Figure 1.
Effects of stress response on whole body protein catabolism. Reprinted with permission.3
Figure 2.
Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative components of an ERAS pathway.
Table 1.
Guidelines endorsed by ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) Society for preoperative interventions. Although current guidelines vary across a wide range of surgical procedures, the recommendations are generally consistent.7
Table 2.
Multimodal analgesic medications that help to decrease postoperative systemic opioid consumption. IV: intravenous; PO: per os (oral)
Table 3.
Expert consensus for optimal perioperative care in cardiac surgery based on class of recommendation and level of evidence. Adapted from Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS): An Expert Consensus Statement in Cardiac Surgery.59 RCTs: randomized controlled trials; CPB: cardiopulmonary bypass
