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A dynamical–system description of precipitation over the tropics and the midlatitudes Cover

A dynamical–system description of precipitation over the tropics and the midlatitudes

Tellus
Volume 72 (2020): Issue 1
By: ,  ,   and    
Open Access
|Jan 2020
Figures & tables

Figures & Tables

Table 1.

Mean and spread (standard deviation) of data.

AreaVaraibleMeanSpread(Standard Deviation) x¯,y¯ s x , s y Trop.West.Pacificrain 8.2 (mm/day) 10.2 (mm/day) CAPE 414 (J/kg) 229 (J/kg) CIW 51.2 (mm) 4.4 (mm) FVG rain 0.97 (mm/6h) 2.9 (mm/6h) CAPE 180 (J/kg) 382 (J/kg) CIW 19.9 (mm) 9.2 North Atlantic rain 1.09 (mm/6h) 0.41 (mm/6h) CAPE 73.5 (J/kg) 29.0 (J/kg) CIW 15.3 (mm) 2.03 (mm) baroclinicity4.6 (m/sec) 1.4 (m/sec)
Fig. 1.

Effective number of points for analysis defined by Eq. (2.6).

Fig. 2.

Phase-velocity vectors: the maximum length indicated at the lower right of the figure is 1 day–1 for (a), (b), 2 day–1 for (c), (d), and 0.5 day–1 for (e), (f), (g). The vectors longer than the maximum are indicated by increasing the arrow head size proportionally. Vectors are marked only over the areas with data density of a > 1. Shades show the statistical significance, β(x,y), measured by Eq. (2.10).

Fig. 3.

Signal-to-noise ratio defined by (4.1) shown by shades. The phase-velocity vectors are also overlain as in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4.

Error distribution with global fit to the system (4.2). Only areas with a > 1 are shaded.

Table 2.

Dynamical–system characterisitcs.

Area Predict.Trop.West.PacificFVGNorth AtlanticVariableCAPECIWCAPECIWCAPECIWbarocl.λ10.660.740.109.2 × 10–21.5 × 10–23.8 × 10–20.24λ20.530.560.30 × 10–31.6 × 10–25.6 × 10–23.1 × 10–20.23μ1−0.170.22−3.2 × 10–29.8 × 10–3−4.8 × 10–31.6 × 10–33.4 × 10–3μ2−0.210.144.3 × 10–2−6.7 × 10–33.1 × 10–21.3 × 10–2−6.3 × 10–3x0397513661969164.6y08.47.90.361.11.11.21.1ω20.320.382.8×10−41.4 × 10–36.7×10−41.0 × 10–35.4 × 10–2σr 2.0 × 10–23.8 × 10–2−3.8 × 10–28.2 × 10–3−1.8 × 10–21.4 × 10–34.8 × 10–3
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/16000870.2020.1847939 | Journal eISSN: 3035-9554
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Language: English
Page range: 1847939 - 1847939
Published on: Jan 1, 2020
Published by: Stockholm University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Keywords:
dynamical system,
precipitation,
column-integrated water vapor,
CAPE,
empirical forecast,
discharge–recharge

© 2020 Jun-Ichi Yano, Maarten H. P. Ambaum, Helen F. Dacre, Agostino Manzato, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 72 (2020): Issue 1
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