Management of Pulmonary Hypertension in Left Heart Disease
By: Francesca Macera and Jean-Luc Vachiéry
References
- Lam CS, Roger VL, Rodeheffer RJ, Borlaug BA, Enders FT, Redfield MM. Pulmonary hypertension in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a community-based study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009 Mar 31; 53(13): 1119–26. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2008.11.051.
- Galié N, Humbert M, Vachiéry JL, et al. 2015 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension: The Joint Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS): Endorsed by: Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC), International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT). Eur Heart J. 2016 Jan 1; 37(1): 67–119. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv317.
- Vachiéry
JL,
Tedford
RJ,
Rosenkranz
S, et al. Pulmonary
hypertension due to left heart disease. Eur Respir
J. 2019
Jan
24; 53(1):
1801897 . doi: 10.1183/13993003.01897-2018. - Rosenkranz S, Gibbs JSR, Wachter R, De Marco T, Vonk-Noordegraaf A, Vachiéry JL. Left ventricular heart failure and pulmonary hypertension. Eur Heart J. 2016 Mar 21; 37(12): 942–54. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv512.
- Assad TR, Hemnes AR, Larkin EK, et al. Clinical and biological insights into combined post-capillary and pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension. 2016 Dec 13; 68(23): 2525–2536. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.09.942.
- Fayyaz AU, Edwards WD, Maleszewski JJ, et al. Global Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Pulmonary Hypertension Associated With Heart Failure and Preserved or Reduced Ejection Fraction. Circulation. 2018 Apr 24; 137(17): 1796–1810. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.031608.
- Lang I, Palazzini M. The burden of comorbidities in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Eur Heart J Suppl. 2019 Dec; 21(Suppl K): K21–K28. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/suz205.
- Bosch L, Lam CSP, Gong L, et al. Right ventricular dysfunction in left-sided heart failure with preserved versus reduced ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail. 2017 Dec; 19(12): 1664–1671. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.873.
- Caravita
S,
Dewachter
C,
Soranna
D, et al.
Haemodynamics to predict outcome in pulmonary hypertension
due to left heart disease: a meta-analysis. Eur
Respir J. 2018
Apr
4; 51(4):
1702427 . doi: 10.1183/13993003.02427-2017. - Maron AB, Brittan EL, Hess E, et al. Pulmonary vascular resistance and clinical outcomes in patients with pulmonary hypertension: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet Respir Med. 2020 Sep; 8(9): 873–884. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30317-9.
- Tichelbäcker T, Dumitrescu D, Gerhardt F, et al. Pulmonary hypertension and valvular heart disease. Herz. 2019 Sep; 44(6): 491–501. doi: 10.1007/s00059-019-4823-6.
- Briongos Figuero S, Moya Mur JL, Garcìa-Lledò A, et al. Predictors of persistent pulmonary hypertension after mitral valve replacement. Heart Vessels. 2016 Jul; 31(7): 1091–9. doi: 10.1007/s00380-015-0700-2.
- Baumgartner H, Falk V, Bax JJ, et al. 2017 ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease. Eur Heart J. 2017 Sep 21; 38(36): 2739–91. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx391.
- Alnsasra
H,
Asleh
R,
Schettle
SD, et al. Diastolic
Pulmonary Gradient as a Predictor of Right Ventricular Failure After Left
Ventricular Assist Device Implantation. J Am Heart
Assoc. 2019
Aug
20; 8(16):
e012073 . doi: 10.1161/JAHA.119.012073. - Mehra MR, Canter CE, Hannan MM, et al. The 2016 International Society for Heart Lung Transplantation listing criteria for heart transplantation: A 10-year update. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2016 Jan; 35(1): 1–23. doi: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.10.023.
- Vakil K, Duval S, Sharma A, et al. Impact of pre-transplant pulmonary hypertension on survival after heart transplantation: a UNOS registry analysis. Int J Cardiol. 2014 Oct 20; 176(3): 595–9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.08.072.
- Tsukashita M, Takayama H, Takeda K, et al. Effect of pulmonary vascular resistance before left ventricular assist device implantation on short- and long-term post-transplant survival. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2015 Nov; 150(5): 1352–60, 1361.e1–2. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2015.07.012.
- Vachiéry JL, Adir Y, Barberà JA, et al. Pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Dec 24; 62(25 Suppl): D100–8. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.10.033.
- Ponikowski P, Voors AA, Anker SD, et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. 2016 Jul 14; 37(27): 2129–2200. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw128.
- Packer M, Kitzman DW. Obesity-Related Heart Failure With a Preserved Ejection Fraction: The Mechanistic Rationale for Combining Inhibitors of Aldosterone, Neprilysin, and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2. JACC Heart Fail. 2018 Aug; 6(8): 633–639. doi: 10.1016/j.jchf.2018.01.009.
- Benza RL, Raina A, Abraham WT, et al. Pulmonary hypertension related to left heart disease: insight from a wireless implantable hemodynamic monitor. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2015 Mar; 34(3): 329–37. doi: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.04.014.
- Paulus WJ, Tschöpe C. A novel paradigm for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: comorbidities drive myocardial dysfunction and remodeling through coronary microvascular endothelial inflammation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Jul 23; 62(4): 263–71. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.02.092.
- Cody RJ, Haas GJ, Binkley BF, Capers Q, Kelley R. Plasma endothelin correlates with the extent of pulmonary hypertension in patients with chronic congestive heart failure. Circulation. 1992 Feb; 85(2): 504–9. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.85.2.504.
