Table 1
Pearson correlations of work-changes due to COVID, shared identity and complains with COVID-19 health regulations.
| M | SD | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Age | 46.50 | 11.74 | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| 2. Gender | .48 | .50 | –.14** | — | |||||||||||||||||
| 3. Org D1 | .09 | .29 | .03 | –.03 | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 4. Org D2 | .25 | .43 | –.03 | .17** | –.18** | — | |||||||||||||||
| 5. Org D3 | .60 | .49 | .04 | –.14** | –.39** | –.71** | — | ||||||||||||||
| 6. Occ D1 | .51 | .50 | –.04 | –.04 | .05 | .13** | –.12** | — | |||||||||||||
| 7. Occ D2 | .32 | .47 | .01 | .17** | .02 | –.05 | .00 | –.73** | — | ||||||||||||
| 8. Occ D3 | .06 | .24 | .04 | –.12** | –.08** | –.09** | .13** | –.27** | –.18** | — | |||||||||||
| 9. Full-time | .75 | .44 | –.07* | –.09** | .10** | .00 | –.06* | .11** | –.10** | –.01 | — | ||||||||||
| 10. Contract type | .93 | .25 | .16** | –.02 | –.00 | –.08** | .07** | .01 | .01 | –.04 | .19** | — | |||||||||
| 11. Tenure | 12.71 | 10.57 | .45** | –.09** | .08** | .05 | –.08** | .05 | –.08** | .05 | .08** | .17** | — | ||||||||
| 12. Hrs worked | 36.60 | 10.27 | .00 | –.08** | .01 | –.05 | .06* | .07* | –.05 | .01 | .33** | .08** | .03 | — | |||||||
| 13. Job change | .08 | .28 | .12** | –.04 | –.01 | –.04 | .06* | .02 | –.03 | .00 | .05 | .20** | .17** | .03 | — | ||||||
| 14. Quant. JI | 2.09 | .98 | –.12** | .04 | –.10** | –.09** | .11** | –.05 | .03 | .03 | –.06* | –.16** | –.14** | –.02 | –.13** | — | |||||
| 15. Qual. JI | 2.72 | 1.04 | –.12** | .08** | –.07* | .10** | –.07** | –.01 | –.01 | –.01 | .02 | –.11** | –.05 | –.01 | –.11** | .64** | — | ||||
| 16. COVID social contacts change | 2.06 | 1.00 | –.04 | –.07* | –.09** | –.02 | .08** | –.11** | .05 | .07** | .02 | –.04 | .00 | .00 | –.04 | –.05 | –.07** | — | |||
| 17. COVID workload change | 3.04 | 1.13 | –.11** | .04 | –.04 | .04 | .00 | .07** | –.02 | –.08** | .19** | .03 | –.02 | .10** | .00 | –.08** | –.02 | .27** | — | ||
| 18. COVID decision making change | 2.94 | .72 | –.05 | –.11** | –.02 | –.07* | .07* | .07* | –.05 | –.03 | .08** | .06* | –.03 | .02 | .00 | –.08** | –.14** | .35** | .30** | — | |
| 19. Identification w the working pop | 4.08 | .72 | .13** | .03 | .03 | .01 | .02 | .04 | –.01 | –.02 | .10** | .10** | .06* | .09** | .07** | –.14** | –.11** | –.06* | .05 | .04 | — |
| 20. Compliance w COVID measures | 3.37 | .54 | .10** | .10** | .02 | –.02 | .02 | .09** | –.02 | –.03 | –.03 | .02 | .06* | .00 | .02 | .04 | .04 | –.22** | –.05 | –.05 | .14** |
[i] Note. Gender (1 = woman, 0 = man), Org D1 = local government employee (1 = yes, 0 = no), Org D2 = public sector employee (1 = yes, 0 = no), Org D3 = private sector employee (1 = yes, 0 = no), Occ D1 = high skilled white collar job (1 = yes, 0 = no), Occ D2 = low skilled white collar job (1 = yes, 0 = no), Occ D3 = high skilled blue collar job (1 = yes, 0 = no), full-time ‘works full-time’ (1 = yes, 0 = no), Contract type (1 = permanent, 0 = not permanent), Job change ‘Job change due to the pandemic’ (1 = yes, 0 = no).
*p < .05, **p < .01.
Table 2
Structural Equation Model unstandardized estimates of changes in work predicting shared identity with the working population and COVID Compliance controlling for nationality and job insecurity.
| IDENTIFICATION WITH THE WORKING POPULATION | COVID COMPLIANCE | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | SEB | p | B | SEB | p | |
| UK | .183 | .034 | <.001 | .195 | .037 | <.001 |
| US | .179 | .031 | <.001 | .104 | .038 | .006 |
| Qualitative job insecurity | –.012 | .021 | .564 | .006 | .025 | .823 |
| Change of job | .028 | .037 | .460 | .055 | .049 | .260 |
| Change in social contact | –.033 | .014 | .020 | –.101 | .017 | <.001 |
| Change in workload | .034 | .012 | .005 | .004 | .014 | .775 |
| Change in decision making | .004 | .021 | .842 | .001 | .023 | .950 |
| Quantitative job insecurity | –.061 | .022 | .006 | .007 | .023 | .764 |
| Identification with the working population | .174 | .044 | <.001 | |||
| R2 | 0.062 | 0.099 | ||||
| Est/SE Est | 4.587** | 5.283** | ||||
[i] Note. **p < .001.
Table 3
Results of a 2SLS regression and OLS regression of identification with the working population on COVID compliance.
| 2SLS –1st STAGE | 2SLS –2nd STAGE | OLS | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | SEB | p | B | SEB | p | B | SEB | p | |
| UK | 0.278 | 0.047 | <.001 | 0.135 | 0.045 | .003 | 0.200 | 0.037 | <.001 |
| US | 0.209 | 0.046 | <.001 | 0.047 | 0.042 | .262 | 0.099 | 0.035 | .005 |
| Qualitative Job insecurity | 0.035 | 0.024 | .151 | 0.024 | 0.018 | .184 | 0.020 | 0.018 | .266 |
| Change of job | –0.159 | 0.068 | .019 | –0.012 | 0.054 | .826 | –0.046 | 0.052 | .378 |
| Change in social contact | –0.057 | 0.020 | .005 | –0.102 | 0.017 | <.001 | –0.116 | 0.016 | <.001 |
| Change in workload | 0.065 | 0.018 | <.001 | –0.002 | 0.015 | .898 | 0.010 | 0.014 | .478 |
| Change in decision making | 0.004 | 0.029 | .882 | 0.015 | 0.022 | .500 | 0.021 | 0.022 | .344 |
| Quantitative Job insecurity | –0.083 | 0.025 | <.001 | 0.026 | 0.021 | .206 | 0.007 | 0.019 | .720 |
| Identification with the working population | 0.296 | 0.088 | .001 | 0.086 | 0.021 | <.001 | |||
| Trust in the Organization (Instrument) | 0.190 | 0.022 | <.001 | ||||||
| R2 | .117 | .084 | .090 | ||||||
| F (9,1311) | 19.287** | 13.510** | 14.429** | ||||||
[i] Note. **p < .001.