Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Aspirin in the Modern Era of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Cover

Aspirin in the Modern Era of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention

Open Access
|Sep 2021

References

  1. Fuster V, Sweeny Joseph M. Aspirin: a historical and contemporary therapeutic overview. 2011 Feb 22;123(7):76878. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.963843
  2. Jeffreys D. Aspirin: The Remarkable Story of a Wonder Drug. New York, NY: Bloomsbury Publishing Inc.; 2004. 352 p.
  3. Collaborative overview of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy—I: Prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke by prolonged antiplatelet therapy in various categories of patients. Antiplatelet Trialists’ Collaboration. BMJ. 1994 Jan 8;308(6921):81106.
  4. Baigent C, Blackwell L, Collins R, et al. Antithrombotic Trialists’ (ATT) Collaboration. Aspirin in the primary and secondary prevention of vascular disease: collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised trials. Lancet. 2009 May 30;373(9678):184960. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60503-1
  5. Jacobsen AP, Raber I, McCarthy CP, et al. Lifelong Aspirin for All in the Secondary Prevention of Chronic Coronary Syndrome: Still Sacrosanct or Is Reappraisal Warranted? Circulation. 2020 Oct 20;142(16):157990. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.045695
  6. Antiplatelet Trialists’ Collaboration. Secondary prevention of vascular disease by prolonged antiplatelet treatment. Antiplatelet Trialists’ Collaboration. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1988; 296(6618):320331.
  7. Antithrombotic Trialists Collaboration. Collaborative meta-analysis of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy for prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in high risk patients. BMJ. 2002 Jan 12;324(7329):7186. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.324.7329.71
  8. CAPRIE Steering Committee. A randomised, blinded, trial of clopidogrel versus aspirin in patients at risk of ischaemic events (CAPRIE). Lancet. 1996 Nov 16;348(9038):132939. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)09457-3
  9. Cao D, Chandiramani R, Chiarito M, Claessen BE, Mehran R. Evolution of antithrombotic therapy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a 40-year journey. Eur Heart J. 2021 Jan 21;42(4):33951. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa824
  10. Généreux P, Giustino G, Witzenbichler B, et al. Incidence, Predictors, and Impact of Post-Discharge Bleeding After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015 Sep 1;66(9):103645. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.06.1323
  11. Kogame N, Guimarães Patricia O, Modolo R, et al. Aspirin-Free Prasugrel Monotherapy Following Coronary Artery Stenting in Patients With Stable CAD. JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions. 2020; 13(19):22512262. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2020.06.023
  12. Knuuti J, Wijns W, Saraste A, et al.; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J. 2020 Jan 14;41(3):407477. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz425
  13. Giacoppo D, Matsuda Y, Fovino LN, et al. Short dual antiplatelet therapy followed by P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy vs. prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention with second-generation drug-eluting stents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Eur Heart J. 2021 Jan 21;42(4):308319. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa739
  14. O’Donoghue ML, Murphy SA, Sabatine MS. The Safety and Efficacy of Aspirin Discontinuation on a Background of a P2Y 12 Inhibitor in Patients After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Circulation. 2020 Aug 11;142(6):53845. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046251
  15. Kumbhani DJ, Cannon CP, Beavers CJ, et al. 2020 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway for Anticoagulant and Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation or Venous Thromboembolism Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention or With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021 Feb 9;77(5):62958. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.09.011
  16. Hindricks G, Potpara T, Dagres N, et al. 2020 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). Eur Heart J. 2021 Feb 1;42(5):373498. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa612
  17. Raber I, McCarthy CP, Vaduganathan M, et al. The rise and fall of aspirin in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. 2019 May 25;393(10186):215567. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30541-0
  18. Levine GN, Bates ER, Bittl JA, et al. 2016 ACC/AHA Guideline Focused Update on Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines: An Update of the 2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guideline for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, 2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery, 2012 ACC/AHA/ACP/AATS/PCNA/SCAI/STS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Stable Ischemic Heart Disease, 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction, 2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes, and 2014 ACC/AHA Guideline on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation and Management of Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery. Circulation. 2016 Sep 6;134(10):e12355. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000404
  19. Peto R, Gray R, Collins R, et al. Randomised trial of prophylactic daily aspirin in British male doctors. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1988 Jan 30;296(6618):3136. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.296.6618.313
  20. Steering Committee of the Physicians’ Health Study Research Group. Final report on the aspirin component of the ongoing Physicians’ Health Study. N Engl J Med. 1989 Jul 20;321(3):12935. DOI: 10.1056/NEJM198907203210301
  21. Thrombosis prevention trial: randomised trial of low-intensity oral anticoagulation with warfarin and low-dose aspirin in the primary prevention of ischaemic heart disease in men at increased risk. The Medical Research Council’s General Practice Research Framework. Lancet. 1998 Jan 24;351(9098):23341.
  22. Hansson L, Zanchetti A, Carruthers SG, et al. Effects of intensive blood-pressure lowering and low-dose aspirin in patients with hypertension: principal results of the Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) randomised trial. HOT Study Group. Lancet. 1998 Jun 13;351(9118):175562. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)04311-6
