You’re an Engineer? You Must Be Really Smart! A Theoretical Discussion of the Need to Integrate “Smart” into Engineering Identity Research
References
- Anderson-Rowland, M. R., Rodriguez, A. A., & Grierson, A. (2013). Why some community college students choose engineering and some don’t. 2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition. DOI: 10.18260/1-2--22756
- Bakhtin, M. M. (1982). The dialogic imagination: Four essays (M. Holquist & C. Emerson, Trans.). University of Texas Press.
- Besterfield-Sacre, M., Atman, C. J., & Shuman, L. J. (1997). Characteristics of freshman engineering students: Models for determining student attrition in engineering. Journal of Engineering Education, 86(2), 139–149. DOI: 10.1002/j.2168-9830.1997.tb00277.x
- Bourdieu, P. (1977). Outline of a theory of practice (R. Nice, Trans.). Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511812507
- Burke, P. J., Owens, T. J., Serpe, R. T., & Thoits, P. A. (2003). Advances in identity theory and research. Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-9188-1
- Burke, P. J., & Stets, J. E. (2022). Identity theory: Revised and expanded. Oxford University Press. DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197617182.001.0001
- Capobianco, B. M., French, B. F., & Diefes-Du, H. A. (2012). Engineering identity development among pre-adolescent learners. Journal of Engineering Education, 101(4), 698–716. DOI: 10.1002/j.2168-9830.2012.tb01125.x
- Carlone, H. B., & Johnson, A. (2007). Understanding the science experiences of successful women of color: Science identity as an analytic lens. Journal of Research in Science Teaching: The Official Journal of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching, 44(8), 1187–1218. DOI: 10.1002/tea.20237
- Carroll, T., Kramer, A., & Dringenberg, E. (2019). Intelligence and smartness in engineering: A Gatekeeper to Diversity and Inclusion. Crystal City, Virginia: The Collaborative Network for Engineering and Computing Diversity.
- Curtis, B., Smaller, H., & Livingstone, D. (1992). Stacking the deck: The streaming of working-class kids in Ontario schools (Vol. 24). James Lorimer & Company.
- Dringenberg, E., Kramer, A., & Betz, A. (2022). Smartness in engineering education: Undergraduate student beliefs. Journal of Engineering Education, 111(2), 283–307. DOI: 10.1002/jee.20463
- Dweck, C. (2006). Mindset: The new psychology of success. Random House.
- Dweck, C. S. (2000). Self-theories: Their role in motivation, personality, and development. Psychology Press.
- Eliot, M., & Turns, J. (2011). Constructing professional portfolios: Sense-making and professional identity development for engineering undergraduates. Journal of Engineering Education, 100(4), 630–654. DOI: 10.1002/j.2168-9830.2011.tb00030.x
- Gee, J. P. (2000). Chapter 3: Identity as an analytic lens for research in education. Review of Research in Education, 25(1), 99–125. DOI: 10.3102/0091732X025001099
- Geisinger, B., Raman, D. R., & Raman, D. (2013). Why they leave: Understanding student attrition from engineering majors. International Journal of Engineering Education, 29(4), 914–925.
https://www.ijee.ie/latestissues/Vol29-4/14_ijee2746ns.pdf - Godfrey, E., & Parker, L. (2010). Mapping the cultural landscape in engineering education. Journal of Engineering Education, 99(1), 5–22. DOI: 10.1002/j.2168-9830.2010.tb01038.x
- Godwin, A. (2016). The development of a measure of engineering identity [Paper Presentation]. 2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, New Orleans, LA. DOI: 10.18260/p.26122
- Godwin, A., Potvin, G., Hazari, Z., & Lock, R. (2016). Identity, critical agency, and engineering: An affective model for predicting engineering as a career choice. Journal of Engineering Education, 105(2), 312–340. DOI: 10.1002/jee.20118
- Hatt, B. (2007). Street smarts vs. book smarts: The figured world of smartness in the lives of marginalized, urban youth. The Urban Review, 39(2), 145–166. DOI: 10.1007/s11256-007-0047-9
- Hatt, B. (2012). Smartness as a cultural practice in schools. American Educational Research Journal, 49(3), 438–460. DOI: 10.3102/0002831211415661
- Hazari, Z., Sonnert, G., Sadler, P. M., & Shanahan, M. C. (2010). Connecting high school physics experiences, outcome expectations, physics identity, and physics career choice: A gender study. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 47(8), 978–1003. DOI: 10.1002/tea.20363
- Holland, D., Lachicotte, W.,
Jr. , Skinner, D., & Cain, C. (1998). Identity and agency in cultural worlds. Harvard University Press. - Huff, J. L., Okai, B., Shanachilubwa, K., Sochacka, N. W., & Walther, J. (2021). Unpacking professional shame: Patterns of White male engineering students living in and out of threats to their identities. Journal of Engineering Education, 110(2), 414–436. DOI: 10.1002/jee.20381
- Kajfez, R., Kramer, A., Braaten, B., & Dringenberg, E. (Forthcoming). Am I smart enough to be an engineer? How undergraduate engineering students articulate their identification with smartness. Manuscript in Development.
- Kramer, A., Braaten, B., Kajfez, R. L., & Dringenberg, E. (2021). Who’s Smarter? Beliefs about Smartness and Self-Identities Across Institutionalized Educational Pathways into Engineering. 2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access.
