGd0F%2FPCb%2Bajq6RvD2FM1fM95bITTq6hCyIeU9Q1KmvP1bsZHeUQ5UozZABX%2FBEQxpUD0SLMwtY3RHpnF2xUNxDcfAHNnKC5CaENpOT83ddozoTkNR5gJab5RnzbpL4I5GRopi504YJ%2BwoXE8wBySmT%2BW8GO8A93Vny0JEe8IV6igkgdyjQVBDFUTKoK41%2F6iF0P51S00Q%3D%3D&X-Amz-Signature=cc1000a5477b4246ba8119cacac7cf2d3642618279090f51b3c3245889d5b8c2&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 2.
![Photographs showing the original look of the Old Arcade before reconstruction in 1893 [12]: on the left – a photograph of 1885 depicting Merchants Descent from bridge over river Lopan; on the right – postcard of the late 19th century depicting Merchants Descent from University street (between 1875 and 1893)](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470702c83f1392090d6982f/j_acee-2021-004_fig_002.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBBM74A4T%2F20251212%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251212T231139Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEEcaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJHMEUCIQCSDFPXoBx8KZl1JnEbdah40IdHkMYigz%2Fuc%2FSTS1xdfwIgKyEwuYwFB4fC1i%2FlmTTEeV11fS3x%2B3syRomnHgSkJ%2F8qvQUIEBACGgw5NjMxMzQyODk5NDAiDNmcanWJdL7QX77z4yqaBSVVZ4aykYGiy0gH2aOP3Vvu6kOj%2FY9imVDLOK8ljiYEmNB6169t3NT6AmkKHLmzu95NZzeI58EuHBHBEAEMNOXtHwS128qFT0ElRsj39%2Flbu013o0xhAgHztYBlfBCcb2Y%2BrwLuSIIjdKPtoFq%2B0UX5F%2BT4tqXjeASF7qIDNs7WcUVCZ7owirnrNIjh1aNIfUDdQtDyYkJQlHtPLB4rQzDvWOzhqhiygdo8s3o0jvTQSFjob3PtidqI6ackbtGUXjIhXWvEnc8kcGN8vLlNVJccx%2FgOr0jIRUnLvuIxFVTJ7vCopRxpGGpBOV%2Bpx3B7vWF8h%2F7tv1k%2B8QDKOhxS3gKHiXzlVCeiOueMuT1wBoAyvjilmaIN1PBsaqE1Ukyt8TfyloJgKrhI%2BXDARz%2ByoGnuT59w%2B5cUqv4WQejYkz%2FGUcU1yD%2BVnCe13sXk5dVnxGAP3GcasUkwZsikRFFM%2FZN1VT7boO2nuftzTD3ImVWqEZWDQk6huPs0PJYb6LqVxYdQ%2B3uYUyyjfGWOu4Epb%2B6Rz59U57yGThYWQYq8mY0dYsOeVxa0UWQhfJRvBbmfkzVJRpC175ICQtac4q%2FjCbLe4UaheFseaDorrweOMyqzaXpkp3Jk5CV0BpwIonj84rnSm7QgXbmZIYyeSTGRU2rHLxpzHKRX%2F387PDEhFcYqGTM%2Blvv6U3Y7WDDTBCViADcZFPX6Fdj7cX4lOIOa4n64lz6DtBl%2BlORVDIFPy%2Br4HHJfvASeEX19GMNHBDk6MwNK8s8vX52VSyIfJYZaYdveCaT0GgP2MY4cqqTEzNmesazW0iE9SwWmdx%2Fs24wC5Dj%2Bq1HDAM%2BRQ8HhxV9iMIy4MU55JtB%2FaonrCcTWlLCPNGIMXP9TV%2BYSmDCGsvLJBjqxAcUMnNCUuGRg7%2Bbmf9HGOeVkesZWhTtnsGfFwGd0F%2FPCb%2Bajq6RvD2FM1fM95bITTq6hCyIeU9Q1KmvP1bsZHeUQ5UozZABX%2FBEQxpUD0SLMwtY3RHpnF2xUNxDcfAHNnKC5CaENpOT83ddozoTkNR5gJab5RnzbpL4I5GRopi504YJ%2BwoXE8wBySmT%2BW8GO8A93Vny0JEe8IV6igkgdyjQVBDFUTKoK41%2F6iF0P51S00Q%3D%3D&X-Amz-Signature=d32156a80627137117cf90d4b9b906d5428f33a6af15fdf4388bd438451a6fb1&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 3.