  23. de Gaetano G, Collaborative Group of the Primary Prevention Project. Low-dose aspirin and vitamin E in people at cardiovascular risk: a randomised trial in general practice. Collaborative Group of the Primary Prevention Project. Lancet. 2001 Jan 13;357(9250):8995. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)03539-X
  24. Ridker PM, Cook NR, Lee IM, et al. A randomized trial of low-dose aspirin in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in women. N Engl J Med. 2005 Mar 31;352(13):1293304. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa050613
  25. Belch J, MacCuish A, Campbell I, et al. The prevention of progression of arterial disease and diabetes (POPADAD) trial: factorial randomised placebo controlled trial of aspirin and antioxidants in patients with diabetes and asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease. BMJ. 2008 Oct 16;337:a1840. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.a1840
  26. Ogawa H, Nakayama M, Morimoto T, et al. Low-dose aspirin for primary prevention of atherosclerotic events in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2008 Nov 12;300(18):213441. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2008.623
  27. Fowkes FGR, Price JF, Stewart MCW, et al. Aspirin for Asymptomatic Atherosclerosis Trialists. Aspirin for prevention of cardiovascular events in a general population screened for a low ankle brachial index: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2010 Mar 3;303(9):8418. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2010.221
  28. Ikeda Y, Shimada K, Teramoto T, et al. Low-dose aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular events in Japanese patients 60 years or older with atherosclerotic risk factors: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2014 Dec 17;312(23):251020. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2014.15690
  29. Guirguis-Blake JM, Evans CV, Senger CA, O’Connor EA, Whitlock EP. Aspirin for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events: A Systematic Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. 2016 Jun 21;164(12):80413. DOI: 10.7326/M15-2113
  30. Mora S, Manson JE. Aspirin for Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment. JAMA Intern Med. 2016 Aug 1;176(8):1195204. DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.2648
  31. Gaziano JM, Brotons C, Coppolecchia R, et al. ARRIVE Executive Committee. Use of aspirin to reduce risk of initial vascular events in patients at moderate risk of cardiovascular disease (ARRIVE): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2018 Sep 22;392(10152):103646. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31924-X
  32. Bowman L, Mafham M, Wallendszus K, et al.; ASCEND Study Collaborative Group. Effects of Aspirin for Primary Prevention in Persons with Diabetes Mellitus. N Engl J Med. 2018 Oct 18;379(16):152939. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1804988
  33. McNeil JJ, Wolfe R, Woods RL, et al. ASPREE Investigator Group. Effect of Aspirin on Cardiovascular Events and Bleeding in the Healthy Elderly. N Engl J Med. 2018 Oct 18;379(16):15091518. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1805819
  34. Yusuf S, Joseph P, Dans A, et al. International Polycap Study 3 Investigators. Polypill with or without Aspirin in Persons without Cardiovascular Disease. N Engl J Med. 2021 Jan 21;384(3):216228. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2028220
  35. Woods RL, Espinoza S, Thao LTP, et al. ASPREE Investigator Group. Effect of Aspirin on Activities of Daily Living Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2020 Dec 26; glaa316. DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa316
  36. Arnett DK, Blumenthal RS, Albert MA, et al. 2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2019 Mar 17;140(11):e596e646. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000678
  37. Ridker PM. Should Aspirin Be Used for Primary Prevention in the Post-Statin Era? N Engl J Med. 2018 Oct 18;379(16):15721574. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMe1812000
  38. Dasa O, Pepine CJ, Pearson TA. Aspirin in Primary Prevention: What Changed? A Critical Appraisal of Current Evidence. Am J Cardiol. 2021 Feb 15;141:3848. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.11.014
  39. Fernandes A, McEvoy JW, Halvorsen S. “Doctor, Should I Keep Taking an Aspirin a Day?”. N Engl J Med. 2019 May 16;380(20):19671970. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMclde1903004
  40. Lloyd-Jones DM, Braun LT, Ndumele CE, et al. Use of Risk Assessment Tools to Guide Decision-Making in the Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Special Report From the American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology. Circulation. 2019 Jun 18;139(25):e1162e1177. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000638
  41. DeFilippis AP, Young R, Carrubba CJ, et al. An analysis of calibration and discrimination among multiple cardiovascular risk scores in a modern multiethnic cohort. Ann Intern Med. 2015 Feb 17;162(4):26675. DOI: 10.7326/M14-1281
  42. Grundy SM, Stone NJ, Bailey AL, et al. 2018 AHA/ACC/AACVPR/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline on the Management of Blood Cholesterol: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2019 Jun 18;139(25):e1082e1143. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000625
  43. Cainzos-Achirica M, Miedema MD, McEvoy JW, et al. Coronary Artery Calcium for Personalized Allocation of Aspirin in Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in 2019: The MESA Study (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis). Circulation. 2020 May 12;141(19):154153. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.045010
  44. Ajufo E, Ayers CR, Vigen R, et al. Value of Coronary Artery Calcium Scanning in Association With the Net Benefit of Aspirin in Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. JAMA Cardiol. 2021 Feb 1;6(2):17987. DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.4939
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14797/mdcvj.293 | Journal eISSN: 1947-6108
Language: English
Page range: 36 - 47
Submitted on: Feb 27, 2021
Accepted on: Apr 18, 2021
Published on: Sep 24, 2021
Published by: Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2021 Ella Murphy, James M. G. Curneen, John W. McEvoy, published by Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License.