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        <title>International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION Feed</title>
        <link>https://sciendo.com/journal/KBO</link>
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            <title>International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION Feed</title>
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            <link>https://sciendo.com/journal/KBO</link>
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        <copyright>All rights reserved 2026, Nicolae Balcescu Land Forces Academy</copyright>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Study for a 122 mm Artillery Rocket Steered with Lateral Thrusters]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0084</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0084</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The article analyses how lateral correction thrusters can reduce impact point dispersion for a 122 mm artillery rocket. The rocket is assumed to be equipped with a control unit consisting of 36 solid propellant lateral thrusters. A six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) mathematical model of the rocket’s external ballistics was employed to study the effects of various parameters on accuracy across different launch elevation angles. The findings indicate that implementing control algorithms significantly improves the rocket’s accuracy by decreasing the dispersion of the impact points. A key observation from the initial qualitative evaluation is the importance of timing in the activation of the thrusters. Specifically, the results suggest that the lateral thrusters should be triggered shortly after the solid rocket motor finishes its burn phase. This early activation appears crucial to maximizing the effectiveness of the trajectory corrections. Overall, the study demonstrates the potential of integrated control systems to enhance the precision of unguided artillery rockets through real-time trajectory adjustments.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Aspects of Ballistic Panels Made of Unidirectional Aramid Fabrics, Tested Against 9 mm FMJ Projectile]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0087</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0087</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This paper presents aspects of designing personal armors against ballistic attacks. The study presents tests on relatively new materials on the protective system market. There are pointed out aspects of experimental results. This type of study could reduce design and testing costs and time for the development of new protection systems through numerical simulations and preliminary tests loops. Because of the complexity of materials involved in fabricating ballistic armors or panels, but also because of the complexity of processes that occur at very high speeds, the tests to evaluate ballistic protective systems are very diversified in the laboratory, but they all end with tests on the finished product, under very close conditions of use. By carrying out a loop procedure of developing individual protective systems, the results obtained can be applied by end-users, economic and governmental organizations, which by the nature of their activities, require high-performance, lightweight and cost-effective ballistic protection systems.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[An Elementary Method of Determining Hamiltonian Paths in Oriented Graphs that Admit Circuits]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0076</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0076</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Determining Hamiltonian paths in oriented graphs that do not support circuits is a simple matter. However, to determine Hamiltonian paths in oriented graphs that admit circuits, things are more complicated. One approach in this regard is the Ford-Fulkerson method, which proves ineffective when we have only one equivalence class, and the only method that generally works is the Latin matrix method in which the concatenation operation is used. In this study, another way of determining the Hamiltonian paths is proposed, which is based on elementary operations and which uses, with certain limitations, the operations from Y. Chen’s algorithm for the transition from the capacitive connected matrix to the paths matrix.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[SDR System for Real-Time FHSS Communications Detection and Jamming]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0093</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0093</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This study presents the development of a software-defined radio (SDR) system for automatically detecting frequency-hopping signals and generating targeted jamming on them. The system is set up on the GNU Radio platform, using an ADALM-Pluto transceiver and custom function blocks in Python. This includes an adaptive threshold detector designed to analyze noise level dynamics and trigger automated responses. Real-time detection of active frequencies allows for precise initiation of RF jamming sequences, making the solution effective in situations where a quick reaction is necessary. Validation was achieved through a series of laboratory tests using both simulated signals and real transmissions with frequency hopping rates of up to 1000 frequency hops per second. The experimental results show that the system reliably identifies spectral activity and can apply coherent and localized jamming in the vicinity of the directional antenna. The results show that the system can be used to monitor radio frequencies and to create electronic countermeasures (ECM) against frequency agile communications.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Drones – A Credible Enabler Challenging the Hegemony of Artillery in Current and Future Conflicts]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0085</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0085</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This article explores how unmanned aerial systems (UAVs) are reshaping the tactical and strategic dynamics of modern warfare by evaluating their potential to rival traditional artillery in medium- and high-intensity conflicts. Using a mixed-method approach and comparative analysis of recent conflicts, it introduces a framework to assess UAVs against conventional artillery based on criteria like accuracy, cost-efficiency, mobility, survivability, and integration within the kill chain. The research reveals a growing doctrinal alignment between UAVs and artillery, suggesting not a full replacement, but a redefined role for artillery within multi-domain operations. It also examines the key vulnerabilities of UAVs in electronically contested environments and analyzes the logistical and doctrinal challenges of shifting toward a force structure centered on autonomous and semi-autonomous systems. Overall, the study supports an integrated vision of future warfare, underlining the urgent need for institutional and doctrinal adaptation to keep pace with rapid technological advancements in the military sphere.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[An Algorithm for Small Aircraft Recognition by Unmanned Air Vehicle Imagery]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0083</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0083</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The development of technology has made it possible to use images captured by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to recognize objects on the Earth’s surface, including aircraft. The high resolution of UAV images allows the implementation of significantly simpler algorithms than those using deep learning and neural networks. The paper proposes an algorithm for small aircraft recognition based on matching with reference images of aircraft (templates). The algorithm consists of three stages. At the first stage pre-filtering of the images is carried out in order to achieve better distinction between aircraft and background. On the second stage a morphological image processing and image segmentation are applied. On the third stage a correlation processing is used to compare the detected segments potentially containing an aircraft with the templates. In all studied cases the aircraft were successfully recognized and there wasn’t any false recognition.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Role of CBRN Warning and Reporting Structures – The Functional Domain of CBRN Information Management in Operations]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0086</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0086</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Some of the major crises have been shaped by the use or the threat of use of CBRN weapons of mass destruction (CBRN WMD), weapons that have posed serious problems both for the safety of the population, territories and forces of NATO member countries and for international security.
