Myocardial Recovery versus Myocardial Regeneration: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Modulation

John P. Cooke; Keith A. Youker; Li Lai

doi:10.14797/mdcvj.1400

Myocardial Recovery versus Myocardial Regeneration: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Modulation

Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal

Volume 20 (2024): Issue 4

By: John P. Cooke , Keith A. Youker and Li Lai

Open Access

|Aug 2024

Abstract

Myocardial recovery is characterized by a return toward normal structure and function of the heart after an injury. Mechanisms of myocardial recovery include restoration and/or adaptation of myocyte structure and function, mitochondrial activity and number, metabolic homeostasis, electrophysiological stability, extracellular matrix remodeling, and myocardial perfusion. Myocardial regeneration is an element of myocardial recovery that involves the generation of new myocardial tissue, a process which is limited in adult humans but may be therapeutically augmented. Understanding the mechanisms of myocardial recovery and myocardial regeneration will lead to novel therapies for heart failure.

References

Kim GH, Uriel N, Burkhoff D. Reverse remodelling and myocardial recovery in heart failure. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2018 Feb;15(2):83-96. doi: 10.1038/nrcardio.2017.139
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
O’Gara PT, Kushner FG, Ascheim DD, et al.; American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice G. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013 Jan 29;127(4):e362-425. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e3182742cf6
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Correction to: 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2023 Apr 4;147(14):e674. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000001142
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mann DL, Barger PM, Burkhoff D. Myocardial recovery and the failing heart: myth, magic, or molecular target? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012 Dec 18;60(24):2465-72. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.06.062
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Broughton KM, Wang BJ, Firouzi F, et al. Mechanisms of Cardiac Repair and Regeneration. Circ Res. 2018 Apr 13;122(8):1151-1163. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.312586
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Uygur A, Lee RT. Mechanisms of Cardiac Regeneration. Dev Cell. 2016 Feb 22;36(4):362-74. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2016.01.018
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lyu Y, Verma VK, Lee Y, et al. Remodeling of t-system and proteins underlying excitation-contraction coupling in aging versus failing human heart. NPJ Aging Mech Dis. 2021 May 28;7(1):16. doi: 10.1038/s41514-021-00066-7
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Miranda-Silva D, P GR, Alves E, et al. Mitochondrial Reversible Changes Determine Diastolic Function Adaptations During Myocardial (Reverse) Remodeling. Circ Heart Fail. 2020 Nov;13(11):e006170. doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.119.006170
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Jiang M, Xie X, Cao F, Wang Y. Mitochondrial Metabolism in Myocardial Remodeling and Mechanical Unloading: Implications for Ischemic Heart Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2021 Dec 9:8:789267. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.789267
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Brown DA, Perry JB, Allen ME, et al. Expert consensus document: Mitochondrial function as a therapeutic target in heart failure. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2017 Apr;14(4):238-250. doi: 10.1038/nrcardio.2016.203
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lopaschuk GD, Karwi QG, Tian R, Wende AR, Abel ED. Cardiac Energy Metabolism in Heart Failure. Circ Res. 2021 May 14;128(10):1487-1513. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.121.318241
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Monteiro LM, Vasques-Novoa F, Ferreira L, Pinto-do-Ó P, Nascimento DS. Restoring heart function and electrical integrity: closing the circuit. NPJ Regen Med. 2017 Apr 7:2:9. doi: 10.1038/s41536-017-0015-2
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Frangogiannis NG. The extracellular matrix in myocardial injury, repair, and remodeling. J Clin Invest. 2017 May 1;127(5):1600-1612. doi: 10.1172/JCI87491
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Packer M. SGLT2 inhibitors: role in protective reprogramming of cardiac nutrient transport and metabolism. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2023 Jul;20(7):443-462. doi: 10.1038/s41569-022-00824-4
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Aurora AB, Porrello ER, Tan W, et al. Macrophages are required for neonatal heart regeneration. J Clin Invest. 2014 Mar;124(3):1382-92. doi: 10.1172/JCI72181
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Penn MS, Dong F, Klein S, Mayorga ME. Stem cells for myocardial regeneration. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Oct;90(4):499-501. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2011.196
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gao L, Kupfer ME, Jung JP, et al. Myocardial Tissue Engineering With Cells Derived From Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and a Native-Like, High-Resolution, 3-Dimensionally Printed Scaffold. Circ Res. 2017 Apr 14;120(8):1318-1325. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Parsa H, Ronaldson K, Vunjak-Novakovic G. Bioengineering methods for myocardial regeneration. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2016 Jan 15:96:195-202. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.06.012