- Massie BM, Carson PE, McMurray JJV, et al. Irbesartan in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction. N Engl J Med. 2008 Dec 4; 359(23): 2456–67. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0805450.
- Pitt B, Pfeffer MA, Assmann SF, et al. Spironolactone for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. N Engl J Med. 2014 Apr 10; 370(15): 1383–92. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1313731.
- Solomon SD, McMurray JJV, Anand IS, et al. Angiotensin-Neprilysin Inhibition in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. N Engl J Med. 2019 Oct 24; 381(17): 1609–20. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1908655.
- Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/HFSA Focused Update of the 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Failure Society of America. Circulation. 2017 Aug 8; 136(6): e137–e161. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000509.
- Kosiborod M, Cavender MA, Fu AZ, et al. Lower Risk of Heart Failure and Death in Patients Initiated on Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Versus Other Glucose-Lowering Drugs: The CVD-REAL Study (Comparative Effectiveness of Cardiovascular Outcomes in New Users of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors). Circulation. 2017 Jul 18; 136(3): 249–259. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.029190.
- ClinicalTrials.gov
[Internet]. Bethesda, MD: US
National Library of Medicine; c2021.
EMPagliflozin outcomE tRial in Patients With chrOnic heaRt Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (EMPEROR-Preserved) ; 2021 May 6 [cited 2021 May 19]. Available from:https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03057951 . - Armstrong PW, Pieske B, Anstrom KJ, et al. Vericiguat in Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction. N Engl J Med. 2020 May 14; 382(20): 1883–1893. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1915928.
- Armstrong PW, Lam CSP, Anstrom KJ, et al. Effect of Vericiguat vs Placebo on Quality of Life in Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction: The VITALITY-HFpEF Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2020 Oct 20; 324(15): 1512–1521. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.15922.
- Dumitrescu D, Seck C, Möhle L, Erdmann E, Rosenkranz S. Therapeutic potential of sildenafil in patients with heart failure and reactive pulmonary hypertension. Int J Cardiol. 2012 Jan 26; 154(2): 205–6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.10.064.
- Shah MR, Stinnett SS, McNulty SE, et al. Hemodynamics as surrogate end points for survival in advanced heart failure: an analysis from FIRST. Am Heart J. 2001 Jun; 141(6): 908–14. doi: 10.1067/mhj.2001.115299.
- Lewis GD, Shah R, Shahzad K, et al. Sildenafil improves exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with systolic heart failure and secondary pulmonary hypertension. Circulation. 2007 Oct 2; 116(14): 1555–62. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.716373.
- Guazzi M, Vicenzi M, Arena R, Guazzi MD. Pulmonary hypertension in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a target of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition in a 1-year study. Circulation. 2011 Jul 12; 124(2): 164–74. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.983866.
- Guazzi M, Vicenzi M, Arena R, et al. Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibition with sildenafil reverses exercise oscillatory breathing in chronic heart failure: a long-term cardiopulmonary exercise testing placebo-controlled study. Eur J Heart Fail. 2012 Jan; 14(1): 82–90. doi: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfr147.
- Hoendermis ES, Liu LC, Hummel YM, et al. Effects of sildenafil on invasive haemodynamics and exercise capacity in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction and pulmonary hypertension: a randomized controlled trial. Eur Heart J. 2015 Oct 7; 36(38): 2565–73. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv336.
- Liu LC, Hummel YM, Van der Meer P, et al. Effects of sildenafil on cardiac structure and function, cardiopulmonary exercise testing and health-related quality of life measures in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction and pulmonary hypertension. Eur J Heart Fail. 2017 Jan; 19(1): 116–125. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.662.
- Bermejo J, Yotti R, Garcìa-Orta R, et al. Sildenafil for improving outcomes in patients with corrected valvular heart disease and persistent pulmonary hypertension: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Eur Heart J. 2018 Apr 14; 39(15): 1255–1264. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx700.
- Koller B, Steringer-Macherbauer R, Ebner CH, et al. Pilot Study of Endothelin Receptor Blockade in Heart Failure with Diastolic Dysfunction and Pulmonary Hypertension (BADDHY-Trial). Heart Lung Circ. 2017 May; 26(5): 433–441. doi: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.09.004.
- Bonderman D, Ghio S, Felix SB, et al. Riociguat for patients with pulmonary hypertension caused by systolic left ventricular dysfunction: a phase IIb double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging hemodynamic study. Circulation. 2013 Jul 30; 128(5): 502–11. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.001458.
- Vachiéry
JL,
Delcroix
M,
Al-Hiti
H, et al. Macitentan
in pulmonary hypertension due to left ventricular
dysfunction. Eur Respir J.
2018
Feb
7; 51(2):
1701886 . doi: 10.1183/13993003.01886–;2017. - Packer M, McMurray JJV, Krum H, et al. Long-Term Effect of Endothelin Receptor Antagonism With Bosentan on the Morbidity and Mortality of Patients With Severe Chronic Heart Failure: Primary Results of the ENABLE Trials. 2017 May; 5(5): 317–26. doi: 10.1016/j.jchf.2017.02.021.
- Cao JY, Wales KM, Cordina R, Lau EMT, Celermajer DS. Pulmonary vasodilator therapies are of no benefit in pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease: A meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol. 2018 Dec 15; 273: 213–220. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.09.043.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14797/RKQN5397 | Journal eISSN: 1947-6108
Language: English
Page range: 115 - 123
Accepted on: Nov 18, 2020
Published on: Jul 1, 2021
Published by: Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Keywords:
© 2021 Francesca Macera, Jean-Luc Vachiéry, published by Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License.