Spatio-Temporal Distributions of the Natural Non-Sea-Salt Aerosol Over the Southern Ocean and Coastal Antarctica and Its Potential Source Regions

More than 40 years of aerosol data including concentrations of particle number and of nine major ions collected over the Southern Ocean and coastal stations have been aggregated and filtered with back trajectories to reduce the risk of influence from adjacent continents. That provided a rich dataset including latitudinal distribution and seasonality of physical and chemical aerosol parameters that allow insights into aerosol sources over the Southern Ocean. These data together with statistics of back trajectory paths of high (75% percentile) and low (25% percentile) concentrations of the studied aerosol parameters were used to identify potential source regions of the respective compounds. For particle number concentrations, MSA, and the non-sea-salt fractions of Ca and potassium the most prominent source regions were found in high DMS-areas close to Antarctica, whereas the potential source regions of NH₄ and the non-sea-salt fraction of Mg were located in part further north over the Southern Ocean. These geographical differences would reflect differences in the marine biota.