Update on Management of Type 2 Diabetes for Cardiologists

Mohammed Qureshi; Emily Gammoh; Jawairia Shakil; Richard Robbins

doi:10.14797/mdcj-14-4-273

Update on Management of Type 2 Diabetes for Cardiologists

Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal

Volume 14 (2018): Issue 4

By: Mohammed Qureshi, Emily Gammoh, Jawairia Shakil and Richard Robbins

Open Access

|Oct 2018

Abstract

The management of type 2 diabetes mellitus has evolved over the last several years as new antidiabetic agents continue to arrive and change the goals of diabetes care. In 2008, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration mandated that all new antidiabetic agents must demonstrate cardiovascular (CV) safety, which has led to a series of CV outcome trials. In this article, we review the key findings from these CV outcome trials and their impact on diabetes care guidelines.

References

American Diabetes Association Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2018 Diabetes Care 2018 Jan 41 Suppl 1 S86 S104
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Garber AJ Abrahamson MJ Barzilay JI CONSENSUS STATEMENT BY THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGISTS AND AMERICAN COLLEGE OF ENDOCRINOLOGY ON THE COMPREHENSIVE TYPE 2 DIABETES MANAGEMENT ALGORITHM - 2018 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Endocr Pract 2018 Jan 24 1 91 120
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
American Diabetes Association Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2018 Diabetes Care 2018 Jan 41 Suppl 1 S13 S27
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bangalore S Kumar S Lobach I Messerli FH Blood pressure targets in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus/impaired fasting glucose: observations from traditional and bayesian random-effects meta-analyses of randomized trials Circulation 2011 Jun 21 123 24 2799 810
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cushman WC Evans GW Byington RP ACCORD Study Group Effects of intensive blood-pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus N Engl J Med 2010 Apr 29 362 17 1575 85
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Go AS Mozaffarian D Roger VL American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee Heart disease and stroke statistics—2013 update: a report from the American Heart Association Circulation 2013 Jan 1 127 1 e6 e245
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rena G Hardie DG Pearson ER The mechanisms of action of metformin Diabetologia 2017 Sep 60 9 1577 85
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Selvin E Bolen S Yeh H Cardiovascular outcomes in trials of oral diabetes medications: a systematic review Arch Intern Med 2008 Oct 27 168 19 2070 80
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
King P Peacock I Donnelly R The UK prospective diabetes study (UKPDS): clinical and therapeutic implications for type 2 diabetes Br J Clin Pharmacol 1999 Nov 48 5 643 8
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lamanna C Monami M Marchionni N Mannucci E Effect of metformin on cardiovascular events and mortality: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials Diabetes Obes Metab 2011 Mar 13 3 221 8
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hirst JA Farmer AJ Ali R Roberts NW Stevens RJ Quantifying the effect of metformin treatment and dose on glycemic control Diabetes Care 2012 Feb 35 2 446 54
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bailey CJ Day C; Metformin: its botanical background Pract Diabetes Int 2004 May 25 21 3 115 7
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Quianzon CC Cheikh IE History of current non-insulin medications for diabetes mellitus J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect 2012 Oct 15 2 3
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gangji AS Cukierman T Gerstein HC Goldsmith CH Clase CM A systematic review and meta-analysis of hypoglycemia and cardiovascular events: a comparison of glyburide with other secretagogues and with insulin Diabetes Care 2007 Feb 30 2 389 94
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Monami M Genovese S Mannucci E Cardiovascular safety of sulfonylureas: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials Diabetes Obes Metab 2013 Oct 15 10 938 53
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Varvaki Rados D Catani Pinto L Reck Remonti L Bauermann Leitão C Gross JL The Association between Sulfonylurea Use and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality: A Meta-Analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials PLoS Med 2016 Apr 12 13 4 e1001992
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Azoulay L Suissa S Sulfonylureas and the Risks of Cardiovascular Events and Death: A Methodological Meta-Regression Analysis of the Observational Studies Diabetes Care 2017 May 40 5 706 14
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
