X-ray diffraction peaks of 0 wt.%, 5 wt.%, 10 wt.%, 15 wt.% and 20 wt.% Sn doped zinc oxide.
Table 1
Variation of grain size with the increase of Sn content in Zn1-xSnxO (x = 0.00 to 0.20) [33]
| x | 2θ | FWHM | Intensity [a.u.] | Grain size [nm] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.00 | 36.2 | 0.006671 | 679.96 | 21.3270 |
| 0.05 | 36.2 | 0.005137 | 814.26 | 27.663 |
| 0.10 | 36.2 | 0.00521 | 377.49 | 25.272 |
| 0.15 | 36.2 | 0.00676 | 122.60 | 21.028 |
| 0.20 | 36.2 | 0.0080 | 71.8320 | 17.763 |
Grain size versus Sn content of ZnO nanoparticles.
Table 2
Calculation of strain, and dislocation density with an increase of Sn content in Zn1-xSnxO (x = 0.00 to 0.20).
| x | Strain (∈) | Grain size [nm] | Dislocation density (δ) [lines/m2] |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.00 | 0.001584 | 21.3270 | 0.00212 |
| 0.05 | 0.00122 | 27.663 | 0.00130 |
| 0.10 | 0.00123 | 25.272 | 0.00161 |
| 0.15 | 0.0016 | 21.028 | 0.00226 |
| 0.20 | 0.0019 | 17.763 | 0.00317 |
FESEM micrographs for different concentrations of Sn doped ZnO nanoparticles (A) 0 wt.%; (B) 5 wt.%; (C) 10 wt.%; (D) 15 wt.%; (E) 20 wt.%.
4. EDX spectra of ZnO nanoparticles doped by different concentrations of Sn (a) 0 wt.%; (b) 5 wt.%; (c) 10 wt.%; (d) 15 wt.%; (e) 20 wt.%.
Table 3
Compositional analysis of synthesized Sn doped ZnO nanoparticles at 0 wt.%, 5 wt.%, 10 wt.%, 15 wt.% and 20 wt.%.
| Element | Zno-0 [wt.%] | % Sn [at.%] | Zno -5 [wt.%] | % Sn [at.%] | ZnO-10 [wt.%] | % Sn [at.%] | ZnO-15 [wt.%] | % Sn [at.%] | ZnO-20 [wt.%] | % Sn [at.%] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zn | 74.77 | 42.04 | 75.09 | 43.86 | 82.89 | 65.63 | 57.70 | 37.93 | 39.34 | 22.21 |
| o | 25.23 | 57.96 | 23.31 | 55.62 | 9.61 | 31.10 | 20.12 | 54.04 | 29.53 | 68.12 |
| - | - | - | 1.61 | 0.52 | 7.49 | 3.27 | 22.18 | 8.03 | 31.13 | 9.68 |
| Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |