Figure 1–2.
Buildings in the housing estates Zandka in Zabrze, Wolności Street and Dębieńsko at Czerwionka-Leszczyny, Słowackiego Steet
Figure 3–5.
Wooden details in the apartment buildings of the housing estate Zandka in Zabrze, Wolności Street
Table 1.
Structural details (models) – location on the facade, diagrams of cross-sections accepted for theoretical analyses carried out in the Therm program
The building is located among the buildings of the Patronacki Housing Estate in Czerwionka-Leszczyny, at. Mickiewicza Street no 1. |
The building is located among the buildings of the Patronacki Housing Estate in Czerwionka-Leszczyny, at. Wolności Street No 34. |
The building is located among the buildings of the Patronacki Housing Estate in Czerwionka-Leszczyny, at. Mickiewicza Street No 8. |
Table 2.
Choice of thickness of insulation material for variant No. I, II and III
| Selection of insulation materials thicknesses | |||||
| Lp. | Material | d [m] | λ [W/mK] VARIANT | R [m2K/W] | U [W/(m2K)] |
| VARIANT II | |||||
| 1 | Larch boards | 0.07 | 0.128 | 0.547 | 1.83 |
| VARIANT III | |||||
| 1 | Larch logs | 0.14 | 0.128 | 1.094 | 0.91 |
| VARIANT I | |||||
| 1 | Light concrete | 0.05 | 0.042 | 1.16 | 0.86 |
Table 3.
Physical parameters of the analyzed partition in the existing state
| No | Material | d [m] | λ[W/mK] | Emissivity ε |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | White glazed ceramic tile | 0.01 | 0.68 | 0.90 |
| 2 | Lime morta | 0.01 | 0.7 | 0.91 |
| 3 | Old brickwork wall 1810 kg/m3 | 0.12 | 0.705 | 0.88 |
| 4 | Pine wood, 550 kg/m3 | 0.12 | 0.16 | 0.86 |
| 5 | Cement-lime internal plaste | 0.02 | 0.88 | 0.91 |
Table 4.
Material data for variant I, II, III
| No | Material | d [m] | λ[W/mK] | Emissivity ε |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Light concrete | 0.005 | 0.2 | 0.91 |
| 2 | Mineral plates | 0.05 | 0.042 | 0.90 |
| 3 | Larch boards 400 kg/m3 | 0.07 | 0.128 | 0.86 |
| 4 | Larch logs 400 kg/m3 | 0.14 | 0.128 | 0.86 |
Figure 6.
Details of modification of buildings subject to analysis – Variant I (crosssection)
Figure 7.
Details of modification of buildings subject to analysis – Variant II (cross-section)
Table 5.
Climatic data and parameters related to heat transfer
| No | Climatic data | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | The outside temperature t e | -2.4°C |
| 2 | The internal temperature t i | 20.0°C |
| 3 | Relative humidity φ | 50% |
| Heat transfer | ||
| 4 | Coefficients of heat transfer h e | 25 W/(m2K) |
| 5 | Coefficients of heat transfer h i | 7.69 W/(m2K) |
| 6 | Coefficients of heat transfer (condensation of water vapour) | 4.0 W/(m2K) |
Figure 8.
Places of temperature measurement, for the existing state
Figure 9.
Places of temperature measurement, for the state after modifications
Table 6.
Analysis results in Therm – Distribution of isotherms for particular models, temperature values in selected places
Table 7.
Temperature at selected points – existing condition
| Temperature results for the state of existing objects | |||
| Building 1 1 Mickiewicza Street | Building 2 34 Wolności Street | Building 3 8 Mickiewicza Street | |
| Cross-sections | |||
| t1 | 13.2°C | 12.4°C | 15.5°C |
| t2 | No data | 7.6°C | 10.9°C |
| t4 | 14.5 | 14.1 | 16.8 |
| Longitudinal section | |||
| t1 | 16.5°C | 15.8°C | 15.9°C |
| t2 | No data | 10.7°C | 10.4°C |
| t3 | 12.4°C | 15.1°C | 15.2°C |
Figure 10.
Changes in water content in the internal plaster over 3 years
Figure 11.
Changes in water content in ceramic brick – the layer from the room side
Figure 12.
Changes in water content under the ceramic tile
Figure 13.
Changes in water content in the timber stud
Table 8.
Thermal insulation of bulkheads in existing state
| Building 1 1 Mickiewicza Street | Building 2 34 Wolności Street | Building 3 8 Mickiewicza Street |
| U = 2.3278 W/m2K | U = 1.5961 W/m2K | U =1.5603 W/m2K |
Figure 14.
Measurement results: blue line – heat flux, red line – temperature (in the room, yellow line – outside air temperature, green line – U)
Figure 15.
Thermal insulation of insulation baffles from the inside
Table 10.
Analysis results in Therm – Distribution of isotherms for particular models, temperature values in selected places for building 3: Mickiewicza 8 (example of calculations for a variant no 1)
| Variant no I: Mineral panels based on light cellular concrete gr. 5 cm |
|
Table 11.
Temperature and values of the temperature factor fRsi in selected points of the partition for state after modifications from the inside – cross section
| Results for variants after insulating from the inside | |||
| Variant No 1 | Variant No 2 | Variant No 3 | |
| Building M1 | |||
| t1 | 10.9°C | 11.7°C | 13.1°C |
| Temperature factor fRsi | 0.59 | 0.63 | 0.69 |
| t2 | - | - | - |
| t3 | 4.7°C | 6.5°C | 4.7°C |
| Temperature factor fRsi | 0.32 | 0.40 | 0.32 |
| Building M2 | |||
| t1 | 9.4°C | 10.4°C | 14.5°C |
| Temperature factor fRsi | 0.53 | 0.57 | 0.75 |
| t2 | 3.4°C | 4.3°C | 3.4°C |
| Temperature factor fRsi | 0.26 | 0.30 | 0.26 |
| t3 | 6.2°C | 7.4°C | 6.2°C |
| Temperature factor fRsi | 0.38 | 0.44 | 0.38 |
| Building M3 | |||
| t1 | 13.0°C | 14.1°C | 16.8°C |
| Temperature factor fRsi | 0.69 | 0.74 | 0.86 |
| t2 | 4.3°C | 6.0°C | 5.9°C |
| Temperature factor fRsi | 0.30 | 0.38 | 0.37 |
| t3 | 6.7°C | 9.1°C | 8.6°C |
| Temperature factor fRsi | 0.41 | 0.51 | 0.49 |