American Diabetes Association Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2018 Diabetes Care 2018 Jan 41 Suppl 1 S73 S85
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Dormandy JA Charbonnel B Eckland DJ PROactive Investigators Secondary prevention of macrovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes in the PROactive Study (PROspective pioglitAzone Clinical Trial In macroVascular Events): a randomised controlled trial Lancet 2005 Oct 8 366 9493 1279 89
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Home PD Pocock SJ Beck-Nielsen H RECORD Study Team Rosiglitazone evaluated for cardiovascular outcomes in oral agent combination therapy for type 2 diabetes (RECORD): a multicentre, randomised, open-label trial Lancet 2009 Jun 20 373 9681 2125 35
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lincoff AM Wolski K Nicholls SJ Nissen SE Pioglitazone and risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of randomized trials JAMA 2007 Sep 12 298 10 1180 8
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kernan WN Viscoli CM Furie KL IRIS Trial Investigators Pioglitazone after Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack N Engl J Med 2016 Apr 7 374 14 1321 31
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Goldberg RB Kendall DM Deeg MA GLAI Study Investigators A comparison of lipid and glycemic effects of pioglitazone and rosiglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia Diabetes Care 2005 Jul 28 7 1547 54
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Charbonnel B Dormandy J Erdmann E Massi-Benedetti M Skene A PROactive Study Group The prospective pioglitazone clinical trial in macrovascular events (PROactive): can pioglitazone reduce cardiovascular events in diabetes? Study design and baseline characteristics of 5238 patients Diabetes Care 2004 Jul 27 7 1647 53
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Standl E Theodorakis MJ Erbach M Schnell O Tuomilehto J On the potential of acarbose to reduce cardiovascular disease Cardiovasc Diabetol 2014 Apr 16 13 81
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
van de Laar FA Lucassen PL Akkermans RP van de Lisdonk EH Rutten GE van Weel C Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors for patients with type 2 diabetes: results from a Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis Diabetes Care 2005 Jan 28 1 154 63
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chiasson JL Josse RG Gomis R Hanefeld M Karasik A Laakso M STOP-NIDDM Trail Research Group Acarbose for prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus: the STOP-NIDDM randomised trial Lancet 2002 Jun 15 359 9323 2072 7
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Schnell O Rydén L Standl E Ceriello A D&CVD EASD Study Group Updates on cardiovascular outcome trials in diabetes Cardiovasc Diabetol 2017 Oct 11 16 1 128
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Deacon CF Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in the treatment of type 2 diabetes: a comparative review Diabetes Obes Metab 2011 Jan 13 1 7 18
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
U. S. Food & Drug Administration [Internet] Silver Spring, MD U.S. Food & Drug Administration c2018 FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA adds warnings about heart failure risk to labels of type 2 diabetes medicines containing saxagliptin and alogliptin; 2016 Apr 5 [cited 2018 Jun 29]. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm486096.htm
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Herrmann K Zhou M Wang A de Bruin TWA Cardiovascular safety assessment of pramlintide in type 2 diabetes: results from a pooled analysis of five clinical trials Clin Diabetes Endocrinol 2016 May 11 2 12
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gerstein HC Bosch J Dagenais GR ORIGIN Trial Investigators Basal insulin and cardiovascular and other outcomes in dysglycemia N Engl J Med 2012 Jul 26 367 4 319 28
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Joseph JJ Donner TW Long-term insulin glargine therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a focus on cardiovascular outcomes Vasc Health Risk Manag 2015 Jan 28 11 107 16
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Marso SP McGuire DK Zinman B DEVOTE Study Group Efficacy and Safety of Degludec versus Glargine in Type 2 Diabetes N Engl J Med 2017 Aug 24 377 8 723 32
Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14797/mdcj-14-4-273 | Journal eISSN: 1947-6108

Journal RSS Feed

Language: English

Page range: 273 - 280

Published on: Oct 1, 2018

Published by: Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Keywords:

type 2 diabetes mellitus,

diabetes management,

cardiovascular outcome trials,

cardiovascular safety,

major adverse cardiac events

© 2018 Mohammed Qureshi, Emily Gammoh, Jawairia Shakil, Richard Robbins, published by Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License.

Volume 14 (2018): Issue 4