References
- [1] Christopher Paul, Miriam Matthews, The Russian “Firehose of Falsehood” Propaganda Model, RAND Corporation, 2016, pp. 2-7, accessed 18 August 2017 at https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/perspectives/PE100/PE198/RAND_PE198.pdf.
- [2] Boris Toucas, Exploring the Information-Laundering Ecosystem: The Russian Case, Center for Strategic and International Studies, 31 August 2017, accessed 06 September 2017 at https://medium.com/center-for-strategic-and-international-studies/exploring-theinformation-laundering-ecosystem-the-russian-case-58391ed8dafc.
- [3] According to stopfake.org, In January 2016, a 16-year-old girl of Russian origin, from Berlin, returned home from school only the following day. Her family claimed her daughter had been raped by three men from the Middle East. Following police investigations, it was found that the girl slept at night at her 19-year-old boyfriend, and had no sexual intercourse with him. The Russian press viralized the case, and Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov accused the German political leadership of hiding the case. More information available here: http://www.stopfake.org/en/lisa-2-0-how-prokremlin-media-in-germany-have-been-using-a-new-fake-to-justify-an-old-one/.
- [4] Boris Toucas, op.cit., accessed 06 September 2017 at https://medium.com/center-forstrategic-and-international-studies/exploring-the-information-laundering-ecosystem-therussian-case-58391ed8dafc.
- [5] Diana Khachatryan, Как стать тролльхантером/How to become a trollhunter, Novaya Gazeta, 10 March 2015, accessed 27 July 2017 at
- https://www.novayagazeta.ru/articles/2015/03/10/63342-kak-stat-trollhanterom.
- [6] AFP, Tour d'horizon des mouvements d'extrême droite en Europe, La Libre, 25 September 2017, accessed 26 September 2017 at http://www.lalibre.be/actu/international/tour-dhorizon-des-mouvements-d-extreme-droite-en-europe-59c8fafccd70129e418c9ce0.
- [7] GLOBSEC Trends 2017, Mixed Messages and Signs of Hope from Central & Eastern Europe, GLOBSEC Policy Institute, May 2017, accessed 21 June 2017 at https://www.globsec.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/globsec_trends_2017.pdf.