References
- Balbuena, J.A., Karlsbakk, E., Saksvik, M., Kvenseth, A.M. & Nylund, A. (1998). New data on the early development of Hysterothylacium aduncum (Nematoda, Anisakidae). Journal of Parasitology 84: 615–617. 10.2307/3284732.
- Balbuena, J.A., Karlsbakk, E., Kvenseth, A.M., Saksvik, M. & Nylund, A. (2000). Growth and emigration of third-stage larvae of Hysterothylacium aduncum (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in larval herring Clupea harengus. Journal of Parasitology 86: 1271–1275. 10.1645/0022-3395(2000)086[1271:GAEOTS]2.0.CO;2.
- Bowering, W.R. & Chumakov, A.K. (1989). Distribution and relative abundance of Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides Walbaum) in the Canadian Northwest Atlantic from Davis Strait to the northern Grand Bank. Fisheries Research 7: 301–327. 10.1016/0165-7836(89)90064-7.
- Bowering, W.R. & Lilly, G.R. (1992). Predation on shrimp (Pandalus borealis) by Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) and Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) off Labrador. ICES Council Meeting 1984/G: 54.
- Brattey, J. & Davidson, W.S. (1996). Genetic variation within Pseudoterranova decipiens (Nematoda: Ascaridoidea) from Canadian Atlantic marine fishes and seals: Characterization by RFLP analysis of genomic DNA. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 53: 333–341. 10.1139/f95-196.
- Brattey, J. & Stenson, G.B. (1993). Host specificity and abundance of parasitic nematodes (Ascaridoidea) from the stomachs of five phocid species from Newfoundland and Labrador. Canadian Journal of Zoology 71: 2156–2166. 10.1139/z93-303.
- Bristow, G.A. & Berland, B. (1992). On the ecology and distribution of Pseudoterranova decipiens C (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in an intermediate host, Hippoglossoides platessoides, in northern Norwegian waters. International Journal of Parasitology 22: 203–208. 10.1016/0020-7519(92)90102-Q.
- Bush, A.O., Lafferty, K.D., Lotz, J.M. & Shostak, A.W. (1997). Parasitology meets ecology on its own terms: Margolis et al. revisited. The Journal of Parasitology 83(4): 575–583. 10.2307/3284227.
- Chibani, M., Kijewska, A. & Rokicki, J. (2005). Sex and age of flounder Platichthys flesus (L.) and parasitic infection in the Gulf of Gdańsk. Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies 34: 85–96.
- Dalpadado, P. & Skjoldal, H.R. (1996). Abundance, maturity and growth of the krill species Thysanoessa inermis and T. longicaudata in the Barents Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series 144: 175–183.
- Dolgov, A.V., Yaragina, N.A., Ajiad, A.M., Mehl, S. & Bogstad, B. (1992). Daily rations of cod from the Barents Sea. PINRO-IMR Symposium 5; 1992.
- Dwyer, K.S., Buren, A. & Koen-Alonso, M. (2010). Greenland halibut diet in the Northwest Atlantic from 1978 to 2003 as an indicator of ecosystem change. Journal of Sea Research 64: 436–445. 10.1016/j.seares.2010.04.006.
- Dzido, J. (2011). Identyfikacja molekularna oraz zróżnicowanie wewnątrzgatunkowe pasożytniczych nicieni z rodziny Anisakidae. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland, 133 p. (In Polish).
- Fagerholm, H.P. (1991). Systematic implications of male caudal morphology in ascaridoid nematode parasites. Systematic Parasitology 19: 215–228. 10.1007/BF00011888.
- Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (2017). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org, version (06/2017).
- Hoarau, G., Holla, S., Lescasse, R., Stam, W.T. & Olsen, J.L. (2002). Heteroplasmy and evidence for recombination in the mitochondrial control region of the flatfish Platichthys flesus. Molecular Biology and Evolution 19: 2261–2264. 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004049.
- Hovde, S.C., Albert, O.T. & Nilssen, E.M. (2002). Spatial, seasonal and ontogenetic variation in diet of Northeast Arctic Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides). ICES Journal of Marine Science 59: 421–437. 10.1006/jmsc.2002.1171.
- Jørgensen, O.A. (1997). Pelagic occurrence of Greenland halibut, Reinhardtius hippoglossoides (Walbaum), in West Greenland waters. Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fishery Science 21: 39–50. 10.2960/J.v21.a3.
- Karpiej, K., Dzido, J., Rokicki, J. & Kijewska, A. (2013). Anisakid nematodes of Greenland halibut Reinhardtius hippoglossoides from the Barents Sea. Journal of Parasitology 99(4): 650–654. 10.1645/GE-2987.1.
