Fig. 1.
Location of research sites on the coast of western Crete.
Table 1.
Uplift and geomorphology of the research sites.
| Site | Name | Uplift of the 365 AD earthquake [m] | Geomorphology | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flemming 1978 | Kelletat 1991 | Pirazzoli et al. 1996b | |||
| 1 | Seitan Limania | 0–1 | 0 | 1–2 | Backshore in a narrow rocky bay with a rocky gorge with periodic flow |
| 2 | Stavros | 0–1 | 0 | 1–2 | Backshore in a wide bay outside the mouth of a periodic river |
| 3 | Balos | 6–7 | 6 | 5.5–6 | Backshore in a wide bay and field of the aeolian sands on the cliff |
| 4 | Elafonisi | 8–9 | 9 | > 9 | Backshore and dunes on a small island |
| 5 | Orthi Ammos | 2–3 | 2 | 3 | Backshore and dunes on the cliff |
| 6 | Preveli | 0–1 | 0 | 1–2 | Backshore with the mouth of a permanent river from a deep rocky gorge |
| 7 | Matala | 0–1 | 0 | < 1 | Backshore in a wide rocky bay outside the mouth of a periodic river |
Fig. 2.
Research sites on the coast of western Crete: A – Seitan Limania, B – Stavros, C – Balos, D – Elafonisi, E – Orthi Ammos, F – Preveli, G – Matala.
Table 2.
Mean grain size (MZ) and sorting (δ).
| Site | Name | Mean Mz | Mean sorting δ |
|---|---|---|---|
| [mm] | [phi] | ||
| 1 | Seitan Limania | 0.907 | 0.80 |
| 2 | Stavros | 0.536 | 0.59 |
| 3 | Balos 1 | 0.287 | 0.72 |
| Balos 2 | 0.907 | 0.90 | |
| Balos 3 | 0.426 | 0.65 | |
| Balos 4 | 0.277 | 0.67 | |
| Balos 5 | 0.496 | 0.47 | |
| 4 | Elafonisi 1 | 0.466 | 1.24 |
| Elafonisi 2 | 0.349 | 0.54 | |
| 5 | Orthi Ammos 1 | 0.457 | 1.42 |
| Orthi Ammos 2 | 0.227 | 0.53 | |
| 6 | Preveli | 0.722 | 0.40 |
| 7 | Matala | 0.599 | 0.59 |
Fig. 3.
Mineral composition in the research sites.
Table 3.
Quartz grain abrasion.
| Site | Name | Quartz grain abrasion [%] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | NU | EL | EM/EL | RM | EM/RM | ||
| 1 | Seitan Limania | 0 | 26 | 12 | 0 | 12 | 50 |
| 2 | Stavros | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 3 | Balos 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Balos 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | |
| Balos 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 14 | 78 | |
| Balos 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | |
| Balos 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | |
| 4 | Elafonisi 1 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 76 |
| Elafonisi 2 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 81 | |
| 5 | Orthi Ammos 1 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 82 |
| Orthi Ammos 2 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 78 | |
| 6 | Preveli | 0 | 34 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 60 |
| 7 | Matala | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 28 | 68 |
Table 4.
Characteristics of coastal deposits (average values).
| Sedimentary environment | Mineral composition | Mean grain size and sorting | Quartz grain abrasion | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carbonate minerals | Quartz | Other minerals | Mz | δ | NU | EL | EM/EL | RM | EM/RM | |
| [%] | [mm] | [phi] | [%] | |||||||
| High-energy beach | 64 | 13 | 23 | 0.437 | 0.99 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 79 |
| Aeolian | 63 | 11 | 26 | 0.447 | 0.63 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 89 |
| Beach with permanent or periodic rivers | 32 | 25 | 43 | 0.743 | 0.60 | 21 | 4 | 2 | 14 | 59 |