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Benjamin EJ, Blaha MJ, Chiuve SE, et al.; American Heart Association Statistics C and Stroke Statistics S. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2017 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2017 Mar 7;135(10):e146-e603. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000485
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Pitt B, Bhatt DL, Metra M. Does SGLT1 inhibition add to the benefits of SGLT2 inhibition in the prevention and treatment of heart failure? Eur Heart J. 2022 Dec 1;43(45):4754-4757. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac417
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Morris AA, Khazanie P, Drazner MH, et al.; American Heart Association Heart F, Transplantation Committee of the Council on Clinical C, Council on Arteriosclerosis T, Vascular B, Council on Cardiovascular R, Intervention and Council on H. Guidance for Timely and Appropriate Referral of Patients With Advanced Heart Failure: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2021 Oct 12;144(15):e238-e250. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000001016
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bounader K, Flécher E. End-stage heart failure: The future of heart transplant and artificial heart. Presse Med. 2024 Mar;53(1):104191. doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2023.104191
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Levine A, Gupta CA, Gass A. Advanced Heart Failure Management and Transplantation. Cardiol Clin. 2019 Feb;37(1):105-111. doi: 10.1016/j.ccl.2018.08.007
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Birks EJ, Tansley PD, Hardy J, et al. Left ventricular assist device and drug therapy for the reversal of heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2006 Nov 2;355(18):1873-84. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa053063
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kirklin JK, Naftel DC, Pagani FD, et al. Long-term mechanical circulatory support (destination therapy): on track to compete with heart transplantation? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2012 Sep;144(3):584-603; discussion 597-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2012.05.044
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Maybaum S, Mancini D, Xydas S, et al. Cardiac improvement during mechanical circulatory support: a prospective multicenter study of the LVAD Working Group. Circulation. 2007 May 15;115(19):2497-505. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.633180
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kyriakopoulos CP, Kapelios CJ, Stauder EL, et al. LVAD as a Bridge to Remission from Advanced Heart Failure: Current Data and Opportunities for Improvement. J Clin Med. 2022 Jun 20;11(12):3542. doi: 10.3390/jcm11123542
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Jakovljevic DG, Yacoub MH, Schueler S, et al. Left Ventricular Assist Device as a Bridge to Recovery for Patients With Advanced Heart Failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017 Apr 18;69(15):1924-1933. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.02.018
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Faerber G, Doenst T. Ventricular assist device-promoted recovery and technical aspects of explant. JTCVS Tech. 2021 Feb 24:7:182-188. doi: 10.1016/j.xjtc.2021.02.023
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Birks EJ, Drakos SG, Patel SR, et al. Prospective Multicenter Study of Myocardial Recovery Using Left Ventricular Assist Devices (RESTAGE-HF [Remission from Stage D Heart Failure]): Medium-Term and Primary End Point Results. Circulation. 2020 Nov 24;142(21):2016-2028. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046415
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Drakos SG, Badolia R, Makaju A, et al. Distinct Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profile Specifies Patients Who Have Heart Failure With Potential of Myocardial Recovery on Mechanical Unloading and Circulatory Support. Circulation. 2023 Jan 31;147(5):409-424. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.056600
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Amrute JM, Lai L, Ma P, et al. Defining cardiac functional recovery in end-stage heart failure at single-cell resolution. Nat Cardiovasc Res. 2023 Apr;2(4):399-416. doi: 10.1038/s44161-023-00260-8
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wang G, Cruz AS, Youker K, et al. Role of Endothelial and Mesenchymal Cell Transitions in Heart Failure and Recovery Thereafter. Front Genet. 2021 Jan 15:11:609262. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2020.609262
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Houser SR, Margulies KB, Murphy AM, et al.; American Heart Association Council on Basic Cardiovascular Sciences CoCC, Council on Functional G and Translational B. Animal models of heart failure: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circ Res. 2012 Jun 22;111(1):131-50. doi: 10.1161/RES.0b013e3182582523
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wever-Pinzon J, Selzman CH, Stoddard G, et al. Impact of Ischemic Heart Failure Etiology on Cardiac Recovery During Mechanical Unloading. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016 Oct 18;68(16):1741-1752. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.07.756
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Galdos FX, Guo Y, Paige SL, VanDusen NJ, Wu SM, Pu WT. Cardiac Regeneration: Lessons From Development. Circ Res. 2017 Mar 17;120(6):941-959. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.309040
