How does context affect self-governance? Examining Ostrom’s design principles in China

Source: Based on Ostrom (1990) and Cox et al. (2010).

Note: The columns of P, AS and AE are the results of the one-tail Barnard’s test (1945) between the DP variable presence and successful outcome dimensions, where “P” stands for “Provision”; “AS” stands for “Appropriation – Sufficiency”; “AE” stands for “Appropriation – Equity”; the p-values of the Barnard’s test (p<0.1) are marked there; “p” means significant positive correlation, while “n” means significant negative correlation. The full results of tests on the relations between each DP variable and outcomes can be found in Table A4.

Note: The columns of P, AS and AE are the results of the one-tail Barnard’s test (1945) between the DP variable presences and successful outcome dimensions, where “P” stands for “Provision”; “AS” stands for “Appropriation – Sufficiency”; “AE” stands for “Appropriation – Equity”; the p-values of the Barnard’s test (p<0.1) are marked there; “p” means significant positive correlation, while “n” means significant negative correlation. The full results of tests on the relations between each DP variable and outcomes can be found in Table A4.

*The data are calculated from the 332-user questionnaire surveys. They were asked of their agricultural income and the total income. Then, the agricultural dependency of the 9 WUAs averaged the user data by each WUA, came to divide the two and it is transferred into binary one, assigning as 1 when the value is larger than the average and as 0 when smaller.

Note: (1) The variable definitions, the direction and the significances of the Barnard’s test can be found in Tables 3 and 4 and Table A4. (2) The “P”, “AS”, “AE”, “R”, “L” and “B” stand respectively for “Provision”, “Appropriation – Sufficiency”, “Appropriation – Equity”, “Resource Intervention”, “Leadership Intervention” and “Both”. (3) WUAs intervened by resource interventions are wTC, wXJ, wDJ, wBY and wHT, by leadership interventions are wRM, wXD and wMY. The WUA of wTE is intervened by both. (4) The variables of highlight blanks are significantly negative related to the outcome; others are significantly positive to the outcome. (5) The % of present cases contributing to the significance is counted based on the original data in Table A2; For each significant DP variable, the value is the number of DP present and success/failure cases divided by the number of total success/failure cases under the intervention.

Note: (1) The dataset includes 332 questionnaires of farming households and 9 questionnaires of WUA leaders along with in-depth interview transcripts of 9 WUA leaders and 6 administrators. (2) They were collected by China Institute for Rural Studies (CIRS) of Tsinghua University at the Hetao Irrigated Area (HIA) in Inner Mongolia province in July 2015. (3) The source of the number of users of each WUA was provided by the HIA in 2015.

Note: Bartlett test of the sphericity=199.534, p=0.000, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) statistic=0.674.

Extraction method: principal component analysis. Rotation method: varimax with Kaiser normalization.

Note: (1) The calculation of the outcome dimensions can be found in Appendix 2; (2) The contents of the independent and contextual variables can be found in Tables 3 and 4 of the main text.

Note: (1) The “DP” stands for “design principle”, whose variables were formulated following the of Cox et al. (2010) and the contents of the variables can be found on Tables 3 and 4 of the main text. (2) the column of “p-values” is one-tail Barnard’s test (1945) between the DP variable presences and successful outcome dimensions and “*” is marked as “p<0.1”; the p-values are produced by an online calculator (https://scistatcalc.blogspot.com/2013/11/barnards-test-calculator.html). (3) The “Conformity” means the ratio of supportive case number (main diagonal) to the total case size (9 case WUAs) according to the DP theory. (4) The “ratio” means the number of supportive cases (main diagonal) to unsupportive cases (off-diagonal).

Note: The square brackets in the column of cases stands for that the outcome of the case is 0, and “C” in the column of outcomes means a contradictory configuration.

Note: All the consistency of the configural conditions are 1.

Note: (1) ● indicate the presence of a condition, and ⊗ indicate its absence. Blank spaces indicate “don’t care”. (2) On the solution header, “P”, “AS” and “AE” stands respectively for the outcome dimensions: “Provision”, “Appropriation – Sufficiency” and “Appropriation – Equity”; the numbers stand for the number of solutions for each outcome dimension. (3) On the row header, “DPG” stands for “design principle groups”; “C3R” and “C3L” stands for resource and leadership interventions. (4) This form reports the intermediate solutions. (5) conditions shown by lowercase means “absent” while by uppercase means “present”.