The threat of using CBRN WMD can have a negative psychological effect, and if we add to this the possible accidents at nuclear and chemical risk targets, terrorism, ecological catastrophes, the result is a terrifying specter, which forces us to be circumspect and realistic, but also to plan and organize adequate measures to maintain troops at a high level of training and equipment for the purpose of defending against these threats in conflict or crisis conditions.
The ability of commanders to react to CBRN incidents in an efficient and safe manner depends on their ability to obtain clear CBRN information. This information is collected, evaluated, analysed and disseminated within the CBRN Surveillance, Warning and Reporting System (CBRN SWRS).
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Artillery in the Digital Era: The Evolution of Artillery Command and Control In Networked Warfare]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0075</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0075</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The transformation of modern warfare—driven by rapid technological advancement, evolving threats, and intensified competition among major powers—has elevated the strategic relevance of artillery in contemporary conflict. No longer limited to traditional indirect fire roles, artillery is now integrated as a digital system of systems within multi-domain operations. This article explores the evolution of Artillery Fire Control Systems (AFCS) and their central role in modern fire support. It highlights how digital transformation and tactical networking have enhanced the precision, responsiveness, and interoperability of artillery units. AFCS now serve as vital components in accelerating the Observe–Orient–Decide–Act (OODA) loop, enabling synchronized operations across reconnaissance, command, and maneuver elements. Emphasis is placed on how these systems address operational challenges posed by contested environments—such as electronic warfare and degraded communications. The article offers a comprehensive analysis of the doctrinal, technological, and operational imperatives shaping artillery fire command and control, underscoring its critical contribution to the future of land-based military operations.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Prospects of Troposcatter Systems in Military Communication Networks]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0090</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0090</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

In modern military operations, ensuring resilient and secure communications in contested or infrastructure-deficient environments remains a strategic priority. Tropospheric scatter systems (troposcatter) are regaining attention due to their ability to provide beyond-line-of-sight (BLOS) connectivity without relying on satellites or terrestrial infrastructure. This paper explores the role of troposcatter systems in military communication networks, presents the current capabilities of troposcatter systems and provides insights into advancements of this technology such as adaptive beamforming and Multiple Input Multiple Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (MIMO-OFDM) architectures. Building on these insights, the research investigates the use of Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) modulation for tropospheric communications. Preliminary simulations conducted under severe multipath conditions demonstrate that OTFS outperforms traditional OFDM, offering improved signal integrity, reduced error vector magnitude, and greater spectral efficiency. These results suggest that OTFS-enabled troposcatter systems could enhance the current performance of military communication networks, particularly in interference-prone environments.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Aspects of Ballistic Panels Made of Endumax XF33, Tested Against Different Projectiles]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0089</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0089</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This paper presents an experimental study for hard plates made of Endumax XF33– a UHMWPE ultra high molecular weight polyethylene. There are tested two plates with 68 layers and 135 layers, respectively. The objective of this research was to test different ammunitions (9x19 mm parabellum FMJ lead core, .44 magnum SJSP, 7.62x39 FMJ, 7.62x51 FMJ), and to investigate how the obtained values of BFD are positioned in relation to the limit of 44 mm, mentioned in Ballistic Resistance of Personal Body Armor NIJ Standard–0101.07. The projectile 7.62x39 produced a closer BFD to 44 mm (43 mm). For this threat, the author recommendations are to have a larger statistical population resulted from more numerous hits and or to add layer to this initial plate of 135 layers of Endumax XF33.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[On the Calculus of the Natural Frequencies of Functionally Graded Plates by Using the Concepts of Multilayer and Equivalent Material]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0074</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0074</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Functionally graded materials represent a relatively new class of materials, which can be attributed to the broad category of composite materials. The specificity of functionally graded materials consists in the fact that in one of the directions (usually the smallest in a given body) the elastic, physical, mechanical, electrical, etc. constants vary according to a continuous and monotonic function, between two values assigned to the two materials, which are the basis for the realization of the functionally graded material. The paper presents a method for calculating the natural frequencies of functionally graded plates using two concepts of approaching the calculation of structures made of functionally graded materials, multilayer material and equivalent material. With the help of these concepts, the shapes and natural frequencies of a plate can be determined, using the theoretical foundations of plates made of homogeneous and isotropic materials.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Operational Benefits of Functional and Structural Optimization of First Person View UAVS in the Romanian Armed Forces]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0079</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0079</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The modernization of Romania’s military capabilities requires the adoption of technological solutions that can effectively address the demands of contemporary operational environments. This study analyses the functional and structural optimization of a First Person View (FPV) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), emphasizing its potential in tactical missions, reconnaissance, and operational support. The core research question focuses on how such a platform can enhance operational efficiency and reduce logistical footprint.
