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The Change and Variability of Snow Cover in Kraków in a 100-Year Observation Series Cover

The Change and Variability of Snow Cover in Kraków in a 100-Year Observation Series

Quaestiones Geographicae
Volume 42 (2023): Issue 3 (September 2023)
By: Katarzyna Piotrowicz and  Małgorzata Falarz  
Open Access
|Sep 2023

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1.

Territorial evolution – A and number of populations of Kraków – B (based on Mydel [1994], Jelonek [1956] and GUS [2022]).
Territorial evolution – A and number of populations of Kraków – B (based on Mydel [1994], Jelonek [1956] and GUS [2022]).

Fig. 2.

Number of days with snow cover and trends of its changes in the period 1921/22–2020/21, 1921/22–1960/61 and 1961/62–2020/21 (*statistically significant changes at a level of 0.05). The trend value for the entire analysed 100-year period is shown in black font, in green font for the first sub-period and in red for the second sub-period.
Number of days with snow cover and trends of its changes in the period 1921/22–2020/21, 1921/22–1960/61 and 1961/62–2020/21 (*statistically significant changes at a level of 0.05). The trend value for the entire analysed 100-year period is shown in black font, in green font for the first sub-period and in red for the second sub-period.

Fig. 3.

Maximum depth of snow cover and trends of its changes in the periods 1921/22–2020/21, 1921/22– 1960/61 and 1961/62–2020/21 (explanations as in Fig. 2).
Maximum depth of snow cover and trends of its changes in the periods 1921/22–2020/21, 1921/22– 1960/61 and 1961/62–2020/21 (explanations as in Fig. 2).

Fig. 4.

Dates of the first and last days with snow cover and trends of its changes in the periods 1921/22– 2020/21, 1921/22–1960/61 and 1961/62–2020/21 (explanations as in Fig. 2; at the bottom the date of the first day, at the top the date of the last day).
Dates of the first and last days with snow cover and trends of its changes in the periods 1921/22– 2020/21, 1921/22–1960/61 and 1961/62–2020/21 (explanations as in Fig. 2; at the bottom the date of the first day, at the top the date of the last day).

Fig. 5.

Potential snow cover duration with snow cover and trends of its changes in the periods 1921/22– 2020/21, 1921/22–1960/61 and 1961/62–2020/21 (explanations as in Fig. 2).
Potential snow cover duration with snow cover and trends of its changes in the periods 1921/22– 2020/21, 1921/22–1960/61 and 1961/62–2020/21 (explanations as in Fig. 2).

Fig. 6.

Index of snow cover stability and trends of its changes in the periods 1921/22–2020/21, 1921/22– 1960/61 and 1961/62–2020/21 (explanations as in Fig. 2).
Index of snow cover stability and trends of its changes in the periods 1921/22–2020/21, 1921/22– 1960/61 and 1961/62–2020/21 (explanations as in Fig. 2).

Absolute and relative trends of basic snow cover characteristics in the periods 1921/22–2020/22, 1921/22–1960/61 and 1961/62–2020/21_

Snow cover characteristicsUnitsAbsolute trendRelative trend [% · 10 years 1]
1921/22–2020/211921/22–1960/611961/62–2020/211921/22–2020/211921/22–1960/611961/62–2020/21
Number of days[days · 10 years-1]–2.0*–3.8–5.2*–3.3*–6.0–9.1*
Maximum seasonal depth[cm · 10 years-1]–0.40.3–2.0*–1.51.4–9.5*
First day[days · 10 years-1]0.65.7*1.90.21.7*0.6
Last day–0.7–4.0–0.6–0.9–5.0–0.8
Potential duration–1.3–9.7*–2.5–1.2–8.5*–2.2
Stability index[% · 10 years-1]–0.91.7*–2.3–1.73.1*–0.6

Variation coefficient of selected snow cover characteristics in the period 1921/22–2020/22 and in its two sub-periods (1921/22–1960/61 and 1961/62–2020/21)_

Snow cover characteristicsVariation coefficient [%]
1921/22–2020/211921/22–1960/611961/62–2020/21
Number of days40.833.145.5
Maximum seasonal depth53.553.653.4
First day6.76.17.1
Last day24.920.427.6
Potential duration26.424.827.4
Stability index35.630.039.1
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/quageo-2023-0031 | Journal eISSN: 2081-6383 | Journal ISSN: 2082-2103
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Language: English
Page range: 213 - 222
Submitted on: Feb 27, 2023
Published on: Sep 7, 2023
Published by: Adam Mickiewicz University
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
snow cover change,
climate change,
winter,
Kraków
Related subjects:
Geosciences,
Geography

© 2023 Katarzyna Piotrowicz, Małgorzata Falarz, published by Adam Mickiewicz University
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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