![Photographs showing the Old Arcade after reconstruction in 1893: top left – postcard of the early 20th century depicting Merchants Descent from the bridge over river Lopan [11]; top right – postcard of the early 20th century depicting Merchants Descent from University street [12]; bottom left – postcard of the early 20th century depicting intersection of Merchants Descent and Klochkovskaya street, showing the lower entrance to the Old Arcade with the large window and balcony above it [12]; bottom right – postcard of 1895 depicting interior of the Old Arcade after reconstruction, showing its new skylight [12]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470702c83f1392090d6982f/j_acee-2021-004_fig_003.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBBM74A4T%2F20251212%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251212T231139Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEEcaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJHMEUCIQCSDFPXoBx8KZl1JnEbdah40IdHkMYigz%2Fuc%2FSTS1xdfwIgKyEwuYwFB4fC1i%2FlmTTEeV11fS3x%2B3syRomnHgSkJ%2F8qvQUIEBACGgw5NjMxMzQyODk5NDAiDNmcanWJdL7QX77z4yqaBSVVZ4aykYGiy0gH2aOP3Vvu6kOj%2FY9imVDLOK8ljiYEmNB6169t3NT6AmkKHLmzu95NZzeI58EuHBHBEAEMNOXtHwS128qFT0ElRsj39%2Flbu013o0xhAgHztYBlfBCcb2Y%2BrwLuSIIjdKPtoFq%2B0UX5F%2BT4tqXjeASF7qIDNs7WcUVCZ7owirnrNIjh1aNIfUDdQtDyYkJQlHtPLB4rQzDvWOzhqhiygdo8s3o0jvTQSFjob3PtidqI6ackbtGUXjIhXWvEnc8kcGN8vLlNVJccx%2FgOr0jIRUnLvuIxFVTJ7vCopRxpGGpBOV%2Bpx3B7vWF8h%2F7tv1k%2B8QDKOhxS3gKHiXzlVCeiOueMuT1wBoAyvjilmaIN1PBsaqE1Ukyt8TfyloJgKrhI%2BXDARz%2ByoGnuT59w%2B5cUqv4WQejYkz%2FGUcU1yD%2BVnCe13sXk5dVnxGAP3GcasUkwZsikRFFM%2FZN1VT7boO2nuftzTD3ImVWqEZWDQk6huPs0PJYb6LqVxYdQ%2B3uYUyyjfGWOu4Epb%2B6Rz59U57yGThYWQYq8mY0dYsOeVxa0UWQhfJRvBbmfkzVJRpC175ICQtac4q%2FjCbLe4UaheFseaDorrweOMyqzaXpkp3Jk5CV0BpwIonj84rnSm7QgXbmZIYyeSTGRU2rHLxpzHKRX%2F387PDEhFcYqGTM%2Blvv6U3Y7WDDTBCViADcZFPX6Fdj7cX4lOIOa4n64lz6DtBl%2BlORVDIFPy%2Br4HHJfvASeEX19GMNHBDk6MwNK8s8vX52VSyIfJYZaYdveCaT0GgP2MY4cqqTEzNmesazW0iE9SwWmdx%2Fs24wC5Dj%2Bq1HDAM%2BRQ8HhxV9iMIy4MU55JtB%2FaonrCcTWlLCPNGIMXP9TV%2BYSmDCGsvLJBjqxAcUMnNCUuGRg7%2Bbmf9HGOeVkesZWhTtnsGfFwGd0F%2FPCb%2Bajq6RvD2FM1fM95bITTq6hCyIeU9Q1KmvP1bsZHeUQ5UozZABX%2FBEQxpUD0SLMwtY3RHpnF2xUNxDcfAHNnKC5CaENpOT83ddozoTkNR5gJab5RnzbpL4I5GRopi504YJ%2BwoXE8wBySmT%2BW8GO8A93Vny0JEe8IV6igkgdyjQVBDFUTKoK41%2F6iF0P51S00Q%3D%3D&X-Amz-Signature=d62a680b611d3a53569fc2946c48a1dd49cd88379e20983985ffdf8cb084fe09&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 4.
![The hypothetical spatial structure of the Old Arcade (own work) with visual references [11, 12, 13]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470702c83f1392090d6982f/j_acee-2021-004_fig_004.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBBM74A4T%2F20251212%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251212T231139Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEEcaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJHMEUCIQCSDFPXoBx8KZl1JnEbdah40IdHkMYigz%2Fuc%2FSTS1xdfwIgKyEwuYwFB4fC1i%2FlmTTEeV11fS3x%2B3syRomnHgSkJ%2F8qvQUIEBACGgw5NjMxMzQyODk5NDAiDNmcanWJdL7QX77z4yqaBSVVZ4aykYGiy0gH2aOP3Vvu6kOj%2FY9imVDLOK8ljiYEmNB6169t3NT6AmkKHLmzu95NZzeI58EuHBHBEAEMNOXtHwS128qFT0ElRsj39%2