- Leonardo, Z., & Broderick, A. (2011). Smartness as property: A critical exploration of intersections between whiteness and disability studies. Teachers College Record, 113(10), 2206–2232. DOI: 10.1177/016146811111301008
- Leslie, S.-J., Cimpian, A., Meyer, M., & Freeland, E. (2015). Expectations of brilliance underlie gender distributions across academic disciplines. Science, 347(6219), 262–265. DOI: 10.1126/science.1261375
- Morelock, J. R. (2017). A systematic literature review of engineering identity: Definitions, factors, and interventions affecting development, and means of measurement. European Journal of Engineering Education, 42(6), 1240–1262. DOI: 10.1080/03043797.2017.1287664
- National Academy of Engineering. (2008). Changing the conversation: Messages for improving public understanding of engineering. National Academies Press.
- Oakes, J. (2005). Keeping track. Yale University Press. DOI: 10.1126/stke.2772005tw114
- Okagaki, L., & Sternberg, R. J. (1993). Parental beliefs and children’s school performance. Child Development, 64(1), 36–56. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1993.tb02894.x
- Paretti, M. C., & McNair, L. D. (2012). Analyzing the intersections of institutional and discourse identities in engineering work at the local level. Engineering Studies, 4(1), 55–78. DOI: 10.1080/19378629.2011.652120
- Patrick, A., & Borrego, M. (2016). A review of the literature relevant to engineering identity. American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference, New Orleans, Louisiana. DOI: 10.18260/p.26428
- Patrick, A. D., Prybutok, A., & Borrego, M. (2018). Predicting persistence in engineering through an engineering identity scale. International Journal of Engineering Education, 34(2a), 351–363. DOI: 10.15781/T2ZC7SB9J
- Pierrakos, O., Beam, T. K., Constantz, J., Johri, A., & Anderson, R. (2009). On the development of a professional identity: Engineering persisters vs. engineering switchers. IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference, San Antonio, TX. DOI: 10.1109/FIE.2009.5350571
- Rattan, A., Savani, K., Naidu, N., & Dweck, C. S. (2012). Can everyone become highly intelligent? Cultural differences in and societal consequences of beliefs about the universal potential for intelligence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 103(5), 787. DOI: 10.1037/a0029263
- Rodriguez, S. L., Lu, C., & Bartlett, M. (2018). Engineering identity development: A review of the higher education literature. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, 6(3), 254–265. DOI: 10.18404/ijemst.428182
- Ross, M. S., Huff, J. L., & Godwin, A. (2021). Resilient engineering identity development critical to prolonged engagement of Black women in engineering. Journal of Engineering Education, 110(1), 92–113. DOI: 10.1002/jee.20374
- Secules, S., Gupta, A., Elby, A., & Turpen, C. (2018). Zooming out from the struggling individual student: An account of the cultural construction of engineering ability in an undergraduate programming class. Journal of Engineering Education, 107(1), 56–86. DOI: 10.1002/jee.20191
- Sfard, A., & Prusak, A. (2005). Telling identities: In search of an analytic tool for investigating learning as a culturally shaped activity. Educational researcher, 34(4), 14–22. DOI: 10.3102/0013189x034004014
- Sochacka, N., Walther, J., Wilson, J., & Brewer, M. (2014). Stories ‘told’ about engineering in the media: Implications for attracting diverse groups to the profession. 2014 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE) Proceedings, Madrid, Spain. DOI: 10.1109/FIE.2014.7044009
- Sternberg, R. J. (2002). What does it mean to be smart? California Journal of Science Education, 99.
- Sternberg, R. J. (2004). Culture and intelligence. American Psychologist, 59(5), 325. DOI: 10.1037/0003-066X.59.5.325
- Sternberg, R. J. (2007). Who are the bright children? The cultural context of being and acting intelligent. Educational Researcher, 36(3), 148–155. DOI: 10.3102/0013189X07299881
- Stevens, R., Amos, D., Jocuns, A., & Garrison, L. (2007). Engineering as lifestyle and a meritocracy of difficulty: Two pervasive beliefs among engineering students and their possible effects. ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings. DOI: 10.18260/1-2--2791
- Stevens, R., O’Connor, K., Garrison, L., Jocuns, A., & Amos, D. M. (2008). Becoming an engineer: Toward a three-dimensional view of engineering learning. Journal of Engineering Education, 97(3), 355–368. DOI: 10.1002/j.2168-9830.2008.tb00984.x
- Tonso, K. L. (2007). On the outskirts of engineering: Learning identity, gender, and power via engineering practice. Brill. DOI: 10.1163/9789087903534
- Vignoles, V. L., Schwartz, S. J., & Luyckx, K. (2011).
Introduction: Toward an integrative view of identity . In Handbook of identity theory and research (pp. 1–27). Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-7988-9_1 - Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: Development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.
- Weiner, S., Lande, M., & Jordan, S. (2018). The engineer of 2020, in the making: Understanding how young adults develop maker identities and the implications for education reform. International Journal of Engineering Education, 34(2), 833–842.
https://www.ijee.ie/latestissues/Vol34-2B/26_ijee3601.pdf
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21061/see.86 | Journal eISSN: 2690-5450
Language: English
Page range: 22 - 37
Submitted on: Oct 12, 2021
Accepted on: Jul 5, 2023
Published on: Aug 8, 2023
Published by: Virginia Tech Publishing
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
© 2023 Bailey Braaten, Emily Dringenberg, Amy Kramer, Rachel Kajfez, published by Virginia Tech Publishing
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.