
Figure 1.
Conceptual structure of the Energy Hub [11]
Table 1.
Ternary Optimization Key Concepts
| Advantages | Disadvantages | Application | Latest achievements |
|---|---|---|---|
| Computational Efficiency | Loss of Accuracy | Deep Learning | Improved Training Methods |
| Memory Savings | Training Complexity | Edge Computing | Hybrid Approaches |
| Energy Efficiency | Hardware Support | NLP | Hardware Acceleration |
| Sparsity | Convergence Issues | Computer Vision | |
| Balanced Trade-off | Hardware Design |

Figure 2.
Architecture of the regional integrated energy system [14]

Figure 3.
Ternary strategy improves the photovoltaic efficiency of ternary devices [48]

Figure 4.
Expansion of ternary optimization applications [50]
