Fig. 1.
Photo 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
The difference between the number of ecosystem services (ES) indicated indoors (IN) and outdoors (OUT) and the general number of ES in Gdańsk (Gda) and Poznań (Poz), expressed as a percentage of each ES imitated in a given group (IN/OUT/Gda/Poz)_
| Ecosystem services | All trees | First tree | Difference between cities | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IN [%] | OUT [%] | Chi2 | P | IN [%] | OUT [%] | Chi2 | P | Gda [%] | Poz [%] | Chi2 | P | |
| Oxygen source | 11 | 11 | 0.010 | 0.920 | 12 | 12 | 0.598 | 0.439 | 10 | 11 | 0.789 | 0.374 |
| Wind protection | 6 | 6 | 0.162 | 0.687 | 6 | 6 | 0.507 | 0.476 | 5 | 8 | 3.165 | 0.075 |
| Delivery of fruit and nuts | 3 | 3 | 0.101 | 0.751 | 3 | 3 | 0.293 | 0.588 | 3 | 3 | 0.067 | 0.796 |
| Tree as witness to history | 2 | 2 | 0.100 | 0.752 | 2 | 2 | 0.839 | 0.360 | 3 | 2 | 0.159 | 0.690 |
| Supplying wood, branches and leaves | 1 | 2 | 0.089 | 0.765 | 1 | 2 | 0.614 | 0.433 | 2 | 1 | 0.479 | 0.489 |
| Noise reduction | 6 | 6 | 0.016 | 0.899 | 5 | 6 | 0.798 | 0.372 | 5 | 7 | 1.302 | 0.254 |
| Impact on aesthetics of space | 11 | 9 | 3.194 | 0.079 | 13 | 10 | 1.013 | 0.314 | 11 | 9 | 2.739 | 0.098 |
| Educational usefulness | 2 | 3 | 1.591 | 0.207 | 1 | 3 | 3.514 | 0.061 | 2 | 3 | 0.419 | 0.517 |
| Sense of intimacy, separating from neighbours | 5 | 3 | 1.790 | 0.181 | 4 | 4 | 0.031 | 0.861 | 5 | 3 | 1.070 | 0.301 |
| Positive impact on health and well-being | 9 | 9 | 0.010 | 0.920 | 9 | 9 | 0.318 | 0.572 | 9 | 9 | 0.061 | 0.805 |
| Habitat and food source for animals | 7 | 7 | 0.026 | 0.872 | 6 | 7 | 0.684 | 0.408 | 7 | 7 | 0.003 | 0.958 |
| Regulating air humidity and soil moisture | 5 | 5 | 0.256 | 0.613 | 5 | 5 | 0.147 | 0.701 | 5 | 5 | 0.027 | 0.869 |
| Strengthening interpersonal bonds | 4 | 3 | 0.849 | 0.357 | 4 | 3 | 0.000 | 0.997 | 4 | 3 | 0.361 | 0.548 |
| Air purification | 9 | 10 | 0.265 | 0.607 | 10 | 10 | 0.648 | 0.421 | 9 | 10 | 0.436 | 0.509 |
| Protection against snowdrifts | 2 | 1 | 0.987 | 0.320 | 2 | 1 | 0.773 | 0.379 | 2 | 2 | 0.038 | 0.845 |
| Place of recreation | 9 | 9 | 0.016 | 0.899 | 8 | 8 | 0.754 | 0.385 | 9 | 9 | 0.001 | 0.973 |
| Sun protection (shade) | 8 | 10 | 0.276 | 0.599 | 8 | 10 | 1.579 | 0.108 | 8 | 10 | 1.149 | 0.284 |
The number of questionnaires given by location_
| Outdoors | Indoors | Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total outdoors | Male | Female | Total indoors | Male | Female | ||
| Gdańsk | 21 | 9 | 12 | 55 | 24 | 31 | 76 |
| Poznań | 20 | 7 | 13 | 22 | 6 | 16 | 42 |
| Total | 41 | 16 | 25 | 77 | 30 | 47 | 118 |