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Porrello ER, Mahmoud AI, Simpson E, et al. Transient regenerative potential of the neonatal mouse heart. Science. 2011 Feb 25;331(6020):1078-80. doi: 10.1126/science.1200708
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zhu W, Zhang E, Zhao M, et al. Regenerative Potential of Neonatal Porcine Hearts. Circulation. 2018 Dec 11;138(24):2809-2816. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.034886
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ye L, D’Agostino G, Loo SJ, et al. Early Regenerative Capacity in the Porcine Heart. Circulation. 2018 Dec 11;138(24):2798-2808. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.031542
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zhao M, Zhang E, Wei Y, Zhou Y, Walcott GP, Zhang J. Apical Resection Prolongs the Cell Cycle Activity and Promotes Myocardial Regeneration After Left Ventricular Injury in Neonatal Pig. Circulation. 2020 Sep;142(9):913-916. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.044619
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Haubner BJ, Schneider J, Schweigmann U, et al. Functional Recovery of a Human Neonatal Heart After Severe Myocardial Infarction. Circ Res. 2016 Jan 22;118(2):216-21. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.307017
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Deutsch MA, Cleuziou J, Noebauer C, et al. Successful management of neonatal myocardial infarction with ECMO and intracoronary r-tPA lysis. Congenit Heart Dis. 2014 Sep-Oct;9(5):E169-74. doi: 10.1111/chd.12117
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cesna S, Eicken A, Juenger H, Hess J. Successful treatment of a newborn with acute myocardial infarction on the first day of life. Pediatr Cardiol. 2013;34(8):1868-70. doi: 10.1007/s00246-012-0417-2
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Nakada Y, Canseco DC, Thet S, et al. Hypoxia induces heart regeneration in adult mice. Nature. 2017 Jan 12;541(7636):222-227. doi: 10.1038/nature20173
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Puente BN, Kimura W, Muralidhar SA, et al. The oxygen-rich postnatal environment induces cardiomyocyte cell-cycle arrest through DNA damage response. Cell. 2014 Apr 24;157(3):565-79. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.03.032
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cardoso AC, Lam NT, Savla JJ, et al. Mitochondrial Substrate Utilization Regulates Cardiomyocyte Cell Cycle Progression. Nat Metab. 2020 Feb;2(2):167-178.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Li X, Wu F, Gunther S, Looso M, et al. IInhibition of fatty acid oxidation enables heart regeneration in adult mice. Nature. 2023 Oct;622(7983):619-626. doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-06585-5
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Magadum A, Singh N, Kurian AA, et al. Pkm2 Regulates Cardiomyocyte Cell Cycle and Promotes Cardiac Regeneration. Circulation. 2020 Apr 14;141(15):1249-1265. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.043067
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Tao G, Kahr PC, Morikawa Y, et al. Pitx2 promotes heart repair by activating the antioxidant response after cardiac injury. Nature. 2016 Jun 2;534(7605):119-23. doi: 10.1038/nature17959
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bae J, Salamon RJ, Brandt EB, et al. Malonate Promotes Adult Cardiomyocyte Proliferation and Heart Regeneration. Circulation. 2021 May 18;143(20):1973-1986. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.049952
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mahmoud AI, Porrello ER, Kimura W, Olson EN, Sadek HA. Surgical models for cardiac regeneration in neonatal mice. Nat Protoc. 2014 Feb;9(2):305-11. doi: 10.1038/nprot.2014.021
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lam NT, Sadek HA. Neonatal Heart Regeneration: Comprehensive Literature Review. Circulation. 2018 Jul 24;138(4):412-423. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.033648
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Darehzereshki A, Rubin N, Gamba L, et al. Differential regenerative capacity of neonatal mouse hearts after cryoinjury. Dev Biol. 2015 Mar 1;399(1):91-99. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.12.018
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mahmoud AI, Kocabas F, Muralidhar SA, et al. Meis1 regulates postnatal cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest. Nature. 2013 May 9;497(7448):249-253. doi: 10.1038/nature12054
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Costa A, Cushman S, Haubner BJ, Derda AA, Thum T, Bär C. Neonatal injury models: integral tools to decipher the molecular basis of cardiac regeneration. Basic Res Cardiol. 2022 May 3;117(1):26. doi: 10.1007/s00395-022-00931-w
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wang Z, Cui M, Shah AM, et al. Mechanistic basis of neonatal heart regeneration revealed by transcriptome and histone modification profiling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Sep 10;116(37):18455-18465. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1905824116
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wang Z, Cui M, Shah AM, et al. Cell-Type-Specific Gene Regulatory Networks Underlying Murine Neonatal Heart Regeneration at Single-Cell Resolution. Cell Rep. 2021 May 25;35(8):109211. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109211
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kim H, Kamm RD, Vunjak-Novakovic G, Wu JC. Progress in multicellular human cardiac organoids for clinical applications. Cell Stem Cell. 2022;29:503-514.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Thomas D, Choi S, Alamana C, Parker KK, Wu JC. Cellular and Engineered Organoids for Cardiovascular Models. Circ Res. 2022 Apr 7;29(4):503-514. doi: 10.1016/j.stem.2022.03.012
