Figure 1
Conventional powder metallurgy process from metal powder to finished part.
Note: Used by permission from the Metal Powder International Foundation.
Figure 2
Rural Jefferson, Elk, and Cameron Counties in Pennsylvania contained 38% of establishments, employed 38% of workers, and paid 36% of wages in PM2 (NAICS 332177) in the US, 2021 4th Quarter.
Note: Shares of establishments, employment, and wages were calculated using data from Bureau of Labor Statistics (2022). NAICS 332177 is a six-digit code used by the Bureau of the Census (2022) for classifying PM2 industry activity and output within the US economy.
Table 1
PM2 Establishments, Employment, Wages, and Employment and Wages Location Quotients in the US, Pennsylvania, and Selected Pennsylvania Counties, 2021 4th Quarter.
| REGION | ESTABLISHMENTSA | DECEMBER EMPLOYMENT | TOTAL WAGESB | EMPLOYMENT LOCATION QUOTIENTC | WAGES LOCATION QUOTIENTD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US Total | 167 | 8,702 | $130,033 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Pennsylvania | 63 | 4,622 | $64,025 | 13.56 | 13.18 |
| Pennsylvania Counties | |||||
| Cameron | 5 | 388 | $8,014 | 3,882.58 | 7,833.02 |
| Elk | 32 | 2,276 | $30,685 | 2,899.67 | 3,838.84 |
| Jefferson | 6 | 655 | $8,377 | 758.76 | 996.84 |
[i] Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics (2022).
a An establishment is generally a single physical location where business is conducted or where services or industrial operations are performed (Bureau of the Census, 2022). b In thousands of nominal US dollars. c Employment Location Quotient = local concentration/national concentration, where local concentration = local PM2 employment/local all-industry employment, and national concentration = national PM2 employment/national all-industry employment. d Calculated same as Employment Location Quotient, but substitute total wages for employment in calculations. Refer to Bureau of Labor Statistics (2021) and Wheeler (2005) for additional detail about calculation and interpretation.