Using a qualitative methodology based on documentary analysis and functional modelling, the study proposes a UAV architecture tailored to the current requirements of the battlefield. Results highlight significant advantages in terms of mobility, decision-making speed, and tactical integration. The paper concludes with a set of recommendations for integrating FPV systems into Romania’s military structures as a strategic element in defence capability transformation.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Research on the Determination of the Roughness of Some Sintered Metallic Materials]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0095</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0095</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The purpose of this work is to determine the roughness and interpret the results obtained after applying surface treatments with optical radiation pulses (ORP) on sintered metal powder parts, using gas discharge lamps (GDL). In the field of machine construction and industry, depending on the functional role of the components, rapid and ultra-rapid local heating treatments can be applied, with speeds of over 103 m/s, with concentrated energy sources (photon beams, electron beams, plasma, incoherent optical radiation pulses). These treatments improve the roughness, hardness, and wear resistance characteristics of the surface layer on thicknesses ranging from millimeters to microns. The research method consisted of experimental investigation, which involved designing an experimental program corresponding to the following stages: establishing the objectives; choosing the material of the parts; establishing the experimental device; carrying out the treatment; measuring the roughness results and interpreting them. For research, a type of rocker arm support type parts was chosen, with a composition that is part of the iron-graphite-copper system, having a content of 0.72% C which lends itself to microstructural transformations in the surface layer of the parts. The roughness values obtained confirm the potential of GDL to achieve superficial structural modifications.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Quantum Batteries Based on Metastable Molecules]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0081</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0081</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Quantum batteries (QB) are still experimental, but their potential to revolutionize energy storage is immense. This work provides a thorough physical explanation and investigation into the possible practical realization of energy storage. The core idea is to use metastable molecules and the rules of forbidden transitions to store energy in the excited state for an extended period. Metastable states are unique because they allow systems to remain in non-equilibrium conditions for extended periods before transitioning to stable states. Metastability also offers protection against dissipation and decoherence; however, its application in QB remains largely unexplored. The potential of the “Pentacene 5b and 5c” molecules has been explored as a practical realization of QB.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Suspension Bridges Important Component Of Military Mobility]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0072</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0072</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Suspension bridges, as part of a land communication, are works of art that occupy a special place in the overall construction of bridges at national and international levels. Appeared and developed as a necessity to cross large obstacles (rivers, large lakes, sea straits), they cover very large openings, which reach impressive lengths, of the order of kilometres. The structural system of suspension bridges ensures appreciable navigation dimensions both in terms of height and width. Viewed from the perspective of the construction materials used, suspension bridges can be placed in the category of massive bridges, being large-scale structures that use a combination of concrete and steel. This combination of materials gives them a special aesthetic appearance, along with increased flexibility and resistance to mechanical and dynamic loads, thus ensuring the durability and stability necessary to support intense traffic and variable loads. All these particularities presented above highlight the importance of suspension bridges for achieving the military mobility in operations, both on land, by ensuring connectivity between points located at great distances from each other, and for achieving the river/maritime one, by ensuring a navigation gauge, under the large bridge.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Adding Atmospheric Turbulence to a Mathematical Model of an Aircraft]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0080</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0080</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Regardless of the design, all types of aircraft are affected by atmospheric turbulence and air currents. Depending on the size, type and altitude of the flight, atmospheric disturbances affect them differently. The same disturbance acting on an unmanned aerial vehicle flying at high altitude, for example, a Predator UAV, and on a quadcopter flying a few meters above the ground, will have in the first case minimal or no impact on the flight parameters, and hence on the correct performance of the task, while in the case of a quadcopter it can even lead to a collision with the ground or a nearby obstacle (building, tree, etc.).
