Characterization of fine particles during the 2014 Asia-Pacific economic cooperation summit: Number concentration, size distribution and sources

Zirui Liu; Bo Hu; Junke Zhang; Jinyuan Xin; Fangkun Wu; Wenkang Gao; Mingxing Wang; Yuesi Wang

doi:10.1080/16000889.2017.1303228

Characterization of fine particles during the 2014 Asia-Pacific economic cooperation summit: Number concentration, size distribution and sources

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

Volume 69 (2017): Issue 1

By: Zirui Liu , Bo Hu, Junke Zhang, Jinyuan Xin, Fangkun Wu, Wenkang Gao, Mingxing Wang and Yuesi Wang

Open Access

|Jan 2017

Abstract

To study the impacts of emission controls on aerosol physical and chemical properties, real-time measurements of size-resolved aerosol number concentration and chemical composition were conducted in urban Beijing during the 2014 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit, in a period that a series of measures, for example shutting down or halting production from factories and power plants, and restricting the number of vehicles on the roads were implemented in Beijing and surrounding regions. Significantly, reductions in particle mass concentration (55% for PM_2.5 and 48% for PM₁₀) were observed during the APEC summit. A clear decrease in secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA), such as sulphate, nitrate and ammonium, was found during APEC, with the reduction ranged from 65.7 to 72.2% for PM₁, in which sulphate showed the largest decrease compared with periods before APEC. As a comparison, organics showed a much smaller decrease of 44.3% for PM₁ during APEC. These changes were mainly caused by large reductions in accumulation mode particles, which decreased by 36% compared with 19% for Aitken mode particles. The results from the positive matrix factorization (PMF) of particle number concentration indicate that regionally transported aerosols showed significant decreases (70%), similar to those of SIA during APEC, whereas primary factors from traffic and local combustion sources presented much smaller decreases, with the reduction ranged from 4 to 40%. The elevated contributions of these sources indicated the presence of strong local source emissions. The changes in particle chemical composition, size distribution and sources during the evolution of pollution episodes with and without emission controls are further illustrated. Our results highlight the importance of regional atmospheric transport in the formation of severe pollution episodes in Beijing, indicating that reducing the precursors of secondary aerosol over regional scales represent the key steps to reduce the urban particulate pollution. However, stricter emission controls on local source emissions are needed to further mitigate air pollution in Beijing.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/16000889.2017.1303228 | Journal eISSN: 1600-0889

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Language: English

Page range: 1303228 - 1303228

Submitted on: Mar 28, 2016

Accepted on: Dec 16, 2016

Published on: Jan 1, 2017

Published by: Stockholm University Press

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Keywords:

Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation,

aerosol number size distribution,

chemical composition,

sources

© 2017 Zirui Liu, Bo Hu, Junke Zhang, Jinyuan Xin, Fangkun Wu, Wenkang Gao, Mingxing Wang, Yuesi Wang, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 69 (2017): Issue 1