- Kijewska, A., Rokicki, J., Sitko, J. & Węgrzyn, G. (2002). Ascaridoidea: a simple DNA assay for identification of 11 species infecting marine and freshwater fish, mammals, and fish-eating birds. Experimental Parasitology 101: 35–39. 10.1016/S0014-4894(02)00031-0.
- Kijewska, A., Dzido, J. & Rokicki, J. (2009). Anisakis parasites of fishes caught on the African Shelf. Journal of Parasitology 95: 639–645. 10.1645/GE-1796.1.
- Klimpel, S., Palm, H.W., Rückert, S. & Piatkowski, U. (2004). The life cycle of Anisakis simplex in the Norwegian Deep (northern North Sea). Parasitology Research 94: 1–9. 10.1007/s00436-004-1154-0.
- Klimpel, S. & Rückert, S. (2005). Life cycle strategy of Hysterothylacium aduncum to become the most abundant anisakid fish nematode in the North Sea. Parasitology Research 97: 141–149. 10.1007/s00436-005-1407-6.
- Kuhn, T., García-Màrquez, J. & Klimpel, S. (2011). Adaptive radiation within marine anisakid nematodes: azoogeographical modeling of cosmopolitan, zoonotic parasites. Public Library of Science ONE 6: e28642. 10.1371/journal.pone.0028642.
- Levsen, A., Paoletti, M., Cipriani, P., Nascetti, G. & Mattiucci, S. (2016). Species composition and infection dynamics of ascaridoid nematodes in Barents Sea capelin (Mallotus villosus) reflecting trophic position of fish host. Parasitology Research 115: 4281–4291. 10.1007/s00436-016-5209-9.
- Link, J.S., Jason, S., Bogstad, B., Sparholt, H. & Lilly, G.R. (2009). Trophic role of Atlantic cod in the ecosystem. Fish and Fisheries 10: 1467–2979. 10.1111/j.1467-2979.2008.00295.x.
- Marcogliese, D.J. (1996). Transmission of the sealworm, Pseudoterranova decipiens (Krabbe), from invertebrates to fish in an enclosed brackish pond. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 205: 205–219. 10.1016/S0022-0981(96)02613-5.
- Margolis, L., Esch, G.W., Holmes, J.C., Kuris, A.M. & Shad, G.A. (1982). The use of ecological terms in parasitology (report of an ad hoc committee of the American Society of Parasitologists). Journal of Parasitology 68: 131–133. 10.2307/3281335.
- Martell, D.J. & McClelland, G. (1995). Transmission of Pseudoterranova decipiens (Nematoda: Ascaridoidea) via benthic macrofauna to sympatric flatfishes (Hippoglossoides platessoides, Pleuronectes ferrugineus, P. americanus) on Sable Island Bank, Canada. Journal of Marine Biology 122: 129–135. 10.1007/BF00349286.
- Mattiucci, S., Nascetti, G., Cianchi, R., Paggi, L., Arduino, P. et al. (1997). Genetic and ecological data on the Anisakis simplex complex, with evidence for a new species (Nematoda, Ascaridoidea, Anisakidae). Journal of Parasitology 83: 401–416. 10.2307/3284402.
- Mattiucci S., Paggi L., Nascetti G., Ishikura H., Kikuchi, K. et al. (1998). Allozyme and morphological identification of Anisakis, Contracaecum and Pseudoterranova from Japanese waters (Nematoda: Ascaridoidea). Systematic Parasitology 40: 81–92. 10.1023/A:1005914926720.
- McClelland G. (1995). Experimental infections of fish with larval sealworm, Pseudoterranova decipiens (Nematoda, Anisakinae), transmitted by amphipods. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52: 140–155. 10.1139/f95-520.
- McClelland, G., Misra, R.K. & Martell, D.J. (1985). Variations in abundance oflarval anisakines, sealworm (Pseudoterranova decipiens) and related species, in eastern Canadian cod and flatfish. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences No. 1392, p. 57.
- McClelland, G., Misra, R.K. & Martell, D.J. (1990). Larval anisakine nematodes in various fish species from Sable Island Bank and vicinity. Canadian Bulletin of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 222: 83–113.
- Michalsen, K. & Nedreaas, K.H. (1998). Food and feeding of Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides, Walbaum) in the Barents Sea and East Greenland waters. Sarsia 83: 401–407. 10.1080/00364827.1998.10413699.
- Mouritsen, K.N., Hedeholm, R., Schack, H.B., Møller, L.N., Storr-Paulsen, M. et al. (2010). Occurrence of anisakid nematodes in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and Greenland cod (Gadus ogac), West Greenland. Acta Parasitologica 55(1): 81–89. 10.2478/s11686-010-0009-3.
- Nascetti, G., Cianchi, R., Mattiucci, S., D’Amelio, S., Orecchia, P. et al. (1993). Three sibling species within Contracaecum osculatum (Nematoda, Ascaridida, Ascaridoidea) from the Atlantic Arctic-Boreal region: reproductive isolation and host preferences. International Journal of Parasitology 23(1): 105–120. 10.1016/0020-7519(93)90103-6.
- Nedreaas, K.H. & Smirnov, O. (2004). Stock characteristics, fisheries and management of Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides Walbaum) in the northeast Arctic. IMR/PINRO, Conference, 23p.
- Orecchia, P., Mattiucci, S., D’Amelio, S., Paggi, L., Plötz, J. et al. (1994). Two new members in the Contracaecum osculatum complex (Nematoda, Ascaridoidea) from the Antarctic. International Journal of Parasitology 24(3): 367–377. 10.1016/0020-7519(94)90084-1.
- Paggi, L., Nascetti, G., Cianchi, R., Orecchia, P., Mattiucci, S. et al. (1991). Genetic evidence for three species within Pseudoterranova decipiens (Nematoda, Ascaridida, Ascaridoidea) in the North Atlantic and Norwegian and Barents Seas. International Journal of Parasitology 21: 195–212. 10.1016/0020-7519(91)90010-5.
- Palm, H.W. (1999). Ecology of Pseudoterranova decipiens (Krabbe, 1878) (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from Antarctic waters. Parasitology Research 85: 638–646. 10.1007/s004360050608.
- Palsson, J. & Beverly-Burton, M. (1984). Helminth parasites of capelin, Mallotus villosus (Pisces: Osmeridae) of the north Atlantic. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 51: 248–254.
- Rodríguez-Marín, E., Punzón, A.&Paz, J. (1995). Feeding patterns of Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) in Flemish Pass (Northwest Atlantic). NAFO Scientific Council Studies 23: 43–54.
- Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E.F. & Maniatis, T. (1989). Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual. New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press: 2028 p.
- Sato, K., Inoue, J. & Watanabe, M. (2014). Influence of the Gulf Stream on the Barents Sea ice retreat and Eurasian coldness during early winter. Environmental Research Letters 9: 084009. 10.1088/1748-9326/9/8/084009.
- Smith, J.W. (1971). Thysanoessa inermis and T. longicaudata (Euphausiidae) as first intermediate hosts of Anisakis sp. (Nematoda: Ascaridata) in the northern North Sea, to the north of Scotland and at Faroe. Nature 234: 478. 10.1038/234478a0.
- Smith, J.W. (1983). Anisakis simplex (Rudolphi, 1809, det. Krabbe, 1878) (Nematoda: Ascaridoidea): morphology and morphometry of larvae from euphausiids and fish, and a review of the life-history and ecology. Journal of Helminthology 57: 205–224. 10.1017/S0022149X00009512.
- Smith, J.W. (1984). The abundance of Anisakis simplex L3 in the body cavity and flesh of marine teleosts. International Journal of Parasitology 14: 491–495. 10.1016/0020-7519(84)90030-4.
- Sobecka, E., Łuczak, E., Więcaszek, B. & Antoszek, A. (2011). Parasite community structure of cod from Bear Island (Barents Sea) and Pomeranian Bay (Baltic Sea). Polish Polar Research 32: 199–287. 10.2478/v10183-011-0016-6.
- Volkov, D.L., Landerer, F.W. & Kirillov, S.A. (2013). The genesis of sea level variability in the Barents Sea. Continental Shelf Research 66: 92-104. 10.1016/j.csr.2013.07.007.
- Wierzbicka, J. (1992). Parasitic fauna of Greenland halibut, Reinhardtius hippoglossoides (Walbaum, 1792) from the Barents Sea. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 22: 31–37. 10.3750/AIP1992.22.1.03.
- Zhu, X.Q., Gasser, R.B., Podolska, M. & Chilton, N.B. (1998). Characterisation of anisakid nematodes with zoonotic potential by nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences. International Journal of Parasitology 28: 1911–1921. 10.1016/S0020-7519(98)00150-7.
- Zhu, X.Q., D’Amelio, S., Paggi, L. & Gasser, R.B. (2000). Assessing sequence variation in the internal transcribed spacers of ribosomal DNA within and among members of the Contracaecum osculatum complex (Nematoda: Ascaridoidea: Anisakidae). Parasitology Research 86: 677–683. 10.1007/PL00008551.