Flbu013o0xhAgHztYBlfBCcb2Y%2BrwLuSIIjdKPtoFq%2B0UX5F%2BT4tqXjeASF7qIDNs7WcUVCZ7owirnrNIjh1aNIfUDdQtDyYkJQlHtPLB4rQzDvWOzhqhiygdo8s3o0jvTQSFjob3PtidqI6ackbtGUXjIhXWvEnc8kcGN8vLlNVJccx%2FgOr0jIRUnLvuIxFVTJ7vCopRxpGGpBOV%2Bpx3B7vWF8h%2F7tv1k%2B8QDKOhxS3gKHiXzlVCeiOueMuT1wBoAyvjilmaIN1PBsaqE1Ukyt8TfyloJgKrhI%2BXDARz%2ByoGnuT59w%2B5cUqv4WQejYkz%2FGUcU1yD%2BVnCe13sXk5dVnxGAP3GcasUkwZsikRFFM%2FZN1VT7boO2nuftzTD3ImVWqEZWDQk6huPs0PJYb6LqVxYdQ%2B3uYUyyjfGWOu4Epb%2B6Rz59U57yGThYWQYq8mY0dYsOeVxa0UWQhfJRvBbmfkzVJRpC175ICQtac4q%2FjCbLe4UaheFseaDorrweOMyqzaXpkp3Jk5CV0BpwIonj84rnSm7QgXbmZIYyeSTGRU2rHLxpzHKRX%2F387PDEhFcYqGTM%2Blvv6U3Y7WDDTBCViADcZFPX6Fdj7cX4lOIOa4n64lz6DtBl%2BlORVDIFPy%2Br4HHJfvASeEX19GMNHBDk6MwNK8s8vX52VSyIfJYZaYdveCaT0GgP2MY4cqqTEzNmesazW0iE9SwWmdx%2Fs24wC5Dj%2Bq1HDAM%2BRQ8HhxV9iMIy4MU55JtB%2FaonrCcTWlLCPNGIMXP9TV%2BYSmDCGsvLJBjqxAcUMnNCUuGRg7%2Bbmf9HGOeVkesZWhTtnsGfFwGd0F%2FPCb%2Bajq6RvD2FM1fM95bITTq6hCyIeU9Q1KmvP1bsZHeUQ5UozZABX%2FBEQxpUD0SLMwtY3RHpnF2xUNxDcfAHNnKC5CaENpOT83ddozoTkNR5gJab5RnzbpL4I5GRopi504YJ%2BwoXE8wBySmT%2BW8GO8A93Vny0JEe8IV6igkgdyjQVBDFUTKoK41%2F6iF0P51S00Q%3D%3D&X-Amz-Signature=e88f29540d766de4cca1e98d0f4992f388b38da499f07dcd5ff430176689d135&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 5.
![Fragment of the map of Kharkiv, 1916 (depiction of Arcade as a street is highlighted) [13]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470702c83f1392090d6982f/j_acee-2021-004_fig_005.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBBM74A4T%2F20251212%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251212T231139Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEEcaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJHMEUCIQCSDFPXoBx8KZl1JnEbdah40IdHkMYigz%2Fuc%2FSTS1xdfwIgKyEwuYwFB4fC1i%2FlmTTEeV11fS3x%2B3syRomnHgSkJ%2F8qvQUIEBACGgw5NjMxMzQyODk5NDAiDNmcanWJdL7QX77z4yqaBSVVZ4aykYGiy0gH2aOP3Vvu6kOj%2FY9imVDLOK8ljiYEmNB6169t3NT6AmkKHLmzu95NZzeI58EuHBHBEAEMNOXtHwS128qFT0ElRsj39%2Flbu013o0xhAgHztYBlfBCcb2Y%2BrwLuSIIjdKPtoFq%2B0UX5F%2BT4tqXjeASF7qIDNs7WcUVCZ7owirnrNIjh1aNIfUDdQtDyYkJQlHtPLB4rQzDvWOzhqhiygdo8s3o0jvTQSFjob3PtidqI6ackbtGUXjIhXWvEnc8kcGN8vLlNVJccx%2FgOr0jIRUnLvuIxFVTJ7vCopRxpGGpBOV%2Bpx3B7vWF8h%2F7tv1k%2B8QDKOhxS3gKHiXzlVCeiOueMuT1wBoAyvjilmaIN1PBsaqE1Ukyt8TfyloJgKrhI%2BXDARz%2ByoGnuT59w%2B5cUqv4WQejYkz%2FGUcU1yD%2BVnCe13sXk5dVnxGAP3GcasUkwZsikRFFM%2FZN1VT7boO2nuftzTD3ImVWqEZWDQk6huPs0PJYb6LqVxYdQ%2B3uYUyyjfGWOu4Epb%2B6Rz59U57yGThYWQYq8mY0dYsOeVxa0UWQhfJRvBbmfkzVJRpC175ICQtac4q%2FjCbLe4UaheFseaDorrweOMyqzaXpkp3Jk5CV0BpwIonj84rnSm7QgXbmZIYyeSTGRU2rHLxpzHKRX%2F387PDEhFcYqGTM%2Blvv6U3Y7WDDTBCViADcZFPX6Fdj7cX4lOIOa4n64lz6DtBl%2BlORVDIFPy%2Br4HHJfvASeEX19GMNHBDk6MwNK8s8vX52VSyIfJYZaYdveCaT0GgP2MY4cqqTEzNmesazW0iE9SwWmdx%2Fs24wC5Dj%2Bq1HDAM%2BRQ8HhxV9iMIy4MU55JtB%2FaonrCcTWlLCPNGIMXP9TV%2BYSmDCGsvLJBjqxAcUMnNCUuGRg7%2Bbmf9HGOeVkesZWhTtnsGfFwGd0F%2FPCb%2Bajq6RvD2FM1fM95bITTq6hCyIeU9Q1KmvP1bsZHeUQ5UozZABX%2FBEQxpUD0SLMwtY3RHpnF2xUNxDcfAHNnKC5CaENpOT83ddozoTkNR5gJab5RnzbpL4I5GRopi504YJ%2BwoXE8wBySmT%2BW8GO8A93Vny0JEe8IV6igkgdyjQVBDFUTKoK41%2F6iF0P51S00Q%3D%3D&X-Amz-Signature=d055211941e0560f0a7286414fb6fa78d992e589aba29b30639b7e1361742548&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 6.
