The therapeutic agents that target ATP-sensitive potassium channels

Rubaiy, Hussein N.

doi:10.1515/acph-2016-0006

Abstract

ATP-sensitive potassium (K_ATP) channels are a major drug target for the treatment of type-2 diabetes. K_ATP channels are ubiquitously expressed and link the metabolic state to electrical excitability. In pancreatic β-cells, K_ATP channels are crucial in the regulation of glucose-induced insulin secretion. Also, K_ATP channels are involved in the protection against neuronal seizures and ischaemic stress in the heart, brain and in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle tone. Functional K_ATP channels are hetero-octamers composed of two subunits, a pore forming Kir6, which is a member of the inwardly rectifying potassium channels family, and a regulatory sulphonylurea receptor (SUR). In response to nucleotides and pharmaceutical agonists and antagonists, SUR allosterically regulates channel gating. The allosteric communication pathways between these two heterologus proteins in K_ATP channels are still poorly understood. This review will highlight the therapeutic agents that target K_ATP channels and are used to treat diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

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The therapeutic agents that target ATP-sensitive potassium channels

Abstract

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