Springtime influences of Asian outflow and photochemistry on the distributions of diacids, oxoacids and α-dicarbonyls in the aerosols from the western North Pacific Rim

Bhagawati Kunwar; K. Torii; Kimitaka Kawamura

doi:10.1080/16000889.2017.1369341

Springtime influences of Asian outflow and photochemistry on the distributions of diacids, oxoacids and α-dicarbonyls in the aerosols from the western North Pacific Rim

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

Volume 69 (2017): Issue 1

By: Bhagawati Kunwar, K. Torii and Kimitaka Kawamura

Open Access

|Jan 2017

Abstract

Total suspended particle (TSP) samples were collected at Cape Hedo, Okinawa on a basis of 24, 12 and 3 h intervals in March to April 2007, when the Asian outflow is enhanced. The filter samples were analysed for dicarboxylic acids, oxoacids, benzoic acid and α-dicarbonyls to better understand the sources, chemical composition and photochemical ageing of organic aerosols during long-range transport. Their molecular distributions showed a predominance of oxalic acid (C₂) followed by malonic (C₃) and succinic (C₄) acids. Day/night samples did not show clear diurnal variations, suggesting that local anthropogenic influence is not important. The highest concentrations of C₂ and other diacid species were observed in April 10 when air masses were delivered from north China. Higher concentrations were observed when air masses arrived from East Asia and coastal China. The 3 h samples showed higher concentrations of oxalic acid at 16:30 or at 13:30 during April 14 and 16, whereas higher relative abundance of C₂ in total diacids and higher concentration ratios (C₂/C₃, C₂/C₄, C₃/C₄, C₂/Gly, and C₂/ωC₂) were observed at 7:30 during April 14–16. These results suggest that aerosols were accumulated in the atmosphere during night and photochemically modified early in the morning. Oxalic acid–C/OC did not show a prominent peak in 3-h samples. Temporal variations in the concentrations of diacids, oxoacids and α-dicarbonyls, relative abundances and diacid–C/OC ratios together with 5 day back trajectory analyses show that the aerosols from Cape Hedo are strongly influenced by long-range atmospheric transport from East Asia, especially in China. Strong correlations of C₂ with nss-SO₄²⁻ and NO₃⁻ in night-time suggest a secondary formation of water-soluble diacids via heterogeneous aqueous phase oxidation during long-range transport.

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Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/16000889.2017.1369341 | Journal eISSN: 1600-0889

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Language: English

Page range: 1369341 - 1369341

Submitted on: Feb 7, 2017

Accepted on: Aug 11, 2017

Published on: Jan 1, 2017

Published by: Stockholm University Press

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Keywords:

East Asian aerosols,

aerosol ageing,

night-time chemistry,

long-range atmospheric transport

© 2017 Bhagawati Kunwar, K. Torii, Kimitaka Kawamura, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 69 (2017): Issue 1