References
- APSIT, V. J., R. R. NAKAMURA and N. C. WHEELER (1989): Differential Male Reproductive Success in Douglas-Fir. Theor. Appl. Genet. 77, 681-684.
- ARNOLD, M. L. (1997): Natural Hybridization and Evolution, Oxford University Press, New York, New York.
- ARONEN, T., T. NIKKANEN, A. HARJU, H. Tiimonen and H. HAGGMAN (2002): Pollen competition and seed-siring success in Picea abies, Theor.Appl.Genet. 104, 638-642.
- BREWBAKER, J. L. and B. H. KWACK (1963): Essential Role of Calcium Ion in Pollen Germination and Pollen Tube Growth, Am. J. Bot. 50, 859-865.10.2307/2439772
- CRITCHFIELD, W. B. (1988): Hybridization of the California Firs. Forest Science 34, 139-151.
- DITLEVSEN, B. and U. B. NIELSEN (1997): Den fremtidige frøforsyning af nordmannsgran, Skoven 453-457.
- DOGRA, P. D. (1967): Seed sterility and disturbances in embryogeny in conifers with particular reference to seed testing and tree breeding in Pinaceae, Stud. For. Suec. 45, 5-97.
- FOWLER, D. P. (1978): Population improvement and hybridization, Unasylva 30, 21-26.
- HANSEN, O. K., G. G. VENDRAMIN, F. SEBASTIANI and K. J. Edwards (2005): Development of microsatellite markers in Abies nordmanniana (Stev.) Spach and cross-species amplification in the Abies genus, Mol. Ecol. Notes 5, 784-787.10.1111/j.1471-8286.2005.01062.x
- HANSEN, O. K. and E. D. KJÆR (2006): Paternity analysis with microsatellites in a Danish Abies nordmanniana clonal seed orchard reveals dysfunctions. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 36, 1054-1058.10.1139/x05-299
- HAWLEY, G. J. and D. H. DEHAYES (1985): Hybridization Among Several North-American Firs. 1. Crossability. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 15, 42-49.
- HEDRICK, P. W., O. SAVOLAINEN and K. KARKKAINEN (1999): Factors influencing the extent of inbreeding depression: an example from Scots pine. Heredity 82, 441-450.10.1038/sj.hdy.6885020
- JACOBSEN, F. (1988): Juletræer og Klippegrønt in H. A. HENRIKSEN (Ed.), Skoven og dens dyrkning, Dansk Skovforening, Nyt Nordisk forlag Arnold Busck, Copenhagen, pp. 607-636.
- KLAEHN, F. U. and J. A. WINIESKI (1962): Interspecific hybridization in the genus Abies, Silvae. Genet. 11, 130-142.
- KORMUTAK, A. (1992): Artificial hybridization between the white fir (Abies concolor Gord. et Glend./Lindl.) and grand fir (Abies grandis Dougl./Lindl.). Lesnictvi Forestry (Prague) 38, 759-769.
- KORMUTAK, A. (1997): Cytological aspects of interspecific hybridization in true firs (Abies species). In: BORZAN, Z., SCHLARBAUM, S. E. (eds.), Cytogenetic studies of forest trees and shrub species Brijuni, Croatia, 8-11 September 1993. 303-310.
- LINDGREN, D. and R. YAZDANI (1988): Paternal contributions following artificial pollination in Pinus sylvestris (L.), Scand J Forest Res 3, 299-304.10.1080/02827588809382518
- LIU, T.-S. (1971): A Monograph of the genus Abies, Department of forestry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- LØFTING, E. C. L. (1973): A survey of the present state of Abies nordmanniana in Denmark, Forstlige Forsoegsvaesen i Danmark 33, 303-326.
- MERGEN, F., J. BURLEY and B. A. SIMPSON (1964): Artificial hybridization in Abies. Der Zuchter 34, 242-251.
- MORAN, G. F. and A. R. GRIFFIN (1985): Non-random contribution of pollen in polycrosses of Pinus radiata D. Don, Silvae. Genet. 34, 117-121.
- NAKAMURA, R. R. and N. C. WHEELER (1992a): Pollen Competition and Paternal Success in Douglas-Fir, Evolution 46, 846-851.10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb02093.x
- NAKAMURA R. R. and N. C. WHEELER (1992b): Self-Fertility Variation and Paternal Success Through Outcrossing in Douglas-Fir. Theor. Appl. Genet. 83, 851-854.
- NIELSEN, U. B. (1994): Breeding noble fir (Abies procera Rehder) and nordmann fir (Abies nordmanniana (Stev.) Spach) for Christmas trees and greenery in Denmark. Proceedings - Nordic group for tree breeding, Edinburgh, Scotland, 1993, 118-127. Forestry Commission, Edinburgh, Scotland.
- NIELSEN, U. B. (2000): Forædling af nordmannsgran og nobilis: Status og muligheder., Pyntegrøntserien 15, 1-54.
- NIELSEN, U. B. and G. A. CHASTAGNER (2005): Variation in postharvest quality among Nordmann fir provenances, Hortscience 40, 553-557.
- NYHOLM, I. (1986): Håndbog i frøbehandling, Dansk Planteskoleejerforening.
- O’CONNELL, L. M. and K. RITLAND (2005): Post-pollination mechanisms promoting outcrossing in a self-fertile conifer, Thuja plicata (Cupressaceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 83, 335-342.10.1139/b05-007
- PAKKANEN, A., T. NIKKANEN and P. PULKKINEN (2000): Annual variation in pollen contamination and outcrossing in a Picea abies seed orchard, Scand. J. Forest. Res. 15, 399-404.
- PARANTAINEN, A. and P. PULKKINEN (2003): Flowering and airborne pollen occurrence in a Pinus sylvestris seed orchard consisting of northern clones, Scand. J. Forest. Res. 18, 111-117.
- RHYMER, J. M. and D. SIMBERLOFF (1996): Extinction by hybridization and introgression, Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 27, 83-109.10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.27.1.83
- RIESEBERG L. H. (1997): Hybrid origins of plant species, Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 28, 359-389.10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.28.1.359
- SNEDECOR, G.W. and W. G. COCHRAN (1980): Statistical Methods, The Iowa State Univ. Press, Ames, Iowa.
- STCLAIR, J. B. and W. B. CRITCHFIELD (1988): Hybridization of A Rocky-Mountain Fir (Abies Concolor) and A Mexican Fir (Abies Religiosa). Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18, 640-643.10.1139/x88-094
- STEINER, W. and H. R. GREGORIUS (1999): Incompatibility and pollen competition in Alnus glutinosa: Evidence from pollination experiments, Genetica 105, 259-271.
- WEBBER, J. E. and R. A. PAINTER (1996): Douglas-fir Pollen Management Manual. Work. Pap. 02/1996. Res. Br., B. C. Min. For.
- WRIGHT, J. W. (1976): Introduction to forest genetics, Academic Press, London, UK.