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Tenreiro MF, Louro AF, Alves PM, Serra M. Next generation of heart regenerative therapies: progress and promise of cardiac tissue engineering. NPJ Regen Med. 2021 Jun 1;6(1):30. doi: 10.1038/s41536-021-00140-4
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Takahashi K, Yamanaka S. Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors. Cell. 2006 Aug 25;126(4):663-76. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2006.07.024
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lee J, Sayed N, Hunter A, et al. Activation of innate immunity is required for efficient nuclear reprogramming. Cell. 2012 Oct 26;151(3):547-58. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.09.034
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chanda PK, Meng S, Lee J, Leung HE, Chen K, Cooke JP. Nuclear S-Nitrosylation Defines an Optimal Zone for Inducing Pluripotency. Circulation. 2019 Sep 24;140(13):1081-1099. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.042371
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rufaihah AJ, Huang NF, Kim J, et al. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells exhibit functional heterogeneity. Am J Transl Res. 2013;5(1):21-35
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hirt MN, Boeddinghaus J, Mitchell A, et al. Functional improvement and maturation of rat and human engineered heart tissue by chronic electrical stimulation. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2014 Sep:74:151-61. doi: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.05.009
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mannhardt I, Breckwoldt K, Letuffe-Brenière D, et al. Human Engineered Heart Tissue: Analysis of Contractile Force. Stem Cell Reports. 2016 Jul 12;7(1):29-42. doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.04.011
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hansen A, Eder A, Bonstrup M, et al. Development of a drug screening platform based on engineered heart tissue. Circ Res. 2010 Jul 9;107(1):35-44. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.109.211458
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Tzatzalos E, Abilez OJ, Shukla P, Wu JC. Engineered heart tissues and induced pluripotent stem cells: Macro- and microstructures for disease modeling, drug screening, and translational studies. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2016 Jan 15:96:234-244. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.09.010
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Tani H, Tohyama S. Human Engineered Heart Tissue Models for Disease Modeling and Drug Discovery. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022 Mar 31:10:855763. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.855763
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lin Z, Garbern JC, Liu R, et al. Tissue-embedded stretchable nanoelectronics reveal endothelial cell-mediated electrical maturation of human 3D cardiac microtissues. Sci Adv. 2023 Mar 10;9(10):eade8513. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.ade8513
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wanjare M, Huang NF. Regulation of the microenvironment for cardiac tissue engineering. Regen Med. 2017 Mar;12(2):187-201. doi: 10.2217/rme-2016-0132
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Min S, Kim S, Sim WS, et al. Versatile human cardiac tissues engineered with perfusable heart extracellular microenvironment for biomedical applications. Nat Commun. 2024 Mar 22;15(1):2564. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-46928-y
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chen Y, Luttmann FF, Schoger E, et al. Reversible reprogramming of cardiomyocytes to a fetal state drives heart regeneration in mice. Science. 2021 Sep 24;373(6562):1537-1540. doi: 10.1126/science.abg5159
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gourdie RG, Dimmeler S, Kohl P. Novel therapeutic strategies targeting fibroblasts and fibrosis in heart disease. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2016 Sep;15(9):620-638. doi: 10.1038/nrd.2016.89
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chen W, Bian W, Zhou Y, Zhang J. Cardiac Fibroblasts and Myocardial Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2021 Mar 25:9:599928. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.599928
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chi C, Song K. Cellular reprogramming of fibroblasts in heart regeneration. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2023 Jul:180:84-93. doi: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.03.009
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zhang L, Guo J, Zhang P, et al. Derivation and high engraftment of patient-specific cardiomyocyte sheet using induced pluripotent stem cells generated from adult cardiac fibroblast. Circ Heart Fail. 2015 Jan;8(1):156-66. doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.114.001317
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Alexanian RA, Mahapatra K, Lang D, et al. Induced cardiac progenitor cells repopulate decellularized mouse heart scaffolds and differentiate to generate cardiac tissue. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res. 2020 Mar;1867(3):118559. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.118559
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lalit PA, Salick MR, Nelson DO, et al. Lineage Reprogramming of Fibroblasts into Proliferative Induced Cardiac Progenitor Cells by Defined Factors. Cell Stem Cell. 2016 Mar 3;18(3):354-67. doi: 10.1016/j.stem.2015.12.001
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Qian L, Srivastava D. Direct cardiac reprogramming: from developmental biology to cardiac regeneration. Circ Res. 2013 Sep 13;113(7):915-21. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.112.300625