The article examines the types of translational and turbulent atmospheric disturbances. The reasons for their occurrence are described. The article uses a mathematical model of an aircraft with six degrees of freedom. To create it, Euler’s standard differential equations for the change in the amount of momentum and the theorem for the change in angular momentum were used. It is examined in detail how atmospheric disturbances should be added to the differential equations describing the aircraft. It is studied how wind gusts are converted into forces that affect the flight parameters. Depending on the type and size of the aircraft, these forces are of different magnitude and have different effects on the behavior of the aircraft in flight.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Impact of Microplastics and Nanoplastics on Human Health: A Follow-Up Study Focusing on Endocrine, Nervous, and Immune Systems]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0092</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0092</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Plastic production has surged over recent years, leading to widespread environmental contamination by microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs). These particles, due to their small size and persistence, can enter the human body via ingestion, inhalation, or dermal contact and have been detected in various organs including the lungs, liver, bloodstream, and even cerebrospinal fluid. This study examines the impact of microplastics and nanoplastics (M-NPLs) on three critical physiological systems: the endocrine, nervous, and immune systems. Despite the essential roles these systems play in human health, their vulnerability to M-NPLs remains underexplored. This paper reviews exposure pathways, translocation mechanisms, and how MPs/NPs interact with these systems to induce hormonal disruption, neuroinflammation, and immune dysregulation. Given their ability to cross biological barriers, M-NPLs may pose significant systemic health risks. However, current limitations in detection methods and the lack of long-term human data hinder accurate risk assessment. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted research to better understand the systemic toxicity of M-NPLs.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Analysis of Cybersecurity Training Platforms and Simulation Environments and Opportunities for Their Integration Into Higher Education]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0094</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0094</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Cybersecurity training is gaining key importance in the context of growing threats in cyberspace. Educational institutions are looking for effective methods for providing theoretical and practical knowledge in cybersecurity. This report examines the challenges universities face in building educational programs and highlights the importance of popular platforms that can be integrated into bachelor’s and master’s programs. Attention is drawn to the need for cooperation between the academic community, business and government institutions to build a comprehensive strategy for the development of cyber competencies in higher education.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Use of Simulation for Training and Improving Ships Maintenance Performance]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0091</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0091</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The research proposes the use of a simulation tool originally designed for the training of seafarers, which later, by improving the mathematical model for a better simulated environment (ships and equipment’s), can reproduce the behaviour of real systems in case of failure, damage, or reduction of performance parameters. Additionally, this simulation tool proposes the analysis of maintenance management on all its components, starting from the training of human resources, the development and testing of work procedures and the analysis of failure modes and the effects on equipment’s or to the entire system. To use technological ship simulators for improving maintenance management onboard, a framework is developed and validated using a simulated model from a real accident scenario. Finally, some limitations and further direction of the research are presented.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Investigation of the Causes of Malfunctions of AI-25TL Gas Turbine Engine]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0077</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/kbo-2025-0077</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The article analyzes the causes of malfunctions of the AI-25TL gas turbine engine based on statistical materials from its maintenance in the Bulgarian Air Force. The creation of perfect and highly economical aviation engines is inevitably associated with maintaining operating modes close to the limits of stability and strength with an optimal combination of many parameters. The complexity of fulfilling these conditions comes from the need to ensure high efficiency and reliability of aviation engines in a wide range of altitudes and flight speeds, while maintaining their operational characteristics and operating modes. Ensuring high reliability of aviation engines in the process of operation is a complex task, which arises from the diversity of factors affecting reliability, the accounting of which is often difficult due to their random nature. In this regard, in the process of operation of the AI-25TL gas turbine engine, significant attention is paid to studying the causes of the occurrence, development and possible consequences of specific malfunctions.
]]></description>
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