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Deciphering lead and cadmium stripping peaks for porous antimony deposited electrodes

Materials Science-Poland
Volume 34 (2016): Issue 2 (June 2016)
By:
Open Access
|Jun 2016

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1

Process flow chart for the preparation of antimony impregnated activated carbon electrode, To and Tf are the initial and final temperatures, respectively.
Process flow chart for the preparation of antimony impregnated activated carbon electrode, To and Tf are the initial and final temperatures, respectively.

Fig. 2

TPR analysis of antimony impregnated activated carbon.
TPR analysis of antimony impregnated activated carbon.

Fig. 3

XPS survey peaks, dark line – activated carbon, shaded line – AIAC.
XPS survey peaks, dark line – activated carbon, shaded line – AIAC.

Fig. 4

Deconvoluted XPS plot for the oxygen and antimony peaks for AIAC.
Deconvoluted XPS plot for the oxygen and antimony peaks for AIAC.

Fig. 5

Deconvoluted XPS peaks for antimony, top – after calcination, middle – after reduction, bottom – after deposition of Cd and Pb for 10 min.
Deconvoluted XPS peaks for antimony, top – after calcination, middle – after reduction, bottom – after deposition of Cd and Pb for 10 min.

Fig. 6

Cyclic voltammetry plot for activated carbon (shaded line ) and AIAC (dark line). Voltage step size = 4 mV/s.
Cyclic voltammetry plot for activated carbon (shaded line ) and AIAC (dark line). Voltage step size = 4 mV/s.

Fig. 7

Square wave stripping voltammetry results for activated carbon - ∆, AIAC- ▫, 100 ppb Pb2+ and Cd solution: 0.01 M HCl (pH 2), deposition at –0.1 V for 10 min at a frequency of 30 Hz, amplitude of 50 mV and a potential step of 4 mV.
Square wave stripping voltammetry results for activated carbon - ∆, AIAC- ▫, 100 ppb Pb2+ and Cd solution: 0.01 M HCl (pH 2), deposition at –0.1 V for 10 min at a frequency of 30 Hz, amplitude of 50 mV and a potential step of 4 mV.

Fig. 8

Successive deposition and anodic stripping of AIAC, (a) actual peaks, (b) peak area (⋄ - lead, ▫ – cadmium and ∆ – shoulder peak); Solution: 0.01 M HCl (pH 2), deposition at –0.1 V for 10 min at a frequency of 30 Hz, amplitude of 50 mV and a potential step of 4 mV.
Successive deposition and anodic stripping of AIAC, (a) actual peaks, (b) peak area (⋄ - lead, ▫ – cadmium and ∆ – shoulder peak); Solution: 0.01 M HCl (pH 2), deposition at –0.1 V for 10 min at a frequency of 30 Hz, amplitude of 50 mV and a potential step of 4 mV.

Fig. 9

Relation between the shoulder peak (≈–0.4 V) area and the amount of antimony present in the sample. Solution: 0.01 M HCl (pH 2), deposition at –0.1 V for 10 min at a frequency of 30 Hz, amplitude of 50 mV and a potential step of 4 mV.
Relation between the shoulder peak (≈–0.4 V) area and the amount of antimony present in the sample. Solution: 0.01 M HCl (pH 2), deposition at –0.1 V for 10 min at a frequency of 30 Hz, amplitude of 50 mV and a potential step of 4 mV.

Fig. 10

Peak area at different analytes concentrations (simulated solutions), ▫– lead, ⋄ – cadmium, ∆ – shoulder peak. Voltammograms are provided in the literature [21].
Peak area at different analytes concentrations (simulated solutions), ▫– lead, ⋄ – cadmium, ∆ – shoulder peak. Voltammograms are provided in the literature [21].
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/msp-2016-0063 | Journal eISSN: 2083-134X | Journal ISSN: 2083-1331
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Language: English
Page range: 233 - 241
Submitted on: Feb 18, 2015
Accepted on: May 1, 2016
Published on: Jun 7, 2016
Published by: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
anodic stripping voltammetry,
activated carbon,
sensor electrodes
Related subjects:
Materials sciences,
Materials sciences, other,
Nanomaterials,
Functional and smart materials,
Materials characterization and properties

© 2016 Aqeel Ahmad Taimoor, published by Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

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