![Photograph depicting the façade of the Old Arcade facing Merchants Descent during the reconstruction of 1893 [13]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470702c83f1392090d6982f/j_acee-2021-004_fig_006.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBBM74A4T%2F20251212%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251212T231139Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEEcaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJHMEUCIQCSDFPXoBx8KZl1JnEbdah40IdHkMYigz%2Fuc%2FSTS1xdfwIgKyEwuYwFB4fC1i%2FlmTTEeV11fS3x%2B3syRomnHgSkJ%2F8qvQUIEBACGgw5NjMxMzQyODk5NDAiDNmcanWJdL7QX77z4yqaBSVVZ4aykYGiy0gH2aOP3Vvu6kOj%2FY9imVDLOK8ljiYEmNB6169t3NT6AmkKHLmzu95NZzeI58EuHBHBEAEMNOXtHwS128qFT0ElRsj39%2Flbu013o0xhAgHztYBlfBCcb2Y%2BrwLuSIIjdKPtoFq%2B0UX5F%2BT4tqXjeASF7qIDNs7WcUVCZ7owirnrNIjh1aNIfUDdQtDyYkJQlHtPLB4rQzDvWOzhqhiygdo8s3o0jvTQSFjob3PtidqI6ackbtGUXjIhXWvEnc8kcGN8vLlNVJccx%2FgOr0jIRUnLvuIxFVTJ7vCopRxpGGpBOV%2Bpx3B7vWF8h%2F7tv1k%2B8QDKOhxS3gKHiXzlVCeiOueMuT1wBoAyvjilmaIN1PBsaqE1Ukyt8TfyloJgKrhI%2BXDARz%2ByoGnuT59w%2B5cUqv4WQejYkz%2FGUcU1yD%2BVnCe13sXk5dVnxGAP3GcasUkwZsikRFFM%2FZN1VT7boO2nuftzTD3ImVWqEZWDQk6huPs0PJYb6LqVxYdQ%2B3uYUyyjfGWOu4Epb%2B6Rz59U57yGThYWQYq8mY0dYsOeVxa0UWQhfJRvBbmfkzVJRpC175ICQtac4q%2FjCbLe4UaheFseaDorrweOMyqzaXpkp3Jk5CV0BpwIonj84rnSm7QgXbmZIYyeSTGRU2rHLxpzHKRX%2F387PDEhFcYqGTM%2Blvv6U3Y7WDDTBCViADcZFPX6Fdj7cX4lOIOa4n64lz6DtBl%2BlORVDIFPy%2Br4HHJfvASeEX19GMNHBDk6MwNK8s8vX52VSyIfJYZaYdveCaT0GgP2MY4cqqTEzNmesazW0iE9SwWmdx%2Fs24wC5Dj%2Bq1HDAM%2BRQ8HhxV9iMIy4MU55JtB%2FaonrCcTWlLCPNGIMXP9TV%2BYSmDCGsvLJBjqxAcUMnNCUuGRg7%2Bbmf9HGOeVkesZWhTtnsGfFwGd0F%2FPCb%2Bajq6RvD2FM1fM95bITTq6hCyIeU9Q1KmvP1bsZHeUQ5UozZABX%2FBEQxpUD0SLMwtY3RHpnF2xUNxDcfAHNnKC5CaENpOT83ddozoTkNR5gJab5RnzbpL4I5GRopi504YJ%2BwoXE8wBySmT%2BW8GO8A93Vny0JEe8IV6igkgdyjQVBDFUTKoK41%2F6iF0P51S00Q%3D%3D&X-Amz-Signature=18190746fd7ca6ccfd0a77f5cedda3b9815e34ae4717f0583b511c407cbb3138&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 7.

Figure 8.

Figure 9.

Figure 10.

![Fragment of the map of Kharkiv, 1902, showing the location of “Big Block” downtown quarter [11]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470702c83f1392090d6982f/j_acee-2021-004_fig_001.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBBM74A4T%2F20251212%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251212T231139Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEEcaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJHMEUCIQCSDFPXoBx8KZl1JnEbdah40IdHkMYigz%2Fuc%2FSTS1xdfwIgKyEwuYwFB4fC1i%2FlmTTEeV11fS3x%2B3syRomnHgSkJ%2F8qvQUIEBACGgw5NjMxMzQyODk5NDAiDNmcanWJdL7QX77z4yqaBSVVZ4aykYGiy0gH2aOP3Vvu6kOj%2FY9imVDLOK8ljiYEmNB6169t3NT6AmkKHLmzu95NZzeI58EuHBHBEAEMNOXtHwS128qFT0ElRsj39%2Flbu013o0xhAgHztYBlfBCcb2Y%2BrwLuSIIjdKPtoFq%2B0UX5F%2BT4tqXjeASF7qIDNs7WcUVCZ7owirnrNIjh1aNIfUDdQtDyYkJQlHtPLB4rQzDvWOzhqhiygdo8s3o0jvTQSFjob3PtidqI6ackbtGUXjIhXWvEnc8kcGN8vLlNVJccx%2FgOr0jIRUnLvuIxFVTJ7vCopRxpGGpBOV%2Bpx3B7vWF8h%2F7tv1k%2B8QDKOhxS3gKHiXzlVCeiOueMuT1wBoAyvjilmaIN1PBsaqE1Ukyt8TfyloJgKrhI%2BXDARz%2ByoGnuT59w%2B5cUqv4WQejYkz%2FGUcU1yD%2BVnCe13sXk5dVnxGAP3GcasUkwZsikRFFM%2FZN1VT7boO2nuftzTD3ImVWqEZWDQk6huPs0PJYb6LqVxYdQ%2B3uYUyyjfGWOu4Epb%2B6Rz59U57yGThYWQYq8mY0dYsOeVxa0UWQhfJRvBbmfkzVJRpC175ICQtac4q%2FjCbLe4UaheFseaDorrweOMyqzaXpkp3Jk5CV0BpwIonj84rnSm7QgXbmZIYyeSTGRU2rHLxpzHKRX%2F387PDEhFcYqGTM%2Blvv6U3Y7WDDTBCViADcZFPX6Fdj7cX4lOIOa4n64lz6DtBl%2BlORVDIFPy%2Br4HHJfvASeEX19GMNHBDk6MwNK8s8vX52VSyIfJYZaYdveCaT0GgP2MY4cqqTEzNmesazW0iE9SwWmdx%2Fs24wC5Dj%2Bq1HDAM%2BRQ8HhxV9iMIy4MU55JtB%2FaonrCcTWlLCPNGIMXP9TV%2BYSmDCGsvLJBjqxAcUMnNCUuGRg7%2Bbmf9HGOeVkesZWhTtnsGfFwGd0F%2FPCb%2Bajq6RvD2FM1fM95bITTq6hCyIeU9Q1KmvP1bsZHeUQ5UozZABX%2FBEQxpUD0SLMwtY3RHpnF2xUNxDcfAHNnKC5CaENpOT83ddozoTkNR5gJab5RnzbpL4I5GRopi504YJ%2BwoXE8wBySmT%2BW8GO8A93Vny0JEe8IV6igkgdyjQVBDFUTKoK41%2F6iF0P51S00Q%3D%3D&X-Amz-Signature=cc1000a5477b4246ba8119cacac7cf2d3642618279090f51b3c3245889d5b8c2&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
![Photographs showing the original look of the Old Arcade before reconstruction in 1893 [12]: on the left – a photograph of 1885 depicting Merchants Descent from bridge over river Lopan; on the right – postcard of the late 19th century depicting Merchants Descent from University street (between 1875 and 1893)](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470702c83f1392090d6982f/j_acee-2021-004_fig_002.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBBM74A4T%2F20251212%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251212T231139Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEEcaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJHMEUCIQCSDFPXoBx8KZl1JnEbdah40IdHkMYigz%2Fuc%2FSTS1xdfwIgKyEwuYwFB4fC1i%2FlmTTEeV11fS3x%2B3syRomnHgSkJ%2F8qvQUIEBACGgw5NjMxMzQyODk5NDAiDNmcanWJdL7QX77z4yqaBSVVZ4aykYGiy0gH2aOP3Vvu6kOj%2FY9imVDLOK8ljiYEmNB6169t3NT6AmkKHLmzu95NZzeI58EuHBHBEAEMNOXtHwS128qFT0ElRsj39%2Flbu013o0xhAgHztYBlfBCcb2Y%2BrwLuSIIjdKPtoFq%2B0UX5F%2BT4tqXjeASF7qIDNs7WcUVCZ7owirnrNIjh1aNIfUDdQtDyYkJQlHtPLB4rQzDvWOzhqhiygdo8s3o0jvTQSFjob3PtidqI6ackbtGUXjIhXWvEnc8kcGN8vLlNVJccx%2FgOr0jIRUnLvuIxFVTJ7vCopRxpGGpBOV%2Bpx3B7vWF8h%2F7tv1k%2B8QDKOhxS3gKHiXzlVCeiOueMuT1wBoAyvjilmaIN1PBsaqE1Ukyt8TfyloJgKrhI%2BXDARz%2ByoGnuT59w%2B5cUqv4WQejYkz%2FGUcU1yD%2BVnCe13sXk5dVnxGAP3GcasUkwZsikRFFM%2FZN1VT7boO2nuftzTD3ImVWqEZWDQk6huPs0PJYb6LqVxYdQ%2B3uYUyyjfGWOu4Epb%2B6Rz59U57yGThYWQYq8mY0dYsOeVxa0UWQhfJRvBbmfkzVJRpC175ICQtac4q%2FjCbLe4UaheFseaDorrweOMyqzaXpkp3Jk5CV0BpwIonj84rnSm7QgXbmZIYyeSTGRU2rHLxpzHKRX%2F387PDEhFcYqGTM%2Blvv6U3Y7WDDTBCViADcZFPX6Fdj7cX4lOIOa4n64lz6DtBl%2BlORVDIFPy%2Br4HHJfvASeEX19GMNHBDk6MwNK8s8vX52VSyIfJYZaYdveCaT0GgP2MY4cqqTEzNmesazW0iE9SwWmdx%2Fs24wC5Dj%2Bq1HDAM%2BRQ8HhxV9iMIy4MU55JtB%2FaonrCcTWlLCPNGIMXP9TV%2BYSmDCGsvLJBjqxAcUMnNCUuGRg7%2Bbmf9HGOeVkesZWhTtnsGfFwGd0F%2FPCb%2Bajq6RvD2FM1fM95bITTq6hCyIeU9Q1KmvP1bsZHeUQ5UozZABX%2FBEQxpUD0SLMwtY3RHpnF2xUNxDcfAHNnKC5CaENpOT83ddozoTkNR5gJab5RnzbpL4I5GRopi504YJ%2BwoXE8wBySmT%2BW8GO8A93Vny0JEe8IV6igkgdyjQVBDFUTKoK41%2F6iF0P51S00Q%3D%3D&X-Amz-Signature=d32156a80627137117cf90d4b9b906d5428f33a6af15fdf4388bd438451a6fb1&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
![Photographs showing the Old Arcade after reconstruction in 1893: top left – postcard of the early 20th century depicting Merchants Descent from the bridge over river Lopan [11]; top right – postcard of the early 20th century depicting Merchants Descent from University street [12]; bottom left – postcard of the early 20th century depicting intersection of Merchants Descent and Klochkovskaya street, showing the lower entrance to the Old Arcade with the large window and balcony above it [12]; bottom right – postcard of 1895 depicting interior of the Old Arcade after reconstruction, showing its new skylight [12]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470702c83f1392090d6982f/j_acee-2021-004_fig_003.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBBM74A4T%2F20251212%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251212T231139Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEEcaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJHMEUCIQCSDFPXoBx8KZl1JnEbdah40IdHkMYigz%2Fuc%2FSTS1xdfwIgKyEwuYwFB4fC1i%2FlmTTEeV11fS3x%2B3syRomnHgSkJ%2F8qvQUIEBACGgw5NjMxMzQyODk5NDAiDNmcanWJdL7QX77z4yqaBSVVZ4aykYGiy0gH2aOP3Vvu6kOj%2FY9imVDLOK8ljiYEmNB6169t3NT6AmkKHLmzu95NZzeI58EuHBHBEAEMNOXtHwS128qFT0ElRsj39%2Flbu013o0xhAgHztYBlfBCcb2Y%2BrwLuSIIjdKPtoFq%2B0UX5F%2BT4tqXjeASF7qIDNs7WcUVCZ7owirnrNIjh1aNIfUDdQtDyYkJQlHtPLB4rQzDvWOzhqhiygdo8s3o0jvTQSFjob3PtidqI6ackbtGUXjIhXWvEnc8kcGN8vLlNVJccx%2FgOr0jIRUnLvuIxFVTJ7vCopRxpGGpBOV%2Bpx3B7vWF8h%2F7tv1k%2B8QDKOhxS3gKHiXzlVCeiOueMuT1wBoAyvjilmaIN1PBsaqE1Ukyt8TfyloJgKrhI%2BXDARz%2ByoGnuT59w%2B5cUqv4WQejYkz%2FGUcU1yD%2BVnCe13sXk5dVnxGAP3GcasUkwZsikRFFM%2FZN1VT7boO2nuftzTD3ImVWqEZWDQk6huPs0PJYb6LqVxYdQ%2B3uYUyyjfGWOu4Epb%2B6Rz59U57yGThYWQYq8mY0dYsOeVxa0UWQhfJRvBbmfkzVJRpC175ICQtac4q%2FjCbLe4UaheFseaDorrweOMyqzaXpkp3Jk5CV0BpwIonj84rnSm7QgXbmZIYyeSTGRU2rHLxpzHKRX%2F387PDEhFcYqGTM%2Blvv6U3Y7WDDTBCViADcZFPX6Fdj7cX4lOIOa4n64lz6DtBl%2BlORVDIFPy%2Br4HHJfvASeEX19GMNHBDk6MwNK8s8vX52VSyIfJYZaYdveCaT0GgP2MY4cqqTEzNmesazW0iE9SwWmdx%2Fs24wC5Dj%2Bq1HDAM%2BRQ8HhxV9iMIy4MU55JtB%2FaonrCcTWlLCPNGIMXP9TV%2BYSmDCGsvLJBjqxAcUMnNCUuGRg7%2Bbmf9HGOeVkesZWhTtnsGfFwGd0F%2FPCb%2Bajq6RvD2FM1fM95bITTq6hCyIeU9Q1KmvP1bsZHeUQ5UozZABX%2FBEQxpUD0SLMwtY3RHpnF2xUNxDcfAHNnKC5CaENpOT83ddozoTkNR5gJab5RnzbpL4I5GRopi504YJ%2BwoXE8wBySmT%2BW8GO8A93Vny0JEe8IV6igkgdyjQVBDFUTKoK41%2F6iF0P51S00Q%3D%3D&X-Amz-Signature=d62a680b611d3a53569fc2946c48a1dd49cd88379e20983985ffdf8cb084fe09&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