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cao N, Huang Y, Zheng J, et al. Conversion of human fibroblasts into functional cardiomyocytes by small molecules. Science. 2016 Jun 3;352(6290):1216-20. doi: 10.1126/science.aaf1502
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zhou H, Yang J, Srinath C, et al. Improved Cardiac Function in Postischemic Rats Using an Optimized Cardiac Reprogramming Cocktail Delivered in a Single Novel Adeno-Associated Virus. Circulation. 2023 Oct 3;148(14):1099-1112. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.061542
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ieda M, Fu JD, Delgado-Olguin P, et al. Direct reprogramming of fibroblasts into functional cardiomyocytes by defined factors. Cell. 2010 Aug 6;142(3):375-86. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2010.07.002
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Nam YJ, Song K, Luo X, et al. Reprogramming of human fibroblasts toward a cardiac fate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Apr 2;110(14):5588-93. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1301019110
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wada R, Muraoka N, Inagawa K, et al. Induction of human cardiomyocyte-like cells from fibroblasts by defined factors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Jul 30;110(31):12667-72. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1304053110
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Tang Y, Zhao L, Yu X, et al. Inhibition of EZH2 primes the cardiac gene activation via removal of epigenetic repression during human direct cardiac reprogramming. Stem Cell Res. 2021 May:53:102365. doi: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102365
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Tang Y, Aryal S, Geng X, et al. TBX20 Improves Contractility and Mitochondrial Function During Direct Human Cardiac Reprogramming. Circulation. 2022 Nov 15;146(20):1518-1536. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.059713
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Shiba Y, Gomibuchi T, Seto T, et al. Allogeneic transplantation of iPS cell-derived cardiomyocytes regenerates primate hearts. Nature. 2016 Oct 20;538(7625):388-391. doi: 10.1038/nature19815
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rurik JG, Tombacz I, Yadegari A, et al. CAR T cells produced in vivo to treat cardiac injury. Science. 2022 Jan 7;375(6576):91-96. doi: 10.1126/science.abm0594
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Litvinukova M, Talavera-Lopez C, Maatz H, et al. Cells of the adult human heart. Nature. 2020 Dec;588(7838):466-472. doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2797-4
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Luxan G, Dimmeler S. The vasculature: a therapeutic target in heart failure? Cardiovasc Res. 2022 Jan 7;118(1):53-64. doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvab047
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ubil E, Duan J, Pillai IC, et al. Mesenchymal-endothelial transition contributes to cardiac neovascularization. Nature. 2014 Oct 30;514(7524):585-90. doi: 10.1038/nature13839
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
He L, Huang X, Kanisicak O, et al. Preexisting endothelial cells mediate cardiac neovascularization after injury. J Clin Invest. 2017 Aug 1;127(8):2968-2981. doi: 10.1172/JCI93868
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Dong W, Li R, Yang H, et al. Mesenchymal-endothelial transition-derived cells as a potential new regulatory target for cardiac hypertrophy. Sci Rep. 2020 Apr 20;10(1):6652. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-63671-8
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Meng S, Lv J, Chanda PK, Owusu I, Chen K, Cooke JP. Reservoir of Fibroblasts Promotes Recovery From Limb Ischemia. Circulation. 2020 Oct 27;142(17):1647-1662. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046872
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cooke JP, Lai L. Transflammation in tissue regeneration and response to injury: How cell-autonomous inflammatory signaling mediates cell plasticity. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2023 Dec:203:115118. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115118
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cooke JP, Lai L. Role of angiogenic transdifferentiation in vascular recovery. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023 May 2:10:1155835. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1155835
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Sayed N, Wong WT, Ospino F, et al. Transdifferentiation of human fibroblasts to endothelial cells: role of innate immunity. Circulation. 2015 Jan 20;131(3):300-9. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.007394
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lai L, Reineke E, Hamilton DJ, Cooke JP. Glycolytic Switch Is Required for Transdifferentiation to Endothelial Lineage. Circulation. 2019 Jan 2;139(1):119-133. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.035741
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cooke JP, Meng S. Vascular Regeneration in Peripheral Artery Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2020 Jul;40(7):1627-1634. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.120.312862
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Malhi NK, Southerland KW, Lai L, Chen ZB. Epigenetic Regulation of Angiogenesis in Peripheral Artery Disease. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J. 2023 Nov 16;19(5):47-57. doi: 10.14797/mdcvj.1294
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article