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Scoring of bone erosions on US by the OMERACT task force
| Grade 0 | Intact cortical bone |
| Grade 1 | Single small erosion (diameter: ≤2 mm) |
| Grade 2 | Single large erosion (diameter: >2 mm) or 2 small erosions or 1 large and 1 small erosion |
| Grade 3 | 2 large erosions or ≥3 erosions, regardless of size |
Features of rheumatologic diseases on HRUS
| Disease | Joint involvement | Key features on HRUS |
|---|---|---|
| Degenerative | ||
| Osteoarthritis (OA) | Knee Hand (1st CMC, DIP, PIP) Hip | Cartilage thinning and irregularity Intrasubstance echogenicity in cartilage Marginal Osteophytes Joint space narrowing Effusion Synovitis Medial meniscal extrusion |
| Inflammatory | ||
| Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) | MCP PIP Wrist MTP | Synovitis Effusion Erosions Tenosynovitis Bursitis Enthesitis Tendinitis Rheumatoid nodules |
| Juvenile idiopathic arthritis | Knee Ankle Hand Elbow Hip | Synovitis Tenosynovitis Cartilage loss Enthesitis Bursitis Tendinitis |
| Lupus arthritis | MCP PIP Wrist | Synovitis Tenosynovitis |
| Spondyloarthropathies (SpA) | Hand Knees Wrist | Enthesitis Synovitis Tenosynovitis Bursitis Paratenonitis Dactylitis |
| Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) | Shoulder Hip | Bursitis Effusion |
| Crystal deposition diseases | ||
| Gout | 1st MTP Tarsal Ankle Knee | Double contour sign Tophi Erosions Synovitis Effusion |
| Pseudogout | Knee Wrist Ankle | Intracartilaginous echogenic crystal deposits Synovitis Effusion Enthesitis |
EULAR-OMERACT combined scoring system for grading synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis
| Grade 0 | Normal joint | No GS-detected SH and no PD signal (within the synovium) |
| Grade 1 | Minimal Synovitis | Grade 1 SH and ≤ Grade 1 PD signal |
| Grade 2 | Moderate Synovitis | Grade 2 SH and ≤ Grade 2 PD signal or Grade 1 SH and Grade 2 PD signal |
| Grade 3 | Severe Synovitis | Grade 3 SH and ≤ Grade 3 PD signal or Grade 1 or 2 SH and Grade 3 PD signal |