![The hypothetical spatial structure of the Old Arcade (own work) with visual references [11, 12, 13]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470702c83f1392090d6982f/j_acee-2021-004_fig_004.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBBM74A4T%2F20251212%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251212T231139Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEEcaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJHMEUCIQCSDFPXoBx8KZl1JnEbdah40IdHkMYigz%2Fuc%2FSTS1xdfwIgKyEwuYwFB4fC1i%2FlmTTEeV11fS3x%2B3syRomnHgSkJ%2F8qvQUIEBACGgw5NjMxMzQyODk5NDAiDNmcanWJdL7QX77z4yqaBSVVZ4aykYGiy0gH2aOP3Vvu6kOj%2FY9imVDLOK8ljiYEmNB6169t3NT6AmkKHLmzu95NZzeI58EuHBHBEAEMNOXtHwS128qFT0ElRsj39%2Flbu013o0xhAgHztYBlfBCcb2Y%2BrwLuSIIjdKPtoFq%2B0UX5F%2BT4tqXjeASF7qIDNs7WcUVCZ7owirnrNIjh1aNIfUDdQtDyYkJQlHtPLB4rQzDvWOzhqhiygdo8s3o0jvTQSFjob3PtidqI6ackbtGUXjIhXWvEnc8kcGN8vLlNVJccx%2FgOr0jIRUnLvuIxFVTJ7vCopRxpGGpBOV%2Bpx3B7vWF8h%2F7tv1k%2B8QDKOhxS3gKHiXzlVCeiOueMuT1wBoAyvjilmaIN1PBsaqE1Ukyt8TfyloJgKrhI%2BXDARz%2ByoGnuT59w%2B5cUqv4WQejYkz%2FGUcU1yD%2BVnCe13sXk5dVnxGAP3GcasUkwZsikRFFM%2FZN1VT7boO2nuftzTD3ImVWqEZWDQk6huPs0PJYb6LqVxYdQ%2B3uYUyyjfGWOu4Epb%2B6Rz59U57yGThYWQYq8mY0dYsOeVxa0UWQhfJRvBbmfkzVJRpC175ICQtac4q%2FjCbLe4UaheFseaDorrweOMyqzaXpkp3Jk5CV0BpwIonj84rnSm7QgXbmZIYyeSTGRU2rHLxpzHKRX%2F387PDEhFcYqGTM%2Blvv6U3Y7WDDTBCViADcZFPX6Fdj7cX4lOIOa4n64lz6DtBl%2BlORVDIFPy%2Br4HHJfvASeEX19GMNHBDk6MwNK8s8vX52VSyIfJYZaYdveCaT0GgP2MY4cqqTEzNmesazW0iE9SwWmdx%2Fs24wC5Dj%2Bq1HDAM%2BRQ8HhxV9iMIy4MU55JtB%2FaonrCcTWlLCPNGIMXP9TV%2BYSmDCGsvLJBjqxAcUMnNCUuGRg7%2Bbmf9HGOeVkesZWhTtnsGfFwGd0F%2FPCb%2Bajq6RvD2FM1fM95bITTq6hCyIeU9Q1KmvP1bsZHeUQ5UozZABX%2FBEQxpUD0SLMwtY3RHpnF2xUNxDcfAHNnKC5CaENpOT83ddozoTkNR5gJab5RnzbpL4I5GRopi504YJ%2BwoXE8wBySmT%2BW8GO8A93Vny0JEe8IV6igkgdyjQVBDFUTKoK41%2F6iF0P51S00Q%3D%3D&X-Amz-Signature=e88f29540d766de4cca1e98d0f4992f388b38da499f07dcd5ff430176689d135&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
![Fragment of the map of Kharkiv, 1916 (depiction of Arcade as a street is highlighted) [13]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470702c83f1392090d6982f/j_acee-2021-004_fig_005.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBBM74A4T%2F20251212%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251212T231139Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEEcaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJHMEUCIQCSDFPXoBx8KZl1JnEbdah40IdHkMYigz%2Fuc%2FSTS1xdfwIgKyEwuYwFB4fC1i%2FlmTTEeV11fS3x%2B3syRomnHgSkJ%2F8qvQUIEBACGgw5NjMxMzQyODk5NDAiDNmcanWJdL7QX77z4yqaBSVVZ4aykYGiy0gH2aOP3Vvu6kOj%2FY9imVDLOK8ljiYEmNB6169t3NT6AmkKHLmzu95NZzeI58EuHBHBEAEMNOXtHwS128qFT0ElRsj39%2Flbu013o0xhAgHztYBlfBCcb2Y%2BrwLuSIIjdKPtoFq%2B0UX5F%2BT4tqXjeASF7qIDNs7WcUVCZ7owirnrNIjh1aNIfUDdQtDyYkJQlHtPLB4rQzDvWOzhqhiygdo8s3o0jvTQSFjob3PtidqI6ackbtGUXjIhXWvEnc8kcGN8vLlNVJccx%2FgOr0jIRUnLvuIxFVTJ7vCopRxpGGpBOV%2Bpx3B7vWF8h%2F7tv1k%2B8QDKOhxS3gKHiXzlVCeiOueMuT1wBoAyvjilmaIN1PBsaqE1Ukyt8TfyloJgKrhI%2BXDARz%2ByoGnuT59w%2B5cUqv4WQejYkz%2FGUcU1yD%2BVnCe13sXk5dVnxGAP3GcasUkwZsikRFFM%2FZN1VT7boO2nuftzTD3ImVWqEZWDQk6huPs0PJYb6LqVxYdQ%2B3uYUyyjfGWOu4Epb%2B6Rz59U57yGThYWQYq8mY0dYsOeVxa0UWQhfJRvBbmfkzVJRpC175ICQtac4q%2FjCbLe4UaheFseaDorrweOMyqzaXpkp3Jk5CV0BpwIonj84rnSm7QgXbmZIYyeSTGRU2rHLxpzHKRX%2F387PDEhFcYqGTM%2Blvv6U3Y7WDDTBCViADcZFPX6Fdj7cX4lOIOa4n64lz6DtBl%2BlORVDIFPy%2Br4HHJfvASeEX19GMNHBDk6MwNK8s8vX52VSyIfJYZaYdveCaT0GgP2MY4cqqTEzNmesazW0iE9SwWmdx%2Fs24wC5Dj%2Bq1HDAM%2BRQ8HhxV9iMIy4MU55JtB%2FaonrCcTWlLCPNGIMXP9TV%2BYSmDCGsvLJBjqxAcUMnNCUuGRg7%2Bbmf9HGOeVkesZWhTtnsGfFwGd0F%2FPCb%2Bajq6RvD2FM1fM95bITTq6hCyIeU9Q1KmvP1bsZHeUQ5UozZABX%2FBEQxpUD0SLMwtY3RHpnF2xUNxDcfAHNnKC5CaENpOT83ddozoTkNR5gJab5RnzbpL4I5GRopi504YJ%2BwoXE8wBySmT%2BW8GO8A93Vny0JEe8IV6igkgdyjQVBDFUTKoK41%2F6iF0P51S00Q%3D%3D&X-Amz-Signature=d055211941e0560f0a7286414fb6fa78d992e589aba29b30639b7e1361742548&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
![Photograph depicting the façade of the Old Arcade facing Merchants Descent during the reconstruction of 1893 [13]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470702c83f1392090d6982f/j_acee-2021-004_fig_006.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKBBM74A4T%2F20251212%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251212T231139Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEEcaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJHMEUCIQCSDFPXoBx8KZl1JnEbdah40IdHkMYigz%2Fuc%2FSTS1xdfwIgKyEwuYwFB4fC1i%2FlmTTEeV11fS3x%2B3syRomnHgSkJ%2F8qvQUIEBACGgw5NjMxMzQyODk5NDAiDNmcanWJdL7QX77z4yqaBSVVZ4aykYGiy0gH2aOP3Vvu6kOj%2FY9imVDLOK8ljiYEmNB6169t3NT6AmkKHLmzu95NZzeI58EuHBHBEAEMNOXtHwS128qFT0ElRsj39%2Flbu013o0xhAgHztYBlfBCcb2Y%2BrwLuSIIjdKPtoFq%2B0UX5F%2BT4tqXjeASF7qIDNs7WcUVCZ7owirnrNIjh1aNIfUDdQtDyYkJQlHtPLB4rQzDvWOzhqhiygdo8s3o0jvTQSFjob3PtidqI6ackbtGUXjIhXWvEnc8kcGN8vLlNVJccx%2FgOr0jIRUnLvuIxFVTJ7vCopRxpGGpBOV%2Bpx3B7vWF8h%2F7tv1k%2B8QDKOhxS3gKHiXzlVCeiOueMuT1wBoAyvjilmaIN1PBsaqE1Ukyt8TfyloJgKrhI%2BXDARz%2ByoGnuT59w%2B5cUqv4WQejYkz%2FGUcU1yD%2BVnCe13sXk5dVnxGAP3GcasUkwZsikRFFM%2FZN1VT7boO2nuftzTD3ImVWqEZWDQk6huPs0PJYb6LqVxYdQ%2B3uYUyyjfGWOu4Epb%2B6Rz59U57yGThYWQYq8mY0dYsOeVxa0UWQhfJRvBbmfkzVJRpC175ICQtac4q%2FjCbLe4UaheFseaDorrweOMyqzaXpkp3Jk5CV0BpwIonj84rnSm7QgXbmZIYyeSTGRU2rHLxpzHKRX%2F387PDEhFcYqGTM%2Blvv6U3Y7WDDTBCViADcZFPX6Fdj7cX4lOIOa4n64lz6DtBl%2BlORVDIFPy%2Br4HHJfvASeEX19GMNHBDk6MwNK8s8vX52VSyIfJYZaYdveCaT0GgP2MY4cqqTEzNmesazW0iE9SwWmdx%2Fs24wC5Dj%2Bq1HDAM%2BRQ8HhxV9iMIy4MU55JtB%2FaonrCcTWlLCPNGIMXP9TV%2BYSmDCGsvLJBjqxAcUMnNCUuGRg7%2Bbmf9HGOeVkesZWhTtnsGfFwGd0F%2FPCb%2Bajq6RvD2FM1fM95bITTq6hCyIeU9Q1KmvP1bsZHeUQ5UozZABX%2FBEQxpUD0SLMwtY3RHpnF2xUNxDcfAHNnKC5CaENpOT83ddozoTkNR5gJab5RnzbpL4I5GRopi504YJ%2BwoXE8wBySmT%2BW8GO8A93Vny0JEe8IV6igkgdyjQVBDFUTKoK41%2F6iF0P51S00Q%3D%3D&X-Amz-Signature=18190746fd7ca6ccfd0a77f5cedda3b9815e34ae4717f0583b511c407cbb3138&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)




© 2021 Svitlana SMOLENSKA, Artem BORYSENKO, published by Silesian University of Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.